Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing
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Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing
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Author : Shay Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2019-04-09
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing written by Shay Cohen and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-09 with Computers categories.
Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. In this book, we cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. In response to rapid changes in the field, this second edition of the book includes a new chapter on representation learning and neural networks in the Bayesian context. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we review some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling, neural networks and representation learning, and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing Second Edition
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Author : Shay Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing Second Edition written by Shay Cohen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. In this book, we cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. In response to rapid changes in the field, this second edition of the book includes a new chapter on representation learning and neural networks in the Bayesian context. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we review some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling, neural networks and representation learning, and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing Second Edition
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Author : Shay Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-09
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing Second Edition written by Shay Cohen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-09 with Computers categories.
Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. In this book, we cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. In response to rapid changes in the field, this second edition of the book includes a new chapter on representation learning and neural networks in the Bayesian context. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we review some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling, neural networks and representation learning, and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing
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Author : Shay Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2016-06-01
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing written by Shay Cohen and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-01 with Computers categories.
Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate for various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. We cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we cover some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing Ii
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Author : Emily M. Bender
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-01
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing Ii written by Emily M. Bender and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Computers categories.
Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). This is because the aims of these fields are to build systems that understand what people mean when they speak or write, and that can produce linguistic strings that successfully express to people the intended content. In order for NLP to scale beyond partial, task-specific solutions, researchers in these fields must be informed by what is known about how humans use language to express and understand communicative intents. The purpose of this book is to present a selection of useful information about semantics and pragmatics, as understood in linguistics, in a way that's accessible to and useful for NLP practitioners with minimal (or even no) prior training in linguistics.
Statistical Significance Testing For Natural Language Processing
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Author : Rotem Dror
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-01
Statistical Significance Testing For Natural Language Processing written by Rotem Dror and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Computers categories.
Data-driven experimental analysis has become the main evaluation tool of Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms. In fact, in the last decade, it has become rare to see an NLP paper, particularly one that proposes a new algorithm, that does not include extensive experimental analysis, and the number of involved tasks, datasets, domains, and languages is constantly growing. This emphasis on empirical results highlights the role of statistical significance testing in NLP research: If we, as a community, rely on empirical evaluation to validate our hypotheses and reveal the correct language processing mechanisms, we better be sure that our results are not coincidental. The goal of this book is to discuss the main aspects of statistical significance testing in NLP. Our guiding assumption throughout the book is that the basic question NLP researchers and engineers deal with is whether or not one algorithm can be considered better than another one. This question drivesthe field forward as it allows the constant progress of developing better technology for language processing challenges. In practice, researchers and engineers would like to draw the right conclusion from a limited set of experiments, and this conclusion should hold for other experiments with datasets they do not have at their disposal or that they cannot perform due to limited time and resources. The book hence discusses the opportunities and challenges in using statistical significance testing in NLP, from the point of view of experimental comparison between two algorithms. We cover topics such as choosing an appropriate significance test for the major NLP tasks, dealing with the unique aspects of significance testing for non-convex deep neural networks, accounting for a large number of comparisons between two NLP algorithms in a statistically valid manner (multiple hypothesis testing), and, finally, the unique challenges yielded by the nature of the data and practices of the field.
Natural Language Processing For Social Media Third Edition
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Author : Anna Atefeh Farzindar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Natural Language Processing For Social Media Third Edition written by Anna Atefeh Farzindar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
In recent years, online social networking has revolutionized interpersonal communication. The newer research on language analysis in social media has been increasingly focusing on the latter's impact on our daily lives, both on a personal and a professional level. Natural language processing (NLP) is one of the most promising avenues for social media data processing. It is a scientific challenge to develop powerful methods and algorithms that extract relevant information from a large volume of data coming from multiple sources and languages in various formats or in free form. This book will discuss the challenges in analyzing social media texts in contrast with traditional documents. Research methods in information extraction, automatic categorization and clustering, automatic summarization and indexing, and statistical machine translation need to be adapted to a new kind of data. This book reviews the current research on NLP tools and methods for processing the non-traditional information from social media data that is available in large amounts, and it shows how innovative NLP approaches can integrate appropriate linguistic information in various fields such as social media monitoring, health care, and business intelligence. The book further covers the existing evaluation metrics for NLP and social media applications and the new efforts in evaluation campaigns or shared tasks on new datasets collected from social media. Such tasks are organized by the Association for Computational Linguistics (such as SemEval tasks), the National Institute of Standards and Technology via the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) and the Text Analysis Conference (TAC), or the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF). In this third edition of the book, the authors added information about recent progress in NLP for social media applications, including more about the modern techniques provided by deep neural networks (DNNs) for modeling language and analyzing social media data.
Machine Learning For Natural Language Processing Insights Into Text And Speech Analysis
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Author : Mr. Harish Reddy Gantla
language : en
Publisher: Xoffencerpublication
Release Date : 2024-05-16
Machine Learning For Natural Language Processing Insights Into Text And Speech Analysis written by Mr. Harish Reddy Gantla and has been published by Xoffencerpublication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-16 with Computers categories.
The fourth industrial revolution, according to the World Economic Forum, is about to begin. This will blend the physical and digital worlds in ways we couldn’t imagine a few years ago. Advances in machine learning and AI will help usher in these existing changes. Machine learning is transformative which opens up new scenarios that were simply impossible a few years ago. Profound gaining addresses a significant change in perspective from customary programming improvement models. Instead of having to write explicit top-down instructions for how software should behave, deep learning allows your software to generalize rules of operations. Deep learning models empower the engineers to configure, characterized by the information without the guidelines to compose. Deep learning models are conveyed at scale and creation applications—for example, car, gaming, medical services, and independent vehicles. Deep learning models employ artificial neural networks, which are computer architectures comprising multiple layers of interconnected components. By avoiding data transmission through these connected units, a neural network can learn how to approximate the computations required to transform inputs to outputs. Deep learning models require top-notch information to prepare a brain organization to carry out a particular errand. Contingent upon your expected applications, you might have to get thousands to millions of tests. This chapter takes you on a journey of AI from where it got originated. It does not just involve the evolution of computer science, but it involves several fields say biology, statistics, and probability. Let us start its span from biological neurons; way back in 1871, Joseph von Gerlach proposed the reticulum theory, which asserted that “the nervous system is a single continuous network rather than a network of numerous separate cells.” According to him, our human nervous system is a single system and not a network of discrete cells. Camillo Golgi was able to examine neural tissues in greater detail than ever before, thanks to a chemical reaction he discovered. He concluded that the human nervous system was composed of a single cell and reaffirmed his support for the reticular theory. In 1888, Santiago Ramon y Cajal used Golgi’s method to examine the nervous system and concluded that it is a collection of distinct cells rather than a single cell.
Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications
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Author : Daniel Bikel
language : en
Publisher: IBM Press
Release Date : 2012-05-11
Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications written by Daniel Bikel and has been published by IBM Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications is the first comprehensive single-source guide to building robust and accurate multilingual NLP systems. Edited by two leading experts, it integrates cutting-edge advances with practical solutions drawn from extensive field experience. Part I introduces the core concepts and theoretical foundations of modern multilingual natural language processing, presenting today’s best practices for understanding word and document structure, analyzing syntax, modeling language, recognizing entailment, and detecting redundancy. Part II thoroughly addresses the practical considerations associated with building real-world applications, including information extraction, machine translation, information retrieval/search, summarization, question answering, distillation, processing pipelines, and more. This book contains important new contributions from leading researchers at IBM, Google, Microsoft, Thomson Reuters, BBN, CMU, University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, University of North Texas, and others. Coverage includes Core NLP problems, and today’s best algorithms for attacking them Processing the diverse morphologies present in the world’s languages Uncovering syntactical structure, parsing semantics, using semantic role labeling, and scoring grammaticality Recognizing inferences, subjectivity, and opinion polarity Managing key algorithmic and design tradeoffs in real-world applications Extracting information via mention detection, coreference resolution, and events Building large-scale systems for machine translation, information retrieval, and summarization Answering complex questions through distillation and other advanced techniques Creating dialog systems that leverage advances in speech recognition, synthesis, and dialog management Constructing common infrastructure for multiple multilingual text processing applications This book will be invaluable for all engineers, software developers, researchers, and graduate students who want to process large quantities of text in multiple languages, in any environment: government, corporate, or academic.
Machine Learning For Natural Language Processing
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Author : Sandeep Kumar Davuluri
language : en
Publisher: Xoffencer international book publication house
Release Date : 2023-05-03
Machine Learning For Natural Language Processing written by Sandeep Kumar Davuluri and has been published by Xoffencer international book publication house this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-03 with Computers categories.