Biological Emergences
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Biological Emergences
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Author : Robert G. B. Reid
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2009-08-21
Biological Emergences written by Robert G. B. Reid and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-21 with Science categories.
A critique of selectionism and the proposal of an alternate theory of emergent evolution that is causally sufficient for evolutionary biology. Natural selection is commonly interpreted as the fundamental mechanism of evolution. Questions about how selection theory can claim to be the all-sufficient explanation of evolution often go unanswered by today's neo-Darwinists, perhaps for fear that any criticism of the evolutionary paradigm will encourage creationists and proponents of intelligent design. In Biological Emergences, Robert Reid argues that natural selection is not the cause of evolution. He writes that the causes of variations, which he refers to as natural experiments, are independent of natural selection; indeed, he suggests, natural selection may get in the way of evolution. Reid proposes an alternative theory to explain how emergent novelties are generated and under what conditions they can overcome the resistance of natural selection. He suggests that what causes innovative variation causes evolution, and that these phenomena are environmental as well as organismal. After an extended critique of selectionism, Reid constructs an emergence theory of evolution, first examining the evidence in three causal arenas of emergent evolution: symbiosis/association, evolutionary physiology/behavior, and developmental evolution. Based on this evidence of causation, he proposes some working hypotheses, examining mechanisms and processes common to all three arenas, and arrives at a theoretical framework that accounts for generative mechanisms and emergent qualities. Without selectionism, Reid argues, evolutionary innovation can more easily be integrated into a general thesis. Finally, Reid proposes a biological synthesis of rapid emergent evolutionary phases and the prolonged, dynamically stable, non-evolutionary phases imposed by natural selection.
The Emergence Of Life
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Author : Pier Luigi Luisi
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-07-13
The Emergence Of Life written by Pier Luigi Luisi and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-07-13 with Science categories.
The origin of life from inanimate matter has been the focus of much research for decades, both experimentally and philosophically. Luisi takes the reader through the consecutive stages from prebiotic chemistry to synthetic biology, uniquely combining both approaches. This book presents a systematic course discussing the successive stages of self-organisation, emergence, self-replication, autopoiesis, synthetic compartments and construction of cellular models, in order to demonstrate the spontaneous increase in complexity from inanimate matter to the first cellular life forms. A chapter is dedicated to each of these steps, using a number of synthetic and biological examples. With end-of-chapter review questions to aid reader comprehension, this book will appeal to graduate students and academics researching the origin of life and related areas such as evolutionary biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics and natural sciences.
Beem
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Author : Raju Pookottil
language : en
Publisher: Troubador Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2013-02-01
Beem written by Raju Pookottil and has been published by Troubador Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-01 with Science categories.
Biological Emergence - Based Evolutionary Mechanism. How species direct their own evolution.
Emergence And Modularity In Life Sciences
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Author : Lars H. Wegner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-12
Emergence And Modularity In Life Sciences written by Lars H. Wegner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-12 with Science categories.
This book focuses on modules and emergence with self-organization in the life sciences. As Aristotle observed so long ago, the whole is more than the sum of its parts. However, contemporary science is dominated by reductionist concepts and tends to neglect the non-reproducible features of complex systems, which emerge from the interaction of the smaller units they are composed of. The book is divided into three major parts; the essays in part A highlight the conceptual basis of emergence, linking it to the philosophy of science, systems biology and sustainability. This is subsequently exemplified in part B by applying the concept of emergence to various biological disciplines, such as genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, plant physiology and ecology. New aspects of emergence come into play when biology meets the technical sciences, as revealed in a chapter on bionics. In turn, part C adopts a broader view, revealing how the organization of life follows a hierarchical order in terms of scalar dimensions, ranging from the molecular level to the entire biosphere. The idea that life is primarily and exclusively shaped by processes at the molecular level (and, in particular, by the information encoded in the genome) is refuted; rather, there is no hierarchy with respect to the level of causation in the cross-talk between the levels. In the last two chapters, the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing complexity in living systems is interpreted in terms of the Gaia hypothesis sensu Lovelock: the entire biosphere is viewed as a functional unit (or ‘holobiont-like system’) organized to develop and sustain life on Earth.
The Re Emergence Of Emergence
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Author : Philip Clayton
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2006-06-30
The Re Emergence Of Emergence written by Philip Clayton and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-30 with Religion categories.
Much of the modern period was dominated by a `reductionist' theory of science. On this view, to explain any event in the world is to reduce it down to fundamental particles, laws, and forces. In recent years reductionism has been dramatically challenged by a radically new paradigm called `emergence'. According to this new theory, natural history reveals the continuous emergence of novel phenomena: new structures and new organisms with new causal powers. Consciousness is yet one more emergent level in the natural hierarchy. Many theologians and religious scholars believe that this new paradigm may offer new insights into the nature of God and God's relation to the world. This volume introduces readers to emergence theory, outlines the major arguments in its defence, and summarizes the most powerful objections against it. Written by experts but suitable as an introductory text, these essays provide the best available presentation of this exciting new field and its potentially momentous implications.
Evolution And Emergence
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Author : William R. Stoeger
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-04-05
Evolution And Emergence written by William R. Stoeger and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-05 with Religion categories.
A collection of essays by experts in the field, exploring how nature works at every level to produce more complex and highly organized objects, systems, and organisms from much simpler components, and how our increasing understanding of this universal phenomenon of emergence can lead us to a deeper and richer appreciation of who we are as human beings and of our relationship to God. Several chapters introduce the key philosophical ideas about reductionism and emergence, while others explore the fascinating world of emergent phenomena in physics, biology, and the neurosciences. Finally there are contributions probing the meaning and significance of these findings for our general description of the world and ourselves in relation to God, from philosophy and theology. The collection as a whole will extend the mutual creative interaction among the sciences, philosophy, and theology.
Emergence In Complex Cognitive Social And Biological Systems
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Author : Gianfranco Minati
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Emergence In Complex Cognitive Social And Biological Systems written by Gianfranco Minati and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
The systems movement is made up of many systems societies as well as of disciplinary researchers and researches, explicitly or implicitly focusing on the subject of systemics, officially introduced in the scientific community fifty years ago. Many researches in different fields have been and continue to be sources of new ideas and challenges for the systems community. To this regard, a very important topic is the one of EMERGENCE. Between the goals for the actual and future systems scientists there is certainly the definition of a general theory of emergence and the building of a general model of it. The Italian Systems Society, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sui Sistemi (AIRS), decided to devote its Second National Conference to this subject. Because AIRS is organized under the form of a network of researchers, institutions, scholars, professionals, and teachers, its research activity has an impact at different levels and in different ways. Thus the topic of emergence was not only the focus of this conference but it is actually the main subject of many AIRS activities.
Emergence
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Author : Paul Humphreys
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-14
Emergence written by Paul Humphreys and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-14 with Philosophy categories.
Interest in emergence amongst philosophers and scientists has grown in recent years, yet the concept continues to be viewed with skepticism by many. In this book, Paul Humphreys argues that many of the problems arise from a long philosophical tradition that is overly committed to synchronic reduction and has been overly focused on problems in philosophy of mind. He develops a novel account of diachronic ontological emergence called transformational emergence, shows that it is free of the problems raised against synchronic accounts, shows that there are plausible examples of transformational emergence within physics and chemistry, and argues that the central ideas fit into a well established historical tradition of emergence that includes John Stuart Mill, G.E. Moore, and C.D. Broad. The book also provides a comprehensive assessment of current theories of emergence and so can be used as a way into what is by now a very large literature on the topic. It places theories of emergence within a plausible classification, provides criteria for emergence, and argues that there is no single unifying account of emergence. Reevaluations of related topics in metaphysics are provided, including fundamentality, physicalism, holism, methodological individualism, and multiple realizability, among others. The relations between scientific and philosophical conceptions of emergence are assessed, with examples such as self-organization, ferromagnetism, cellular automata, and nonlinear systems being discussed. Although the book is written for professional philosophers, simple and intuitively accessible examples are used to illustrate the new concepts.
The Emergence Of Biological Organization
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Author : Henry Quastler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
The Emergence Of Biological Organization written by Henry Quastler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with categories.
The Emergence Of Everything
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Author : Harold J. Morowitz
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2004
The Emergence Of Everything written by Harold J. Morowitz and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Philosophy categories.
A leading scientist in the study of complexity offers a tour of the universe that highlights twenty-eight moments of emergenceùsignificant events that transcended their own causesùcovering such developments as the birth of the elements, the appearance of the solar system, and the invention of technology. (Science & Mathematics)
