Biological Vision
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Seeing Second Edition
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Author : John P. Frisby
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2010-04-02
Seeing Second Edition written by John P. Frisby and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-02 with Psychology categories.
An accessible yet rigorous and generously illustrated exploration of the computational approach to the study of biological vision. Seeing has puzzled scientists and philosophers for centuries and it continues to do so. This new edition of a classic text offers an accessible but rigorous introduction to the computational approach to understanding biological visual systems. The authors of Seeing, taking as their premise David Marr's statement that “to understand vision by studying only neurons is like trying to understand bird flight by studying only feathers,” make use of Marr's three different levels of analysis in the study of vision: the computational level, the algorithmic level, and the hardware implementation level. Each chapter applies this approach to a different topic in vision by examining the problems the visual system encounters in interpreting retinal images and the constraints available to solve these problems; the algorithms that can realize the solution; and the implementation of these algorithms in neurons. Seeing has been thoroughly updated for this edition and expanded to more than three times its original length. It is designed to lead the reader through the problems of vision, from the common (but mistaken) idea that seeing consists just of making pictures in the brain to the minutiae of how neurons collectively encode the visual features that underpin seeing. Although it assumes no prior knowledge of the field, some chapters present advanced material. This makes it the only textbook suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students that takes a consistently computational perspective, offering a firm conceptual basis for tackling the vast literature on vision. It covers a wide range of topics, including aftereffects, the retina, receptive fields, object recognition, brain maps, Bayesian perception, motion, color, and stereopsis. MatLab code is available on the book's website, which includes a simple demonstration of image convolution.
Biological Vision
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Author : James T. Fulton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Biological Vision written by James T. Fulton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
After applying the principles of visual science to military reconnaissance andintelligence for many years, the author has prepared a tutorial integrating themany fundamental mechanisms underlying the visual capability found in theanimal kingdom.He shows that multicolor vision has been found in the animal kingdom fromthe beginning (for at least 500 million years) and that vision is generallytetrachromatic. He shows that human vision follows this general plan, althoughits spectral performance is partially blocked by the absorption inherent in the lensof the eye. As a result, the human can be considered a blocked tetrachromat; inthe vernacular but unscientifi cally, a trichromat.He provides an extensive series of circuit diagrams, from those defi ning theelectrical performance of individual neurons, synapses and Nodes of Ranvier tocomplete diagrams integrating all of the major visual circuits of the eyes and thebrain.The fundamental mechanisms and physiology associated with the photoreceptorcell of the eye are developed in detail, including the precise chemical compositionof the four chromophores of vision. The concept of an ion-pump is defi ned interms of the underlying electrostenolytic process for the fi rst time. It is shownthat glutamic acid (glutamate) is the primary energy source powering the neuralsystems of all animals.The key elements of the midbrain involved in reading are described for the fi rsttime.The book closes with a variety of fi gures describing the spatial and chromaticperformance of the human visual system. Additional fi gures, an extensive glossary,an expanded tabulation of the parameters of the human eye, and more than 1000references are available at the associated website, www.4colorvision.com.
An Introduction To The Biology Of Vision
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Author : James T. McIlwain
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996-11-28
An Introduction To The Biology Of Vision written by James T. McIlwain and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-11-28 with Medical categories.
This textbook is intended for use in a course for undergraduate students in biology, neuroscience or psychology who have had an introductory course on the structure and function of the nervous system. Its primary purpose is to provide a working vocabulary and knowledge of the biology of vision and to acquaint students with the major themes in biological vision research. Part I treats the eye as an image-forming organ and provides an overview of the projections from the retina to key visual structures of the brain. Part II examines the functions of the retina and its central projections in greater detail, building on the introductory material of Part I. Part III treats certain special topics in vision that require this detailed knowledge of the structure and properties of the retina and visual projections.
Artificial And Biological Vision Systems
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Author : Guy A. Orban
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Artificial And Biological Vision Systems written by Guy A. Orban and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Artificial intelligence categories.
Artificial And Biological Vision Systems
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Author : Guy A. Orban
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1992
Artificial And Biological Vision Systems written by Guy A. Orban and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Computers categories.
As is true with most areas of Artificial Intelligence, there is real need for a symbiotic relationship between the biological and artificial - a need for problems to be viewed from many different angles, and particularly so in the study of vision. The INSIGHT consortium is taking steps in this direction. In a traditional sense, the papers in this volume are represented by the areas of neuroscience, psychophysics and traditional computer vision. However, to gain deeper insight into vision processes, it is the interaction of scientific ideas from these areas that is essential. The scope of the topics discussed has a definite interdisciplinary flavour: at one end of the spectrum we have experiments performed and direct measurement of the responses of neurons to visual stimuli; at the other end we have the mathematical and computational aspects of optical flow (the relative motion between observer and object) and approaches of tackling vision through binocular disparities (stereopsis). Traditional edge detection (essential for the initial classification of shape) is also covered as is the study of natural texture patterns that occur on object surfaces. A fundamental aim of the Basic Research part of the ESPRIT programme is the pro duction and maintenance of a pool of research expertise in Europe, from which both fur ther research and industry can draw. As the authors state in their preface, this project has not only succesfully merged the talents of senior researchers from different backgrounds, but also brought many young ones along.
Biologically Inspired Computer Vision
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Author : Gabriel Cristobal
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-08-20
Biologically Inspired Computer Vision written by Gabriel Cristobal and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
As the state-of-the-art imaging technologies became more and more advanced, yielding scientific data at unprecedented detail and volume, the need to process and interpret all the data has made image processing and computer vision increasingly important. Sources of data that have to be routinely dealt with today's applications include video transmission, wireless communication, automatic fingerprint processing, massive databanks, non-weary and accurate automatic airport screening, robust night vision, just to name a few. Multidisciplinary inputs from other disciplines such as physics, computational neuroscience, cognitive science, mathematics, and biology will have a fundamental impact in the progress of imaging and vision sciences. One of the advantages of the study of biological organisms is to devise very different type of computational paradigms by implementing a neural network with a high degree of local connectivity. This is a comprehensive and rigorous reference in the area of biologically motivated vision sensors. The study of biologically visual systems can be considered as a two way avenue. On the one hand, biological organisms can provide a source of inspiration for new computational efficient and robust vision models and on the other hand machine vision approaches can provide new insights for understanding biological visual systems. Along the different chapters, this book covers a wide range of topics from fundamental to more specialized topics, including visual analysis based on a computational level, hardware implementation, and the design of new more advanced vision sensors. The last two sections of the book provide an overview of a few representative applications and current state of the art of the research in this area. This makes it a valuable book for graduate, Master, PhD students and also researchers in the field.
Biological And Computer Vision
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Author : Gabriel Kreiman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-02-04
Biological And Computer Vision written by Gabriel Kreiman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-04 with Computers categories.
This book introduces neural mechanisms of biological vision and how artificial intelligence algorithms learn to interpret images.
Exploratory Vision
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Author : Michael S. Landy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Exploratory Vision written by Michael S. Landy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Advances in sensing, signal processing, and computer technology during the past half century have stimulated numerous attempts to design general-purpose ma chines that see. These attempts have met with at best modest success and more typically outright failure. The difficulties encountered in building working com puter vision systems based on state-of-the-art techniques came as a surprise. Perhaps the most frustrating aspect of the problem is that machine vision sys tems cannot deal with numerous visual tasks that humans perform rapidly and effortlessly. In reaction to this perceived discrepancy in performance, various researchers (notably Marr, 1982) suggested that the design of machine-vision systems should be based on principles drawn from the study of biological systems. This "neuro morphic" or "anthropomorphic" approach has proven fruitful: the use of pyramid (multiresolution) image representation methods in image compression is one ex ample of a successful application based on principles primarily derived from the study of biological vision systems. It is still the case, however, that the perfor of computer vision systems falls far short of that of the natural systems mance they are intended to mimic, suggesting that it is time to look even more closely at the remaining differences between artificial and biological vision systems.
Vision And Brain
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Author : James V. Stone
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-09-14
Vision And Brain written by James V. Stone and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-14 with Psychology categories.
An engaging introduction to the science of vision that offers a coherent account of vision based on general information processing principles In this accessible and engaging introduction to modern vision science, James Stone uses visual illusions to explore how the brain sees the world. Understanding vision, Stone argues, is not simply a question of knowing which neurons respond to particular visual features, but also requires a computational theory of vision. Stone draws together results from David Marr's computational framework, Barlow's efficient coding hypothesis, Bayesian inference, Shannon's information theory, and signal processing to construct a coherent account of vision that explains not only how the brain is fooled by particular visual illusions, but also why any biological or computer vision system should also be fooled by these illusions. This short text includes chapters on the eye and its evolution, how and why visual neurons from different species encode the retinal image in the same way, how information theory explains color aftereffects, how different visual cues provide depth information, how the imperfect visual information received by the eye and brain can be rescued by Bayesian inference, how different brain regions process visual information, and the bizarre perceptual consequences that result from damage to these brain regions. The tutorial style emphasizes key conceptual insights, rather than mathematical details, making the book accessible to the nonscientist and suitable for undergraduate or postgraduate study.
Visual Ecology
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Author : Thomas W. Cronin
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-08-10
Visual Ecology written by Thomas W. Cronin and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-10 with Science categories.
A comprehensive treatment of visual ecology Visual ecology is the study of how animals use visual systems to meet their ecological needs, how these systems have evolved, and how they are specialized for particular visual tasks. Visual Ecology provides the first up-to-date synthesis of the field to appear in more than three decades. Featuring some 225 illustrations, including more than 140 in color, spread throughout the text, this comprehensive and accessible book begins by discussing the basic properties of light and the optical environment. It then looks at how photoreceptors intercept light and convert it to usable biological signals, how the pigments and cells of vision vary among animals, and how the properties of these components affect a given receptor's sensitivity to light. The book goes on to examine how eyes and photoreceptors become specialized for an array of visual tasks, such as navigation, evading prey, mate choice, and communication. A timely and much-needed resource for students and researchers alike, Visual Ecology also includes a glossary and a wealth of examples drawn from the full diversity of visual systems. The most up-to-date overview of visual ecology available Features some 225 illustrations, including more than 140 in color, spread throughout the text Guides readers from the basic physics of light to the role of visual systems in animal behavior Includes a glossary and a wealth of real-world examples