Biological Soil Crusts Structure Function And Management
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Biological Soil Crusts Structure Function And Management
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Author : Jayne Belnap
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Biological Soil Crusts Structure Function And Management written by Jayne Belnap and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
In arid lands, where vegetation is sparse or absent, the open ground is not bare but generally covered by a community of small, highly specialized organisms. Cyanobacteria, algae, microfungi, lichens, and bryophytes aggregate soil particles to form a coherent skin - the biological soil crust. It stabilizes and protects the soil surface from erosion by wind and water, influences water runoff and infiltration, and contributes nitrogen and carbon to desert soils. Soil surface disturbance, such as heavy livestock grazing, human trampling or off-road vehicles, breaks up the fragile soil crust, thus compromising its stability, structure, and productivity. This book is the first synthesis of the biology of soil crusts and their importance as an ecosystem component. Composition and functioning of different soil-crust types are discussed, and case studies are used to show the impact of crusts on landscape hydrology, soil stability, nutrient cycles, and land management.
Biological Soil Crusts
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Author : Jayne Belnap
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-09-01
Biological Soil Crusts written by Jayne Belnap and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-01 with categories.
Biological Soil Crusts An Organizing Principle In Drylands
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Author : Bettina Weber
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-21
Biological Soil Crusts An Organizing Principle In Drylands written by Bettina Weber and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-21 with Nature categories.
This volume summarizes our current understanding of biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which are omnipresent in dryland regions. Since they cover the soil surface, they influence, or even control, all surface exchange processes. Being one of the oldest terrestrial communities, biocrusts comprise a high diversity of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens and bryophytes together with uncounted bacteria, and fungi. The authors show that biocrusts are an integral part of dryland ecosystems, stabilizing soils, influencing plant germination and growth, and playing a key role in carbon, nitrogen and water cycling. Initial attempts have been made to use biocrusts as models in ecological theory. On the other hand, biocrusts are endangered by local disruptions and global change, highlighting the need for enhanced recovery methods. This book offers a comprehensive overview of the fascinating field of biocrust research, making it indispensable not only for scientists in this area, but also for land managers, policy makers, and anyone interested in the environment.
Ecological Development And Functioning Of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural And Human Disturbances
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Author : Vincent John Martin Noah Linus Felde
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-09-02
Ecological Development And Functioning Of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural And Human Disturbances written by Vincent John Martin Noah Linus Felde and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-02 with Science categories.
The Fungal Community
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Author : John Dighton
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2005-05-24
The Fungal Community written by John Dighton and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-05-24 with Science categories.
The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem, Third Edition addresses many of the questions related to the observations, characterizations, and functional attributes of fungal assemblages and their interaction with the environment and other organisms. This edition promotes awareness of the functional methods of classification over taxonomic methods, and approaches the concept of fungal communities from an ecological perspective, rather than from a fungicentric view. It has expanded to examine issues of global and local biodiversity, the problems associated with exotic species, and the debate concerning diversity and function. The third edition also focuses on current ecological discussions - diversity and function, scaling issues, disturbance, and invasive species - from a fungal perspective. In order to address these concepts, the book examines the appropriate techniques to identify fungi, calculate their abundance, determine their associations among themselves and other organisms, and measure their individual and community function. This book explains attempts to scale these measures from the microscopic cell level through local, landscape, and ecosystem levels. The totality of the ideas, methods, and results presented by the contributing authors points to the future direction of mycology.
The Biology Of Arid Soils
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Author : Blaire Steven
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-07-24
The Biology Of Arid Soils written by Blaire Steven and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-24 with Nature categories.
Soils have been called the most complex microbial ecosystems on Earth. A single gram of soil can harbor millions of microbial cells and thousands of species. However, certain soil environments, such as those experiencing dramatic change exposing new initial soils or that are limited in precipitation, limit the number of species able to survive in these systems. In this respect, these environments offer unparalleled opportunities to uncover the factors that control the development and maintenance of complex microbial ecosystems. This book collects chapters that discuss the abiotic factors that structure arid and initial soil communities as well as the diversity and structure of the biological communities in these soils from viruses to plants.
Microorganisms In Soils Roles In Genesis And Functions
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Author : Francois Buscot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-04
Microorganisms In Soils Roles In Genesis And Functions written by Francois Buscot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-04 with Nature categories.
For this third volume of the series Soil Biology, internationally renowned scientists shed light on the significant roles of microbes in soil. Key topics covered include: bioerosion, humification, mineralization and soil aggregation; Interactions in the mycorrhizosphere; microbes and plant nutrient cycling; Microbes in soil surface or toxic metal polluted soils; Use of marker genes and isotopes in soil microbiology, and many more.
Interpretation Of Micromorphological Features Of Soils And Regoliths
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Author : Georges Stoops
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-09-17
Interpretation Of Micromorphological Features Of Soils And Regoliths written by Georges Stoops and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-17 with Science categories.
Interpretation of Micromorphological Features of Soils and Regoliths, Second Edition, provides researchers and students with a tool for interpreting features observed in soil thin sections and through submicroscopic studies. After an introduction and general overview, micromorphological aspects of regoliths (e.g., saprolites, transported materials) are highlighted, followed by a systematic and coherent discussion of the micromorphological expression of various pedogenic processes. The book is written by an international team of experts in the field, using a uniform set of concepts and terminology, making it a valuable interdisciplinary reference work. The following topics are treated: freeze-thaw features, redoximorphic features, calcareous and gypsiferous formations, textural features, spodic and oxic horizons, volcanic materials, organic matter, surface horizons, laterites, surface crusts, salt minerals, biogenic and pedogenic siliceous materials, other authigenic silicates, phosphates, sulphidic and sulphuric materials, and features related to faunal activity. The last chapters address anthropogenic features,archaeological materials and palaeosoils. Updates the first exhaustive publication on interpretation of micromorphological features, with some new chapters and with a larger number of additional references Covers related topics, making micromorphology more attractive and accessible for geomorphologists, archaeologists and quaternary geologists Includes thematic treatment of a range of soil micromorphology fields and broadens its applications Features input from a multi-disciplinary team, ensuring thorough coverage of topics related to soil science, archaeology and geomorphology
Terrestrial Cryptogams Of Pinyon Juniper Woodlands In The Southwestern United States
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Author : Juanita A. R. Ladyman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Terrestrial Cryptogams Of Pinyon Juniper Woodlands In The Southwestern United States written by Juanita A. R. Ladyman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Cryptogams categories.
Guidelines For Soil Description
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2006
Guidelines For Soil Description written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soils are affected by human activities, such as industrial, municipal and agriculture, that often result in soil degradation and loss. In order to prevent soil degradation and to rehabilitate the potentials of degraded soils, reliable soil data are the most important prerequisites for the design of appropriate land-use systems and soil management practices as well as for a better understanding of the environment. The availability of reliable information on soil morphology and other characteristics obtained through examination and description of the soil in the field is essential, and the use of a common language is of prime importance. These guidelines, based on the latest internationally accepted systems and classifications, provide a complete procedure for soil description and for collecting field data. To help beginners, some explanatory notes are included as well as keys based on simple test and observations.--Publisher's description.