Bargaining On Nuclear Tests
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Bargaining On Nuclear Tests
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Author : Or Rabinowitz
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-04
Bargaining On Nuclear Tests written by Or Rabinowitz and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04 with History categories.
Bargaining on Nuclear Tests tells the yet untold story of how Washington under Ronald Reagan's presidency duplicated the nuclear deal on ambiguity reached with Israel in 1969 in its dealings with Pakistan and South Africa in 1981. It puts the story of nuclear tests at the heart of a new Cold War historical narrative.
Banning The Bang Or The Bomb
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Author : Paul Meerts
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-04-17
Banning The Bang Or The Bomb written by Paul Meerts and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-17 with History categories.
Analyses the expansion of the nuclear arms control regime, evaluating Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty negotiations and preparations for on-site inspections.
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Negotiations
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Author : Maurice A. Mallin
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Negotiations written by Maurice A. Mallin and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty categories.
On July 16, 1945, the United States conducted the world's first nuclear explosive test in Alamagordo, New Mexico. The test went off as planned; a nuclear chain reaction, in the form of an explosion, could be created. Less than a month later, nuclear weapons were used to support Allied efforts to end World War II. Just 4 years later, on August 29, 1949, the Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test. The United States intensified efforts to develop the hydrogen bomb, which it tested in 1952. The development of new nuclear weapon designs, as well as the imperative to test these designs, were now inextricably linked. Nuclear tests were considered essential to maintaining confidence in the effectiveness and usability of these weapons. Since the Alamogordo test, upwards of 2,000 nuclear tests have taken place globally. Of these, 528 were conducted in the atmosphere, with significant environmental consequences. Between 1945 and 1950, seven atmospheric nuclear tests took place. As the Cold War escalated, weapons testing accelerated: 63 such tests occurred between 1951 and 1954. Three of these were conducted by the United Kingdom, who joined the nuclear "club" with a test in 1952 (France tested in 1960, followed by China in 1964). In 1954, after an unexpectedly powerful and environmentally damaging test called Castle Bravo took place over Bikini Atoll in the Asia Pacific, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru called for a "standstill" in nuclear explosive testing: "Pending progress towards some solution, full or partial, in respect of the prohibition of these weapons of mass destruction, the Government would consider, some sort of what may be called a "standstill agreement" in respect, at least, of these actual explosions." In 1958 the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom undertook negotiations over a cessation of nuclear testing, but a number of issues, mostly related to verifying compliance, proved intractable. Some success was attained after the Cuban Missile Crisis, as the three parties agreed in 1963 to the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), which banned all nuclear testing in the atmosphere, in space, or underwater. Nuclear tests would henceforth be permitted only underground. Subsequent efforts to negotiate a complete cessation proved unsuccessful until 1994, when negotiations on a multilateral comprehensive nuclear test ban began in earnest. These negotiations were completed in 1996. Shortly thereafter, a treaty text was overwhelmingly supported at the United Nations. However, over 20 years later, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) has not yet entered into force. As such, this case study will consider the following: -- the developments that led to the start of negotiations; - the perspectives of the key actors and their impacts upon the negotiations; - summary of the negotiations, focusing on key issues and the efforts to reach resolution on them; - the endgame of the negotiationsa few key lessons learned, which may have utility for future multilateral negotiations, touching on issues associated with leadership, factors that impact decisionmaking, and how a negotiation must balance national interests and negotiating objectives.
Soviet Bargaining Behavior
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Author : Christer Jönsson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Soviet Bargaining Behavior written by Christer Jönsson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Nuclear disarmament categories.
Banning The Bang Or The Bomb
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Author : Mordechai Melamud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Banning The Bang Or The Bomb written by Mordechai Melamud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty categories.
"The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), negotiated between 1994 and 1996, is the latest development in the nuclear arms control regime. It continues to serve a vital role in preserving the privileged status of the nuclear weapons states and barring the way to proliferation. Banning the Bang or the Bomb? brings together a team of leading international experts who together analyse its negotiation as a model of regime creation, examining collective dynamics, the behaviour of individual countries, and the nature of specific issues. The book offers practical guidance and training for members of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization future inspectorate to help negotiate their way during an on-site inspection (OSI) in an inspected state. This is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals alike that turns an analysis of what has happened into a manual for what is about to happen"--
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
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Author : Keith A. Hansen
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2006
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by Keith A. Hansen and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Political Science categories.
A brief historical and analytical understanding of the difficulties encountered in negotiating and implementing the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and their implications for efforts to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Includes full text of the treaty and supplementary materials.
Negotiating Nuclear Arms Control
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Author : Lloyd Jensen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Negotiating Nuclear Arms Control written by Lloyd Jensen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Political Science categories.
Bargaining Over The Bomb
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Author : William Spaniel
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-21
Bargaining Over The Bomb written by William Spaniel and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with History categories.
This book uses formal models to explore the conditions under which nuclear agreements are credible.
Stepping Back
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Author : William B. Vogele
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1994-04-30
Stepping Back written by William B. Vogele and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-04-30 with History categories.
Vogele provides a contemporary history of the nuclear arms control negotiations of the 1980s, tracing these negotiations from their initiation at the beginning of the decade through the agreements that were reached by the end. Two chapters provide background on arms control efforts from the mid-1950s through 1980. The work is an analytical history of nuclear arms control bargaining processes, and an evaluation of the utility of alternative negotiation strategies for producing agreement. Thus, the history of these negotiations offers lessons for the continuing pursuit of arms control and other cooperative security arrangement in the post-Cold War international order.
Bargaining On Nuclear Tests
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Author : Or Rabinowitz
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-05-01
Bargaining On Nuclear Tests written by Or Rabinowitz and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-01 with Political Science categories.
Most observers who follow nuclear history agree on one major aspect regarding Israel's famous policy of nuclear ambiguity; mainly that it is an exception. More specifically, it is largely accepted that the 1969 Nixon-Meir understanding, which formally established Israel's policy of nuclear ambiguity and transformed it from an undeclared Israeli strategy into a long-lasting undisclosed bilateral agreement, was in fact a singularity, aimed at allowing Washington to turn a blind eye to the existence of an Israeli arsenal. According to conventional wisdom, this nuclear bargain was a foreign policy exception on behalf of Washington, an exception which reflected a relationship growing closer and warmer between the superpower leading the free world and its small Cold War associate. Contrary to the orthodox narrative, this research demonstrates that this was not the case. The 1969 bargain was not, in fact, an exception, but rather the first of three Cold War era deals on nuclear tests brokered by Washington with its Cold War associates, the other two being Pakistan and South Africa. These two deals are not well known and until now were discussed and explored in the literature in a very limited fashion. Bargaining on Nuclear Tests places the role of nuclear tests by American associates, as well as Washington's attempts to prevent and delay them, at the heart of a new nuclear history narrative.