Behavioural Aspects Of Parasite Transmission

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Behavioural Aspects Of Parasite Transmission

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Author : Elizabeth U. Canning
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1972

Behavioural Aspects Of Parasite Transmission written by Elizabeth U. Canning and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Science categories.

Parasites And Pathogens

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Author : N.E. Beckage
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Parasites And Pathogens written by N.E. Beckage and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

When Nancy Beckage and I first met in Lynn Riddiford's laboratory at the University of Washington in the mid 1970s, the fields of parasitology, behavior, and endocrinology were thriving and far-flung--disciplines in no serious danger of intersecting. There were rumors that they might have some common ground: Behavioural Aspects of Parasite Transmission (Canning and Wright, 1972) had just emerged, with exciting news not only of the way parasites themselves behave, but also of Machiavellian worms that caused intermediate hosts to shift fundamental responses to light and disturbance, becoming in the process more vulnerable to predation by the next host (Holmes and Bethel, 1972). Meanwhile, biologists such as Miriam Rothschild (see Dedication), G. B. Solomon (1969), and Lynn Riddiford herself (1975) had suggested that the endocrinological rami of parasitism might be subtle and pervasive. In general, however, para fications sites were viewed as aberrant organisms, perhaps good for a few just-so stories prior to turning our attention once again to real animals. In the decade that followed, Pauline Lawrence (1986a,b), Davy Jones (Jones et al. , 1986), Nancy Beckage (Beckage, 1985; Beckage and Templeton, 1986), and others, including many in this volume, left no doubt that the host-parasite combination in insect systems was physiologically distinct from its unparasitized counterpart in ways that went beyond gross pathology.

Parasites And The Behavior Of Animals

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Author : Janice Moore
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2002-01-31

Parasites And The Behavior Of Animals written by Janice Moore and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-31 with Science categories.

When a parasite invades an ant, does the ant behave like other ants? Maybe not-and if it doesn't, who, if anyone, benefits from the altered behaviors? The parasite? The ant? Parasites and the Behavior of Animals shows that parasite-induced behavioral alterations are more common than we might realize, and it places these alterations in an evolutionary and ecological context. Emphasizing eukaryotic parasites, the book examines the adaptive nature of behavioral changes associated with parasitism, exploring the effects of these changes on parasite transmission, parasite avoidance, and the fitness of both host and parasite. The behavioral changes and their effects are not always straightforward. To the extent that virulence, for instance, is linked to parasite transmission, the evolutionary interests of parasite and host will diverge, and the current winner of the contest to maximize reproductive rates may not be clear, or, for that matter, inevitable. Nonetheless, by affecting susceptibility, host/parasite lifespan and fecundity, and transmission itself, host behavior influences parameters that are basic to our comprehension of how parasites invade host populations, and fundamentally, how parasites evolve. Such an understanding is important for a wide range of scientists, from ecologists and parasitologists to evolutionary, conservation and behavioral biologists: The behavioral alterations that parasites induce can subtly and profoundly affect the distribution and abundance of animals.

Host Manipulation By Parasites

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Author : David P. Hughes
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-07

Host Manipulation By Parasites written by David P. Hughes and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-07 with Science categories.

Parasites that manipulate the behaviour of their hosts represent striking examples of adaptation by natural selection. This text provides an authoritative review of host manipulation by parasites that assesses developments in the field and lays out a framework for future research.

Host Manipulations By Parasites And Viruses

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Author : Heinz Mehlhorn
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-11-09

Host Manipulations By Parasites And Viruses written by Heinz Mehlhorn and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-09 with Medical categories.

This edited volume focuses on parasite-host relationships and the behavioral changes parasites may trigger in their hosts. Parasites have developed strategies which enhance their chances to find a host to survive inside its body and to become most easily transmitted to one another. Many of these parasites influence the host’s behavior by various mechanisms, so that the rate of their transmissions to further hosts becomes considerably enhanced in comparison to that of non-influenced specimens of the same host species. A broad number of recent studies elucidate more and more examples in an extreme spectrum of host-parasite relationships, where successful transmission and /or survival of a parasite inside a host is based on parasite-derived behavioral manipulations of the hosts. In the literature, an increasing numbers of papers appear which prove that these behavioral alterations are based on complicated psychoimmunologic, neuropharmacologic and genomically steered mechanisms. Researchers working in parasitology or behavioral sciences will find this work thought-provoking, instructive and informative.

Modelling Parasite Transmission And Control

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Author : Edwin Michael
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-12-31

Modelling Parasite Transmission And Control written by Edwin Michael and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-31 with Medical categories.

It is clear that many fascinating problems still remain to be addressed in parasite transmission modelling, from better understanding of transmission processes and natural history of infection to investigating the impact of ecological and spatial scales, climate change, host immunity and social behaviour, parasite-host evolutionary dynamics and parasite community ecology on parasite transmission. This book captures some of the advances made in recent years and provides indications of ways forward for addressing these questions by shedding light on developments in conceptual frameworks and modelling tools as well as the emergence of new data forms for aiding model construction, testing and analysis. Another important advance has been the parallel development of robust computationally-intensive statistical methods to allow model testing and parameterization by aiding the fitting of models to complex data. This is an exciting area of work, which we believe will broaden the scope of mathematical modelling in investigating parasite transmission processes. In particular, we expect this advance will now allow modellers to begin the successful development and analysis of mechanistically-rich models of parasite transmission that will facilitate better integration of the variety of mechanisms increasingly recognized as important in simultaneously affecting transmission, including abiotic processes, trophic and evolutionary interactions, movement in space, and behaviour and even physiology of the individual. We foresee a continuing bright future for using mathematical modelling to clarify parasite transmission dynamics and address problems related to effective parasite control. Ultimately, through this improved application of models to research and management, we expect that parasite control would be an achievable goal bringing benefits to a vast number of our fellow human beings.

The Role Of Mosquito Behaviour On Parasite Transmission

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Author : Brian O. Ma
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

The Role Of Mosquito Behaviour On Parasite Transmission written by Brian O. Ma and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Communicable diseases categories.

I use a combination of theory and experiments to explore the role of various aspects of mosquito behaviour on the ability of mosquitoes to transmit parasites. Special focus is given to the mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s., the principal vector for Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite that causes human malaria. Female mosquitoes require host blood for egg production, but also use sugar from nectar sources; however, the extent of sugar use is poorly understood. Sugar can be used to fuel somatic maintenance and activity. Blood, on the other hand, is a poor resource for fueling somatic maintenance and activity because of its low conversion efficiency to energy reserves. Furthermore, although blood is necessary for egg production, obtaining blood is risky. Thus, there is a trade-off between reproduction and survival when using these two resources. I use an energy-explicit dynamic state variable model where the availability of both blood and sugar is varied and ask whether energetic condition is important for the feeding choices of mosquitoes. I then test this theory using two independent behavioural bioassay experiments. Both the experiments and theory agree that energetic state will have an impact on mosquito behavior - mosquitoes with lower reserves choose sugar over blood, and the availability of blood and sugar have non-linear effects on these choices. Furthermore, I examine the evolution of egg-laying behavior in the context of a co-evolving complex of adult and larval traits and find that adult mosquitoes evolve very specific preferences for habitats that correspond to larval characteristics, but that adults try to minimize larval interactions. Lastly, I use well established metrics of parasite transmission ability to demonstrate that the availability of both blood and sugar have a large impact on the ability of a mosquito population to transmit parasites. The availability of sugar in the environment may thus play a larger role in a mosquito"s life, and subsequently its ability to transmit parasites, than traditionally thought. I discuss this finding in light of current vector control strategies.

Parasitism And Host Behaviour

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Author : C F Barnard
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1990-08-09

Parasitism And Host Behaviour written by C F Barnard and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-08-09 with Nature categories.

Recent ideas and experimental studies suggest that the relationship between parasitism and host behaviour has been a powerful shaping force in the evolution not only of behaviour patterns themselves but, through them, of morphology and population and community dynamics. This book brings together recent work across the disciplines of parasitology an

Animal Behavior And Parasitism

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Author : Vanessa Ezenwa
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-08-04

Animal Behavior And Parasitism written by Vanessa Ezenwa and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-04 with Science categories.

We live in a world teeming with parasites. Many animal behaviors, including social interactions, mating displays, and decisions about where to move, nest, and forage are shaped by interactions with parasites. The same is true for humans, where our attraction to mates, hygienic behaviors, food choices, and decisions about when and where to gather in groups often depend on current and perceived infection risk. In turn, behaviors like social distancing and self-medication can alter the trajectories of parasite transmission and evolution, as vividly illustrated by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The myriad connections between animal behavior and parasitism have been the subject of growing research interest since the 1970s and 80s, when fundamental theories linking the two fields of study emerged. Since then, a combination of conceptual and technological advances, and increased integration of ideas across disciplines, have helped to uncover fascinating new connections between animal behavior and the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases. This accessible text surveys emerging research in this vibrant field. Chapters focus on fundamental topics at the interface of animal behavior and parasitism, and authors have been selected to provide a diverse and international perspective. Animal Behavior and Parasitism is an upper-level text suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate level students as well as professional researchers in animal behavior/behavioral ecology, disease ecology, parasitology, and evolutionary biology.

Parasites And Behaviour

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Author : M. V. K. Sukhdeo
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994

Parasites And Behaviour written by M. V. K. Sukhdeo and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Medical categories.

This volume of Parasitology takes an in depth look at parasitic behaviour.