Best Map Projections
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Best Map Projections
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Author : Elena Novikova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-01-22
Best Map Projections written by Elena Novikova and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the most condensed information about the theory of distortion theory developed by N.A. Tissot. It considers some of the issues of this theory to finding the best projections. Various criteria for ideal projections are analyzed. In finding an ideal projection using the Airy criterion for an arbitrary mapping region is solved by the variational method using the Euler–Ostrogradsky system of equations under natural boundary conditions. The same method is applied to a set of projections in which the sum of the extremal scale factors is equal to 2. It is shown that for these projections, the area distortions are quantities of the second order of smallness, while the linear distortions are quantities of the first order of smallness. The problem of finding the best projections using the Chebyshev criterion has been studied. Airy, Postel, Gauss–Kruger, and Markov projections are considered in detail.
Flattening The Earth
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Author : John P. Snyder
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1997-12-05
Flattening The Earth written by John P. Snyder and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-05 with History categories.
Cartographers have long grappled with the impossibility of portraying the earth in two dimensions. To solve this problem, mapmakers have created map projections. This work discusses and illustrates the known map projections from before 500BC to the present, with facts on their origins and use.
Choosing A Map Projection
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Author : Miljenko Lapaine
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-04-04
Choosing A Map Projection written by Miljenko Lapaine and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-04 with Science categories.
This book offers a much-needed critical approach to the intelligent use of the wide variety of map projections that are rapidly and inexpensively available today. It also discusses the distortions that are immanent in any map projection. A well-chosen map projection is one in which extreme distortions are smaller than those in any other projection used to map the same area and in which the map properties match its purpose. Written by leading experts in the field, including W. Tobler, F.C. Kessler, S.E. Battersby, M.P. Finn, K.C. Clarke, V.S. Tikunov, H. Hargitai, B. Jenny and N. Frančula. This book is designed for use by laymen. The book editors are M. Lapaine and E.L. Usery, Chair and Vice-Chair, respectively, of the ICA Commission on Map Projections for the period 2011-2015.
Map Projections
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Author : Erik W. Grafarend
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-09-11
Map Projections written by Erik W. Grafarend and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-11 with Science categories.
In the context of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) the book offers a timely review of Map Projections. The first chapters are of foundational type. We introduce the mapping from a left Riemann manifold to a right one specified as conformal, equiaerial and equidistant, perspective and geodetic. In particular, the mapping from a Riemann manifold to a Euclidean manifold ("plane") and the design of various coordinate systems are reviewed . A speciality is the treatment of surfaces of Gaussian curvature zero. The largest part is devoted to the mapping the sphere and the ellipsoid-of-revolution to tangential plane, cylinder and cone (pseudo-cone) using the polar aspect, transverse as well as oblique aspect. Various Geodetic Mappings as well as the Datum Problem are reviewed. In the first extension we introduce optimal map projections by variational calculus for the sphere, respectively the ellipsoid generating harmonic maps. The second extension reviews alternative maps for structures , namely torus (pneu), hyperboloid (cooling tower), paraboloid (parabolic mirror), onion shape (church tower) as well as clothoid (Hight Speed Railways) used in Project Surveying. Third, we present the Datum Transformation described by the Conformal Group C10 (3) in a threedimensional Euclidean space , a ten parameter conformal transformation. It leaves infinitesimal angles and distance ratios equivariant. Numerical examples from classical and new map projections as well as twelve appendices document the Wonderful World of Map Projections.
Map Projections
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Author : L M Bugayevskiy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-12-19
Map Projections written by L M Bugayevskiy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Map projection concerns the science of mathematical cartography, the techniques by which the Earth's dimensions, shape and features are translated in map form, be that two-dimensional paper or two- or three- dimensional electronic representations. The central focus of this book is on the theory of map projections. Mathematical cartography also take
Cartographic Science
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Author : Donald Fenna
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-10-25
Cartographic Science written by Donald Fenna and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Geographic books routinely introduce map projections without providing mathematical explanations of projections and few delve into complex mathematical development or cover the breadth of projections. From basic projecting to advanced transformations, Cartographic Science: A Compendium of Map Projections, with Derivations is a comprehensive reference that offers an explanation of the science of cartography. The book is a compilation of more than a hundred map projections, from classic conics to contemporary transformations using complex variables. Starting from widely described geometric projecting onto flat paper, cylinder, and cone and then progressing through several layers of mathematics to reach modern projections, the author maximizes the application of one layer of complex mathematics before continuing on to the next. He also supplies numerous one-page tutorials that review terms and methodologies, helping minimize the challenges of unfamiliar mathematical territory. Divided into four parts, the first section examines the shape and size of the Earth, then proceeds to investigate the means for relating the curved surface to a flat surface, and addresses scaling. It goes on to cover pertinent principles of projection including literal projecting, true but synthetic projections, secantal projections, pseudocylindrical projections, and pseudoconical projections, as well as the other variants of more serious projections. The book concludes by looking at factors influencing Mean Sea Level and notes the cartographic aspects of current developments. Cartographic Science: A Compendium of Map Projections, with Derivations explains the mathematical development for a large range of projections within a framework of the different cartographic methodologies. This carefully paced book covers more projections, with gentle and progressive immersion in the mathematics involved, than any other book of its kind.
Rhumb Lines And Map Wars
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Author : Mark Monmonier
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2010-11-15
Rhumb Lines And Map Wars written by Mark Monmonier and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-15 with Science categories.
In Rhumb Lines and Map Wars, Mark Monmonier offers an insightful, richly illustrated account of the controversies surrounding Flemish cartographer Gerard Mercator's legacy. He takes us back to 1569, when Mercator announced a clever method of portraying the earth on a flat surface, creating the first projection to take into account the earth's roundness. As Monmonier shows, mariners benefited most from Mercator's projection, which allowed for easy navigation of the high seas with rhumb lines—clear-cut routes with a constant compass bearing—for true direction. But the projection's popularity among nineteenth-century sailors led to its overuse—often in inappropriate, non-navigational ways—for wall maps, world atlases, and geopolitical propaganda. Because it distorts the proportionate size of countries, the Mercator map was criticized for inflating Europe and North America in a promotion of colonialism. In 1974, German historian Arno Peters proffered his own map, on which countries were ostensibly drawn in true proportion to one another. In the ensuing "map wars" of the 1970s and 1980s, these dueling projections vied for public support—with varying degrees of success. Widely acclaimed for his accessible, intelligent books on maps and mapping, Monmonier here examines the uses and limitations of one of cartography's most significant innovations. With informed skepticism, he offers insightful interpretations of why well-intentioned clerics and development advocates rallied around the Peters projection, which flagrantly distorted the shape of Third World nations; why journalists covering the controversy ignored alternative world maps and other key issues; and how a few postmodern writers defended the Peters worldview with a self-serving overstatement of the power of maps. Rhumb Lines and Map Wars is vintage Monmonier: historically rich, beautifully written, and fully engaged with the issues of our time.
Small Scale Map Projection Design
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Author : Frank Canters
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-02-21
Small Scale Map Projection Design written by Frank Canters and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-02-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The use of computers in cartography has made it easier for map makers to transform data from one map projection to another and experiment with alternative representations of geographical data. This has created new challenges and opportunities for map projection scientists. Small Scale Map Projection Design focuses on numerical map projection research and is written from the perspective of the map projection user. It demonstrates how advances in the measurement of map projection distortion and in the development of low error map projections can help map makers decide what type of map projection is best for their purpose, and shows how they can eventually design their own map projections.
Map Projections A Working Manual
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Author : John Parr Snyder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Map Projections A Working Manual written by John Parr Snyder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Map projection categories.
Under each of the projections described, the nonmathematical phases are presented first, without interruption by formulas. They are followed by the formulas and tables. Even with the mathematics, there are almost no derivations and very little calculus. The emphasis is on describing the characteristics of the projection and how it is used.
Map Projections
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Author : Erik W. Grafarend
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-12-31
Map Projections written by Erik W. Grafarend and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-12-31 with Science categories.
In the context of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) the book offers a timely review of map projections (sphere, ellipsoid, rotational surfaces) and geodetic datum transformations. For the needs of photogrammetry, computer vision, and remote sensing space projective mappings are reviewed.