Biogeochemistry Of Forested Catchments In A Changing Environment
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Biogeochemistry Of Forested Catchments In A Changing Environment
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Author : Egbert Matzner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Biogeochemistry Of Forested Catchments In A Changing Environment written by Egbert Matzner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
Forest ecosystems represent a major type ofland use in Germanyand in Europe. They provide a number of functions, or ecosystem services, beneficial to humans, namely biomass production, regulation of the water- and energy cyde, C and N sequestration, erosion control, recreation, and they act as habitat for numerous species. The stability of forest ecosystems in Europe as influenced by the deposition of air pollutants has been a matter of debate for more than 20 years. Besides atmospheric deposition, other environmental conditions affecting forest ecosystems, such as temperature, CO content of the atmosphere 2 and precipitation, have significantly changed in the past and continue to change in the future. Quantifying and predicting the effects of these changes on ecosys tem functioning are achallenge to ecosystem research and also a requirement to establish sustainable use of forest ecosystems in the future. This book summarizes results of long-term, interdisciplinary ecosystem research conducted in two forested catchments and coordinated at the Bayreuth Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research (BITÖK), University of Bayreuth, Germany. It does not aim to summarize all the research of BITÖ K in the past decade, which would go far beyond the studies in these two catch ments. Instead, we concentrate here on the long-term developments in the biogeochemistry of carbon and mineral elements and on the water cyde, at both the plot and the catchment scale.
Biogeochemistry Of Small Catchments
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Author : International Council of Scientific Unions. Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994-04-26
Biogeochemistry Of Small Catchments written by International Council of Scientific Unions. Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-04-26 with Nature categories.
Distinguished multinational contributors present research of small catchments to examine a variety of environmental problems, especially those of acidification, forest management and land-use changes. Divided into two parts, it introduces theoretical concepts followed by a review of atmospheric deposition and evaluation of weathering and erosion processes. The second half deals with the methodology of the given discipline, stressing novel approaches and discussing problems.
Stream Ecosystems In A Changing Environment
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Author : Jeremy B. Jones
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-07-07
Stream Ecosystems In A Changing Environment written by Jeremy B. Jones and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-07 with Science categories.
Stream Ecosystems in a Changing Environment synthesizes the current understanding of stream ecosystem ecology, emphasizing nutrient cycling and carbon dynamics, and providing a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change. Each chapter includes a section focusing on anticipated and ongoing dynamics in stream ecosystems in a changing environment, along with hypotheses regarding controls on stream ecosystem functioning. The book, with its innovative sections, provides a bridge between papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and the findings of researchers in new areas of study. Presents a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change Provides a synthesis of the latest findings on stream ecosystems ecology in one concise volume Includes thought exercises and discussion activities throughout, providing valuable tools for learning Offers conceptual models and hypotheses to stimulate conversation and advance research
Biogeochemistry Of A Forested Ecosystem
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Author : Gene E. Likens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Biogeochemistry Of A Forested Ecosystem written by Gene E. Likens and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
When we originally published Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem in 1977, the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) had been in existence for 14 years, and we included data through 1974, or a biogeo chemical record of 11 years. Now our continuous, long-term biogeo chemical records cover more than 31 years, and there have been many changes. The most notable change, however, is that three of our coauthors on the original volume are now deceased. They are deeply missed in so many ways. In spite of the longer records, different trends, and new insights, we believe that the basic concepts and approaches we presented in 1977 represent the most valuable contribution of the original edition. They are still valid and useful, particularly for an introductory study of, or course in, biogeochemistry. Our goal in this revision is to preserve these fea tures, correct errors, and revise or eliminate misleading or ambiguous short-term data (11 years!), while maintaining approximately the original length and the modest cost.
Biogeochemistry Of A Forested Ecosystem
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Author : Gene E. Likens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-08-13
Biogeochemistry Of A Forested Ecosystem written by Gene E. Likens and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-13 with Science categories.
The goal of this Third Edition is to update long-term data presented in earlier editions and to generate new syntheses and conclusions about the biogeochemistry of the Hubbard Brook Valley based on these longer-term data. There have been many changes, revelations, and exciting new insights generated from the longer data records. For example, the impact of acid rain peaked during the period of the HBES and is now declining. The longer-term data also posed challenges in that very marked changes in fluxes occurred in some components, such as hydrogen ion and sulfate deposition, calcium and nitrate export in stream water and biomass accumulation, during the almost 50 years of record. Thus, presenting “mean” or “average” conditions for many components for such a long period, when change was so prominent, do not make sense. In some cases, pentads or decades of time are compared to show these changes in a more smoothed and rational way for this long period. In some cases, a single period, often during periods of rapid change, such as acidification, is used to illustrate the main point(s). And, for some elements a unique mass balance approach, allowing the calculation of the Net Ecosystem Flux (NEF), is shown on an annual basis throughout the study.
Ecosystem Biogeochemistry
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Author : Christopher S. Cronan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-10-05
Ecosystem Biogeochemistry written by Christopher S. Cronan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-05 with Science categories.
This textbook presents a comprehensive process-oriented approach to biogeochemistry that is intended to appeal to readers who want to go beyond a general exposure to topics in biogeochemistry, and instead are seeking a holistic understanding of the interplay of biotic and environmental drivers in the cycling of elements in forested watersheds. The book is organized around a core set of ecosystem processes and attributes that collectively help to generate the whole-system structure and function of a terrestrial ecosystem. In the first nine chapters, a conceptual framework is developed based on distinct soil, microbial, plant, atmospheric, hydrologic, and geochemical processes that are integrated in the element cycling behavior of watershed ecosystems. With that conceptual foundation in place, students then proceed to the final three chapters where they are challenged to think critically about integrated element cycling patterns; roles for biogeochemical models; the likely impacts of disturbance, stress, and management on watershed biogeochemistry; and linkages among patterns and processes in watersheds experiencing novel environmental changes. Included with the text are figures, tables of comparative data, extensive literature citations, a glossary of terms, an index, and a set of 24 biogeochemical problems with answers. The problems are intended to support chapter concepts and to demonstrate how critical thinking skills, simple algebra, and thoughtful human logic can be used to solve applied problems in biogeochemistry that might be encountered by a research scientist or a resource manager. Using this book as an introduction to biogeochemistry, students will achieve a level of subject mastery and disciplinary perspective that will permit them to see and to interpret the individual components, interactions, and synergies that are represented in the dynamic element cycling patterns of watershed ecosystems.
Forest Hydrology And Biogeochemistry
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Author : Delphis F. Levia
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-15
Forest Hydrology And Biogeochemistry written by Delphis F. Levia and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-15 with Science categories.
This international rigorously peer-reviewed volume critically synthesizes current knowledge in forest hydrology and biogeochemistry. It is a one-stop comprehensive reference tool for researchers and practitioners in the fields of hydrology, biogeoscience, ecology, forestry, boundary-layer meteorology, and geography. Following an introductory chapter tracing the historical roots of the subject, the book is divided into the following main sections: · Sampling and Novel Approaches · Forest Hydrology and Biogeochemistry by Ecoregion and Forest Type · Hydrologic and Biogeochemical Fluxes from the Canopy to the Phreatic Surface · Hydrologic and Biogeochemical Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems: Effects of Time, Stressors, and Humans The volume concludes with a final chapter that reflects on the current state of knowledge and identifies some areas in need of further research.
Functioning And Management Of European Beech Ecosystems
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Author : Rainer Brumme
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-08-07
Functioning And Management Of European Beech Ecosystems written by Rainer Brumme and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-07 with Science categories.
Temperate forests cover large areas of Europe and perform a number of important functions such as the regulation of energy and matter, production of wood and other resources, and conservation of biodiversity and habitats; they also have special signi?cance in social and cultural contexts. Initiated in 1960s, the ?rst International Biological Program (IBP) focused on ‘‘the biological basis of productivity and human welfare. ’’ As the German contribution to the IBP, ecosystem research has been carried out since 1966 in the Solling area (Ellenberg H. , Ecological Studies 2, 1971), an upland region in Northwest Germany. This study provided clear evidence that the stability of forest ecosystems was threatened by the high inputs of at- spheric pollutants. This promoted many interdisciplinary research programs which were coordinated by Prof. Dr. Bernhard Ulrich and the Forest Ecosystems Research Center of the University of Go ̈ttingen. This involved, in addition to the Solling site, the establishment of two other sites for long-term monitoring of ecosystem pro- ̈ cesses. The two contrasting sites were established in 1980 at Gottinger Wald on base-rich calcareous soil and in 1989 at Zierenberg on volcanic soil. These projects were funded initially by the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology (BMBF) as interdisciplinary projects under the titles: ‘‘Conditions of Stability of Forest Ecosystems’’ (1989–1993), and ‘‘Dynamics of Forest Ecos- tems’’ (1993–1998). The primary goal of these studies was to quantify the ecolo- cal condition of forests in a changing environment and element ?uxes.
Energy And Matter Fluxes Of A Spruce Forest Ecosystem
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Author : Thomas Foken
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-27
Energy And Matter Fluxes Of A Spruce Forest Ecosystem written by Thomas Foken and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-27 with Science categories.
This book focuses on fluxes of energy, carbon dioxide and matter in and above a Central European spruce forest. The transition from a forest affected by acid rain into a heterogeneous forest occurred as a result of wind throw, bark beetles and climate change. Scientific results obtained over the last 20 years at the FLUXNET site DE-Bay (Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen) are shown together with methods developed at the site, including the application of footprint models for data-quality analysis, the coupling between the trunk space and the atmosphere, the importance of the Damköhler number for trace gas studies, and the turbulent conditions at a forest edge. In addition to the many experimental studies, the book also applies model studies such as higher-order closure models, Large-Eddy Simulations, and runoff models for the catchment and compares them with the experimental data. Moreover, by highlighting processes in the atmosphere it offers insights into the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. It is of interest to ecologists, micrometeorologists and ecosystem modelers.
Landscape Ecological Applications In Man Influenced Areas
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Author : Sun-Kee Hong
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-29
Landscape Ecological Applications In Man Influenced Areas written by Sun-Kee Hong and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-29 with Science categories.
Landscape Ecological Applications in Man-Influenced Areas not only expands the concept of landscape ecology, but also applies its principles to man-influenced ecosystems. New dimensions of landscape ecological research in a global change such as urbanization, biodiversity, and land transformation are explored in this book. The book also includes case studies concerning landscape analysis and evaluation using spatial analysis and landscape modelling for establishing sustainable management strategy in urban and agricultural landscapes.