Beyond Collective Action Problems
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Beyond Collective Action Problems
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Author : Atul Pokharel
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-02-16
Beyond Collective Action Problems written by Atul Pokharel and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-16 with Political Science categories.
Human history is full of examples of continuously maintained shared infrastructure. Our ability to survive and prosper depends on cooperation at some level, from the irrigation systems that enabled ancient humans to abandon their nomadic lifestyle to the free and open-source software that undergirds the internet. Thus, understanding the conditions under which community governance can be both equitable and sustainable is of critical importance to scholars and policymakers alike. In Beyond Collective Action Problems, Atul Pokharel argues that sustained cooperation depends on user perceptions that the cooperative arrangement is fair. Pokharel elaborates a different way to think about sustained cooperation over decades, based on a follow-up of 233 long-running community managed irrigation systems in Nepal--the same cases that were used to understand how groups can overcome collective action problems. Covering nearly forty years of history through these cases, Pokharel introduces the idea of fairness problems to capture the many forms in which the perceived fairness of a form of governance comes to matter to continued cooperation. As he shows, the longer individuals cooperate, the more they become aware of how far their cooperative arrangement has diverged from the initial promise of fairness. This perception of fairness affects their commitment to maintaining the shared resource and participating in the institutions for governing it. Highlighting why eventually perceived fairness matters to sustained cooperation, this book illustrates how the fairness problem underlies successful cooperation over time, making it necessary to look beyond collective action problems.
Collective Action
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Author : Russell Hardin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-12-03
Collective Action written by Russell Hardin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with Political Science categories.
Public choice, an important subdiscipline in the field of political theory, seeks to understand how people and societies make decisions affecting their collective lives. Relying heavily on theoretical models of decision making, public choice postulates that people act in their individual interests in making collective decisions. As it happens, however, reality does not mirror theory, and people often act contrary to what the principal public choice models suggest. In this book, Russell Hardin looks beyond the models to find out why people choose to act together in situations that the models find quite hopeless. He uses three constructs of modern political economy--public goods, the Prisoner's Dilemma, and game theory--to test public choice theories against real world examples of collective action. These include movements important in American society in the past few decades--civil rights, the Vietnam War, women's rights, and environmental concerns. This classic work on public choice will be of interest to theoreticians and graduate students in the fields of public choice, political economy, or political theory--and to those in other disciplines who are concerned with the problem of collective action in social contexts.
Beyond The Storms
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Author : Dane S Egli
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Beyond The Storms written by Dane S Egli and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Political Science categories.
This book deals with both actual and potential terrorist attacks on the United States as well as natural disaster preparedness and management in the current era of global climate change. The topics of preparedness, critical infrastructure investments, and risk assessment are covered in detail. The author takes the reader beyond counterterrorism statistics, better first responder equipment, and a fixation on FEMA grant proposals to a holistic analysis and implementation of mitigation, response, and recovery efforts. The recent Oklahoma tornadoes and West Texas storage tank explosion show the unpredictability of disaster patterns, and the Boston Marathon bombings expose the difficulty in predicting and preventing attacks. Egli makes a compelling case for a culture of resilience by asserting a new focus on interagency collaboration, public-private partnerships, and collective action. Building upon the lessons of the 9/11 attacks, hurricane Katrina, and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the basic findings are supported by a creative mix of case studies, which include superstorm Sandy, cascading power outages, GPS and other system vulnerabilities, and Japan's Fukushima disaster with its sobering aftermath. This book will help a new generation of leaders understand the need for smart resilience.
Beyond Politics
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Author : Michael P. Vandenbergh
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-12-21
Beyond Politics written by Michael P. Vandenbergh and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-21 with Business & Economics categories.
This book argues that government action alone will not prevent dangerous climate change, but that private governance can fill the gap.
Beyond Ideology
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Author : Frances E. Lee
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2009-12-15
Beyond Ideology written by Frances E. Lee and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-15 with Political Science categories.
The congressional agenda, Frances Lee contends, includes many issues about which liberals and conservatives generally agree. Even over these matters, though, Democratic and Republican senators tend to fight with each other. What explains this discord? Beyond Ideology argues that many partisan battles are rooted in competition for power rather than disagreement over the rightful role of government. The first book to systematically distinguish Senate disputes centering on ideological questions from the large proportion of them that do not, this volume foregrounds the role of power struggle in partisan conflict. Presidential leadership, for example, inherently polarizes legislators who can influence public opinion of the president and his party by how they handle his agenda. Senators also exploit good government measures and floor debate to embarrass opponents and burnish their own party’s image—even when the issues involved are broadly supported or low-stakes. Moreover, Lee contends, the congressional agenda itself amplifies conflict by increasingly focusing on issues that reliably differentiate the parties. With the new president pledging to stem the tide of partisan polarization, Beyond Ideology provides a timely taxonomy of exactly what stands in his way.
Beyond Shareholder Wealth Maximisation
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Author : Min Yan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-08
Beyond Shareholder Wealth Maximisation written by Min Yan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-08 with Business & Economics categories.
The corporate objective, namely, in whose interests a company should be run, is the most important theoretical and practical issue confronting us today, as this core objective animates or should animate every decision a company makes. Despite decades of debate, however, there is no consensus regarding what the corporate objective is or ought to be, but clarity on this issue is necessary in order to explain and guide corporate behaviour, as different objectives could lead to different analyses and solutions to the same corporate governance problem. In addition to the study on the corporate objective in Anglo-American jurisdictions, the discussion of this topic in the context of China is also very important on the grounds that China has become the second largest economy in the world and is playing an increasingly significant role in global affairs. Though a socialist state, China has also been relying heavily on the corporate vehicle as the most important business organisational form to ensure its rapid economic development since its market reforms in 1978. Adolf Berle and Gardiner Means’s observation made over eight decades ago that large public companies dominate the world remains true today, not only in the West but also in China. The regulation and governance of such companies will have a material impact on the further development of the Chinese economy, which could in turn directly affect the world economy. Company law and corporate governance therefore receive much attention and have become a vital issue in China. Although the current focus is primarily on corporate performance, the fundamental question at the heart of corporate governance, namely the corporate objective, is still unresolved. Contrary to the widely held belief that the corporate objective should be maximising shareholder wealth, this book seeks to demonstrate that the shareholder wealth maximisation approach is both descriptively inaccurate and normatively unsuitable. As an antithesis to it, stakeholder theory generally develops to be a more suitable substitute. Justifications and responses to its main criticisms are offered from descriptive, normative and instrumental aspects, whilst new techniques of balancing competing interests and more workable guidance for directors’ behaviour are brought forward as essential modifications. Along with the unique characteristics of socialist states, the stakeholder model is expected to find solid ground in China and guide the future development of corporate governance. This book will be important and useful to researchers and students of corporate law, corporate governance, business and management studies.
Beyond Treaties Rethinking Legal Mechanisms For International Climate Governance
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Author : Türkan Gülce Budak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-04-05
Beyond Treaties Rethinking Legal Mechanisms For International Climate Governance written by Türkan Gülce Budak and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-04-05 with Law categories.
This open access book examines the implications of the shift towards minilateralism for international climate law, analysing how climate-related trade measures and Paris Agreement compatible platforms may enhance global climate governance. The landscape of international climate change law is evolving from a traditional consensus-based treaty model, characterized by comprehensive yet often slow-moving agreements, toward a more pragmatic approach known as minilateralism. In this emerging paradigm, smaller groups of countries negotiate and implement trade measures aimed at mitigating climate impacts. An exemplary case is the European Green Deal, which introduces climate-related trade measures as a key instrument for achieving sustainability goals within and beyond Europe. Additionally, countries are exploring minilateral cooperation platforms within the Paris Agreement framework to further their climate objectives. The central questions to be addressed in this book are twofold. First, how can the design of the minilateral schemes comply with the Paris Agreement’s international cooperation, common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capacities, and market-based mechanisms principles? Second, to what extent does the climate-related trade measures conform with the WTO regime, particularly with the non-discrimination principles of the trade law, namely most favoured nation and national treatment?
Beyond The Area Studies Wars
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Author : Neil L. Waters
language : en
Publisher: UPNE
Release Date : 2000
Beyond The Area Studies Wars written by Neil L. Waters and has been published by UPNE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with History categories.
Experts in anthropology, geography, economics, political science, history, sociology, and language assess the present status of the field of international studies.
Law Beyond The State
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Author : Carmen E. Pavel
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-03-30
Law Beyond The State written by Carmen E. Pavel and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite growing skepticism about the value of international law and its compatibility with state sovereignty, states should improve and strengthen international law because it makes a critical contribution to an international order characterized by peace and justice. In recent years, international agreements and institutions have become particularly contentious. China is refusing to abide by the decision of an international arbitration decision implementing UNCLOS rules in the South China Sea, and Donald Trump has withdrawn the US from international agreements including the Paris Agreement on Climate Change of 2015. Such retreats expose widespread ambivalence towards cooperation through international law, and reverse the gains made by long-standing processes of legalization. In Law Beyond the State, Carmen Pavel responds to the ambivalent attitude states have with respect to international law by offering moral and legal reasons for them to improve, strengthen, and further institutionalize its capacity. She argues that the same reasons which support the development of law at the domestic level, namely the cultivation of peace, the protection of individual rights, the facilitation of complex forms of cooperation, and the resolution of collective action problems, also support the development of law at the international level. The argument thus engages in institutional moral reasoning. Pavel shows why it should matter to individuals that their states are part of a rule-governed international order. When states are bound by common rules of behavior, their citizens reap the benefits. International law encourages states to protect individual rights and provides a forum where they can communicate, negotiate, and compromise on their differences in order to protect themselves from outside interference and pursue their domestic policies more effectively, including those directed at enhancing their citizen's welfare. Thus, Pavel shows that international law makes a critical, irreplaceable, and defining contribution to an international order characterized by peace and justice. At a time when challenges of cooperation beyond state boundaries include climate change, health epidemics, and large-scale human rights violations, Law Beyond the State issues a powerful reminder of the tools we have to address them.
Feast Famine Or Fighting
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Author : Richard J. Chacon
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-01-20
Feast Famine Or Fighting written by Richard J. Chacon and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-20 with Social Science categories.
The advent of social complexity has been a longstanding debate among social scientists. Existing theories and approaches involving the origins of social complexity include environmental circumscription, population growth, technology transfers, prestige-based and interpersonal-group competition, organized conflict, perennial wartime leadership, wealth finance, opportunistic leadership, climatological change, transport and trade monopolies, resource circumscription, surplus and redistribution, ideological imperialism, and the consideration of individual agency. However, recent approaches such as the inclusion of bioarchaeological perspectives, prospection methods, systematically-investigated archaeological sites along with emerging technologies are necessarily transforming our understanding of socio-cultural evolutionary processes. In short, many pre-existing ways of explaining the origins and development of social complexity are being reassessed. Ultimately, the contributors to this edited volume challenge the status quo regarding how and why social complexity arose by providing revolutionary new understandings of social inequality and socio-political evolution.