Basic Data On The Economy Of Romania
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Markets And People
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-02-10
Markets And People written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-10 with Business & Economics categories.
Romania’s income per capita has increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 63 percent in 2017, but this economic success rests on the wobbly foundations of unfavorable demographics, weak human capital, and ineffective institutions. Going forward, stronger competition and better human capital are critical to increasing the economy’s growth potential. Romanian manufacturing ï¬?rms are exposed to domestic and international competition, ensuring the flow of resources and market shares to more efï¬?cient players. This has not been the case for services, where anticompetitive regulations and direct state control often limit efï¬?ciency gains. Romanian state-owned enterprises do not compete on an equal footing with private sector ï¬?rms, distorting market outcomes and hampering the efï¬?cient allocation of resources. Removal of these restrictions would have a signiï¬?cant positive impact on GDP growth. Competitively neutral policies are needed to ensure that all enterprises, public or private, domestic or foreign, face the same set of rules. Romania’s human capital accumulation--proxied by the World Bank’s Human Capital Index (HCI)--is the lowest in the European Union and varies widely across counties. Disparities in education outcomes remain relevant across and within regions of Romania. Learning gaps in primary and secondary education persist. These can be seen clearly between urban and rural areas, across regions, and across social groups, requiring changes both at the systems level and at the learning-center level. In the labor market, the automation of production processes has started driving demand for higher levels of cognitive skills, while jobs involving the routine application of procedural knowledge are shrinking in number. A paradigm shift would require reforms in primary and secondary schooling, in addition to more targeted actions, to establish an effective skills development system to bolster human capital.
The Romanian Economic Reform Program
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Author : Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1991-08-01
The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
With the start of the process of its transition to a market economy in early 1990, Romania joined the ranks of other reforming Eastern European countries. At the starting point of its reform program, however, Romania was in a deep economic and institutional crisis and had no experience in even modest attempts to reform its economy. This paper outlines the main characteristics of the Romanian economic system before the reform, and presents the evolution of the reform program, as well as its achievements in the first year or so since it was launched.
The Romanian Economy In The Twentieth Century
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Author : David Turnock
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
The Romanian Economy In The Twentieth Century written by David Turnock and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Romania categories.
Oecd Economic Surveys Switzerland 2022
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Author : Oecd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-01-20
Oecd Economic Surveys Switzerland 2022 written by Oecd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-20 with Business & Economics categories.
The Swiss economy has shown resilience but the COVID-19 pandemic continues to raise uncertainty and challenges. Effective government support has helped protect employment and buttress household incomes. Nevertheless, some sectors and groups have been hit hard, with a disproportionate impact on low-middle skilled and low-wage workers. Fostering productivity growth is crucial to maintain high living standards in the future. Switzerland is one of the top OECD performers in terms of labour productivity, but productivity growth has slowed markedly over the past three decades. Lower barriers to free and open competition within the internal market and continued openness to international markets would spur competitive pressures and raise productivity and growth. In addition, effective and sustainable use of resources can sustain stronger and more inclusive growth. Raising labour market inclusiveness, by keeping higher numbers of older workers in employment as well as reducing the gender pay gap, would help the recovery and improve living standards of all. SPECIAL FEATURE: FOSTERING A STRONG LABOUR MARKET TO SUPPORT THE RECOVERY AND SUSTAIN GROWTH
Basic Data On The Economy Of Romania
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Author : Michael H. Goldman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Basic Data On The Economy Of Romania written by Michael H. Goldman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Romania categories.
Development Theories And Their Relevance In Romania S Past And Present Context
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Author : Enikő - Júlia Kádár
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2019-03-29
Development Theories And Their Relevance In Romania S Past And Present Context written by Enikő - Júlia Kádár and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Economic Cycle and Growth, grade: 10,00, Babeș-Bolyai Universit, language: English, abstract: Although Romania is considered one of the fastest growing economies with favourable prospects for the future, the country is lagging far behind other European countries on issues such as the quality of healthcare and education systems, levels of corruption, macroeconomic stability, and environmental safety. The aim of this thesis is to provide an ensemble view of the factors that actually determine how advanced a country is by analysing the main Development Theories provided in the literature, and determining their significance in Romania’s past and present context. This is done by first presenting each theory in detail, to ensure an understanding of the various dimensions and factors that should be taken into account in the assessment of any nation’s level of development, followed by an examination – tailored specifically to Romania’s context – of the four domains of sustainable development (economics, politics, society & culture, and ecology) through the consolidation of relevant statistical data and bibliographical information. The findings of the paper highlight the fact that Romania’s overall development is not equivalent to its economic growth, as the latter does not necessarily reflect the population’s welfare. For the country to be considered advanced from other points of view as well, authorities should not fail to recognize that attracting and retaining foreign investment, encouraging entrepreneurship, increasing the national budgets for education, health-care, and infrastructure improvement, tackling the serious, ongoing problem of corruption and lack of institutional transparency, and strengthening environmental awareness and independence are all factors that have an important role in defining Romania’s current level of development, and in providing future generations with further opportunities.
The Hidden Business Value
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Author : Marius Daraban Ph D
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-02-18
The Hidden Business Value written by Marius Daraban Ph D and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-18 with categories.
Business organizations compete for the best sustainable competitive advantage in a world that is changing quickly and dramatically due to the new economy driven by the information age. Do businesses, in the quest for the sustainable competitive advantage, use all available resources to their benefit? Data, information, and knowledge are a sustainable source of competitive advantage generated from within their own business support services. What is economic value and how can it be measured? Are the Romanian business organizations ready to switch their business philosophy to the new economy driven by the information age? The globalization puts Romanian business organizations regardless of their majority shareholder, size, type, and location under the pressure of catching up and to assimilate the new "rules of the game" called the 21st-century market competition. Romanian business organizations must be innovative, creative and resourceful in their global quest for sustainable competitive advantage. The Romanian business organization has embraced the challenges and opportunities of the information age indicated by most of the questionnaire respondents due to also requirements of their mother companies. The presence and usage of IT&C technology are not enough if the provided data, information, and knowledge are not capitalized and leverage to its maximal extent. 2018 Romania is facing both ends of the IT&C adoption, high tech, and globally competitive business organizations that have emerged and business organizations that are still run with very rudimentary and basic IT&C support.Over the years Romania has become an IT&C knowledge pool that is worldwide recognized and appreciated mainly not by local Romanian business organizations but more by foreign, local operating, business organizations. Presently the Romanian economy is not ready to change and to create value also from data, information and knowledge that it owns. The first steps have been already made, Romania has one of the best internet infrastructures in the world, placing the country permanently in the top 5 worldwide. The information age of the 21st century has determined irreversible and deep changes in the "classical" way of doing business. Slowly the "industrial age" style of managing a business is getting more and more obsolete due to the fundamental changes triggered by the "new economy" that is driven by data, information, and knowledge. IT&C is omnipresent in the business organizations of the 21st century, regardless of type, size or company culture and values. Also, there is a certain irrefutable acceptance of the IT&C phenomenon, that has touched all business aspects and that is transforming and leading many "classic" concepts to the brink of obsolescence.Leveraged by the information age value management is the "normal" response to the triggered changes. Even though the acceptance and recognition of the importance of value management are high (about 70%) there are still 30% that are skeptical and that is not very convinced by the "new economy".
The Romanian Economy A Century Of Transformation 1918 2018
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Author : Luminita Chivu
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
Release Date : 2019
The Romanian Economy A Century Of Transformation 1918 2018 written by Luminita Chivu and has been published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Economic development categories.
The book contains researchers' scientific statements and ideas covering the stages of the evolution of the Romanian economy and society during the one hundred years since the Great Union and the representation of Romania in European and world context, with a special focus on sectoral problems.
Determinants Of Economic Growth
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Author : Robert J. Barro
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1997
Determinants Of Economic Growth written by Robert J. Barro and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Business & Economics categories.
Summarizes recent research from hundreds of empirical studies on economic growth across countries that have highlighted the correlation between growth and a variety of variables.
Development In Turbulent Times
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Author : Paul Dobrescu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-20
Development In Turbulent Times written by Paul Dobrescu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-20 with Business & Economics categories.
This open access book explores the most recent trends in the EU in terms of development, progress, and performance. Ten years after the 2008 economic crisis, and amidst a digital revolution that is intensifying the development race, the European Union, and especially Central and Eastern Europe, are ardently searching for their development priorities. Against this background, by relying on a cross-national perspective, the authors reflect upon the developmental challenges of the moment, such as sustainable development, reducing inequality, ensuring social cohesion, and driving the digital revolution. They particularly focus on the relation between the less-developed Eastern part of the EU and its more developed Western counterpart, and discuss the consequences of this development gap in detail. Lastly, the book presents a range of case studies from different areas of governance, such as economy and commerce, health services, education, migration and public opinion in order to investigate the trends most likely to impact the European Union's medium and long-term development.