Autologous Stem Cell Derived Beta Cells For Diabetes Cell Replacement Therapy
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Autologous Stem Cell Derived Beta Cells For Diabetes Cell Replacement Therapy
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Author : Kristina G. Maxwell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Autologous Stem Cell Derived Beta Cells For Diabetes Cell Replacement Therapy written by Kristina G. Maxwell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Autologous stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for patients with diabetes worldwide. Previous stem cell-derived [beta] (SC-[beta]) cell protocols were unable to efficiently differentiate multiple patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets), containing insulin-secreting SC-[beta] cells. Recent updates targeting the actin cytoskeleton have enabled the differentiation of 14 diabetic and nondiabetic stem cell lines into SC-islets. We used genetic engineering, specifically CRISPR/Cas9, to correct the diabetes-causing mutation in stem cells from patients with Wolfram Syndrome. The genetically engineered SC-[beta] cells functioned and had a composition similar to nondiabetic SC-[beta] cells, unlike the unedited SC-[beta] cells generated from the patient which revealed insulin processing defects and low [beta] cell yields from the differentiation. In addition, the corrected SC-[beta] cells reversed diabetes in mice within 8 days of transplantation, whereas, the diseased SC-[beta] cells maintained hyperglycemic over 8 months. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified differences in the diseased and corrected SC-[beta] cells from patients and was also used to analyze transplanted SC-islets after 6 months in vivo. The transplanted SC-islets had a global transcriptome profile similar to adult human islets, compared to in vitro SC-islets which are comparable to juvenile human islets.These revelations in transplanted SC-islets led us to study the effect of host mouse sex, diabetic environment, transplantation site, and dose on maturation of SC-islets in mice. SC-islets were only able to reverse pre-existing diabetes in mice at the kidney capsule transplantation location with a dose of 5 million and 2 million SC-islet cells. Alternative intramuscular and subcutaneous, and lower doses of 0.75 million cells were unable to reverse diabetes. SC-islet maturation was dependent on mouse host sex and independent of the diabetic environment.Next, we defined the transcriptome profile and maturation of SC-islets, stem cell-derived pancreatic progenitors (SC-PPs), and primary cadaveric human islets transplanted under the kidney capsule in mice. SC-islets achieved similar human C-peptide levels compared to human islets in mouse serum after 18 weeks in vivo. SC-PPs were able to mature into SC-[beta] cells in vivo, yet the serum C-Peptide levels only rose to similar levels of SC-islets upon transplantation. Both SC-islets and SC-PPs prevented diabetes in mice following STZ induction. SC-PPs yielded a small portion of SC-[beta] and endocrine cells, and a large number of exocrine cells following in vivo maturation. The transplanted [beta] cells derived from SC-PPs and SC-islets had similar gene expression of [beta] and islet markers. However, there was differential expression of known [beta] cell maturation genes, revealing gene signatures specific to original transplanted cells.Overall, these studies confirm the ability of SC-islets to reverse diabetes in animal models and define the similarity of transplanted SC-islets to primary human islets. We report differences in transcriptome and maturation of transplanted cells based on cell type and other parameters. The work in this dissertation provides evidence that autologous cell therapy could provide a long term therapy for patients with diabetes.
Stem Cell Therapy For Diabetes
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Author : Shimon Efrat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-01
Stem Cell Therapy For Diabetes written by Shimon Efrat and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-01 with Medical categories.
Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes, one of the latest installments of the Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series, reviews the three main approaches for generation of sufficient numbers of insulin-producing cells for restoration of an adequate beta-cell mass: beta-cell expansion, stem-cell differentiation, and nuclear reprogramming. Adeptly collecting the research of the leading scientists in the field, Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes compares the merits of employing autologous versus banked allogeneic cell sources for generation of surrogate beta cells, and addresses tissue engineering and ways for cell protection from recurring autoimmunity and graft rejection. Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes provides essential reading for those especially interested in tracking the progress in applying of one of the most exciting new developments in bio-medicine towards a cure for diabetes.
Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapy For Diabetes
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Author : Lorenzo Piemonti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapy For Diabetes written by Lorenzo Piemonti and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Stem Cells From Hype To Real Hope
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Author : Khawaja Husnain Haider
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Stem Cells From Hype To Real Hope written by Khawaja Husnain Haider and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Medical categories.
This book is a compilation of the bench experience of leading experts from various research labs involved in the cutting edge area of research. The authors describe the use of stem cells both as part of the combinatorial therapeutic intervention approach and as tools (disease model) during drug development, highlighting the shift from a conventional symptomatic treatment strategy to addressing the root cause of the disease process. The book is a continuum of the previously published book entitled "Stem Cells: from Drug to Drug Discovery" which was published in 2017.
Advances In Stem Cell Technology To Model And Treat Diabetes
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Author : Holger Andreas Russ
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Advances In Stem Cell Technology To Model And Treat Diabetes written by Holger Andreas Russ and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Medical categories.
Pancreas Kidney And Skin Regeneration
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Author : Phuc Van Pham
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-07
Pancreas Kidney And Skin Regeneration written by Phuc Van Pham and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-07 with Science categories.
This invaluable resource discusses clinical applications with effects and side-effects of applications of stem cells in diabetes, kidney and wound treatment. All chapters are contributed by pre-eminent scientists in the field and covers such topics as stem cells and cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, wound and other skin aging diseases, characteristics of some kinds of stem/progenitor cells for therapy, future directions of the discussed therapies and much more. Pancreas, Kidney and Skin Regeneration and the other books in the Stem Cells in Clinical Applications series will be invaluable to scientists, researchers, advanced students and clinicians working in stem cells, regenerative medicine or tissue engineering.
Islet Transplantation And Beta Cell Replacement Therapy
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Author : A. M. James Shapiro
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-07-25
Islet Transplantation And Beta Cell Replacement Therapy written by A. M. James Shapiro and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-25 with Medical categories.
Beta cell replacement through transplantation remains the only treatment option for Type 1 diabetes enabling restoration of near-physiological glucose levels without significant hypoglycemia. Outlining the most recent advances and research breakthroughs, this practical guide and reference work explores the impact of islet cell transplantation and brings together leading multidisciplinary proponents critical to future success in the field. Edited by a surgeon and an endocrinologist at the forefront of the technology, this volume considers challenges associated with this procedure including lack of sufficient donor organs and the side effects of immunosuppressive therapy, as well as the potential benefits for current and future patients. Islet Transplantation and Beta Cell Replacement Therapy, after a brief historical overview, examines: the key role of endocrinologists in holistic assessment and selection of islet transplant recipients the factors underlying attrition of islet function over time and need for enhanced graft monitoring post transplantation future in vivo islet imaging setting up new clinical islet transplant programs by outlining potential models and pitfalls-including cost effectiveness and sustainable integrated approaches clinical outcomes and the future direction for islet transplantation, including alternative sources of beta cells, to meet future clinical needs through xenotransplantation, new insulin-producing cells from adult tissue, and stem cell banks
Pancreas And Islet Transplantation
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Author : Nadey S. Hakim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Pancreas And Islet Transplantation written by Nadey S. Hakim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Medical categories.
Diabetes Mellitus is the principle cause of kidney failure and blindness in adults and leads to more cases of amputation and impotence than any other disease. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. The aims of pancreas or islet transplantation are to improve the quality of life of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and to ameliorate secondary complications. This book provides a comprehensive and international review of the recent advances in pancreas and islet transplantation. It covers surgical techniques, issues surrounding organ preservation, immunosuppression and the control of other complications, all of which contribute to the potential for such transplantations to evolve as the treatment of choice for insulin dependent diabetes. The editors have compiled a strong and international team of contribution authors. This book is essential reading for transplant surgeons and all those involved in researching or treating diabetes mellitus.
Biobanking And Cryopreservation Of Stem Cells
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Author : Feridoun Karimi-Busheri
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-11-10
Biobanking And Cryopreservation Of Stem Cells written by Feridoun Karimi-Busheri and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-10 with Science categories.
Biobanking is considered to be one of the ten ideas changing the world with an estimated value of $45 billion by 2025. Despite the challenges, as the climate for innovation in the biobanking industry continues to flourish around the world, it is certain that amazing discoveries will emerge from this large-scale method of preserving and accessing human samples; biobanking is no longer just a place for collecting and storing samples. This book will cover a wide variety of subjects from across the future biobanking spectrum including scientific strategies, personalized medicine, regenerative medicine and stem cell challenges, disease surveillance, population genetics and innovative methods of biobanking.
In Vivo And Ex Vivo Gene Therapy For Inherited And Non Inherited Disorders
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Author : Houria Bachtarzi
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-03-13
In Vivo And Ex Vivo Gene Therapy For Inherited And Non Inherited Disorders written by Houria Bachtarzi and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-13 with Medical categories.
Ongoing advances in pharmaceutical biotechnology have paved the way to ground-breaking new biological therapeutic modalities, offering the possibility of a durable curative approach for a number of life-threatening diseases, for which the medical need is as yet unmet. Over the past decades, gene therapy has seen a massive transformation from a proof-of-concept approach to a clinical reality culminating in the regulatory approval of state-of-the-art products in the European Union and in the United States. This book captures some of the scientific progresses notably in gene transfer technologies and translational development of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy interventions in the treatment of a broad range of complex and debilitating non-inherited and inherited disorders such as: human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection, cancer, cystic fibrosis, hereditary retinopathies, haemophilia B, cardiac diseases, and chronic liver fibrosis.