Birgit S Consequences
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Language And Power The Implications Of Language For Peace And Development
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Author : Birgit Brock-Utne
language : en
Publisher: African Books Collective
Release Date : 2008-12-31
Language And Power The Implications Of Language For Peace And Development written by Birgit Brock-Utne and has been published by African Books Collective this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-31 with Education categories.
Language is a tool used to express thoughts, to hide thoughts or to hide lack of thoughts. It is often a means of domination. The question is who has the power to define the world around us. This book demonstrates how language is being manipulated to form the minds of listeners or readers. Innocent words may be used to conceal a reality which people would have reacted to had the phenomena been described in a straightforward manner. The nice and innocent concept "cost sharing", which leads our thoughts to communal sharing and solidarity, may actually imply privatization. The false belief that the best way to learn a foreign language is to have it as a language of instruction actually becomes a strategy for stupidification of African pupils. In this book 33 independent experts from 16 countries in the North and the South show how language may be used to legitimize war-making, promote Northern interests in the field of development and retain colonial speech as languages of instruction, languages of the courts and in politics. The book has been edited by two Norwegians: Birgit Brock-Utne is a professor at the University of Oslo and a consultant in education and development. From 1987 until 1992 she was a professor at the University of Dar es Salaam. Gunnar Garbo, author and journalist and former member of the Norwegian Parliament, was the Norwegian Ambassador to Tanzania from 1987 to 1992.
Regimes Of Responsibility In Africa
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Author : Benjamin Rubbers
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2019-10-03
Regimes Of Responsibility In Africa written by Benjamin Rubbers and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-03 with Political Science categories.
Regimes of Responsibility in Africa analyses the transformations that discourses and practices of responsibility have undergone in Africa. By doing so, this collection develops a stronger grasp of the specific political, economic and social transformations taking place today in Africa. At the same time, while focusing on case studies from the African continent, the work enters into a dialogue with the emerging corpus of studies in the field of ethics, adding to it a set of analytical perspectives that can help further enlarge its theoretical and geographical scope.
Cognitive And Affective Control
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Author : Gilles Pourtois
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
Cognitive And Affective Control written by Gilles Pourtois and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Traditionally, cognition and emotion are seen as separate domains that are independent at best and in competition at worst. The French scientist and philosopher Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) famously said “Le coeur a ses raisons que la raison ne connaît point” (The heart has its reasons that reason does not know). Over the last century, however, psychologists and neuroscientists have increasingly appreciated their very strong reciprocal connections and interactions. Initially this was demonstrated in cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory, and decision making. For instance, an emotional stimulus captures attention (e.g., Anderson & Phelps, 2001). Likewise, emotional stimuli are better learned and remembered than neutral ones (e.g., McGaugh, 1990) and they can provide strong incentives to bias decision making (Bechara et al., 1997). In more recent years, cognitive control has also been found to be intimately intertwined with emotion. This is consistent with an approach that considers cognitive control as an adaptive learning process (Braver & Cohen, 1999), reinforcement learning in particular (Holroyd & Coles, 2002; Verguts & Notebaert, 2009). From this perspective, cognitive control is not a cool encapsulated executive function, but instead involves rapidly calculating the value of situational, contextual, and action cues (Rushworth & Behrens, 2008) for the purpose of adapting the cognitive system toward future optimal performance. A wide array of research has shed light on cognitive control and its interactions with affect or motivation. Behaviorally, important phenomena include how people respond to difficult stimuli (e.g., incongruent stimuli, task switches), negative feedback, or errors and how this influences subsequent task processing. Neurally, an important target structure has been the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its connections to traditional “emotional” (e.g., amygdala) and “cognitive” areas (e.g., (pre)motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). ACC seems to play a predominant role in integrating distant effects from remote cognitive and emotion systems in order to guide and optimize behavior. The current special issue focuses on the bi-directional link between emotion and cognitive control. We invite studies that investigate the influence from emotion on cognitive control, or vice versa, the influence of cognitive control on emotion. Contributions can be of different types: We welcome empirical contributions (behavioral or neuroscientific) but also computational modeling, theory, or review papers. By bringing together researchers from the traditionally separated domains, we hope to further stimulate the crosstalk between emotion and cognitive control, and thus to deepen our understanding of both.
Public Understanding Of Science
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Public Understanding Of Science written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Electronic journals categories.
An international journal of research in the public dimensions of science and technology.
Altruism Narcissism Comity
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Author : Nathaniel Pallone
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-30
Altruism Narcissism Comity written by Nathaniel Pallone and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-30 with Psychology categories.
How does the sense of basic fairness--or selflessness versus selfishness--arise? How is it exhibited behaviorally? How is it maintained? Few topics hold more contemporary significance or have proved more elusive to specification in precise scientific terms. Current research perspectives on altruism, narcissism, and comity by distinguished behavioral scientists from around the world were brought together in a special issue of Current Psychology (Summer 1998) and are offered here in a useful compendium. Chapters and contributors include: "Equity, Justice, and Altruism" by Graham F. Wagstaff; "Reactions to the Fate of One's Brainchild After Its Disclosure" by Sidney Rosen and Shannon Wheatman; "Need Norm, Demographic Influence, Social Role, and Justice Judgment" by Helen E. Linkey and Sheldon Alexander; "Adaptive and Maladaptive Narcissism" by Robert W. Hill and Greg Yousey; "Perceptions of Self-Oriented and Other-Oriented Help-Providers" by Mark A. Barnett, Guy D. Vitaglione, Jeffrey S. Bartel, Birgit S. Valdez, Lee Ann Steadman, and Kimberly K. G. Harper; and "Pathological Narcissism and Serial Homicide" by Louis B. Schlesinger. Altruism, Narcissism, Comity will benefit students, researchers, and practitioners in the psychological sciences, sociology, political science, philosophy, law, and other disciplines concerned with the nature of selflessness, heroism, justice, and their variants.
Promoting Psychological Wellbeing In Children And Families
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Author : Bruce Kirkcaldy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-06-30
Promoting Psychological Wellbeing In Children And Families written by Bruce Kirkcaldy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-30 with Psychology categories.
Psychology's contribution to health research and clinical practice continues to grow at a phenomenal pace. In this book a global and multidisciplinary selection of outstanding academics and clinicians focus on the psychological well-being and positive health of both children and families in order to 'depathologise' mental disorders.
How To Enhance Learning Efficiency When Online Learning Is Popular And Indispensable Theory Research And Practice
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Author : Rong Lian
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-07-17
How To Enhance Learning Efficiency When Online Learning Is Popular And Indispensable Theory Research And Practice written by Rong Lian and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-17 with Science categories.
Online learning has become more and more common globally, whether for comfort, adapting to work hours or just having the freedom to study from anywhere. And now under the coronavirus pandemic, as people are having to stay at home, it has become more important than ever. Although the popularity of wireless network and portable smart device makes it possible for people to acquire and learn knowledge anytime and anywhere, it does not necessarily mean an increased learning performance. Relevant research in cognitive science has revealed possible limitations in online learning. For example, the knowledge acquired through online learning tends to be fragmented and lacks guidance for integrated thinking among different subjects, which makes it difficult for learners to form a systematic knowledge structure. Learners may experience cognitive overload, metacognitive illusion and low learning efficiency in self-regulated learning. It follows that, in the post COVID-19 era, online learning puts forward new requirements and challenges to the contemporary students, not only to their learning strategies but positive character traits in learning. Most of the current learning theories were developed in the early 20th century and may not fit in well with the current situation, then possibly leading to inefficient learning and increased learning burden. Therefore, it is necessary and important to reexplore the influencing factors and mechanisms that affect the learning efficiency of students at all levels nowadays, based on which we could construct a theoretical model of efficient learning model.
Urban Nature
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Author : Michelle L. Cocks
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-15
Urban Nature written by Michelle L. Cocks and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-15 with Architecture categories.
This book showcases the diversity of ways in which urban residents from varying cultural contexts view, interact, engage with and give meaning to urban nature, aiming to counterbalance the dominance of Western depictions and values of urban nature and design. Urban nature has up to now largely been defined, planned and managed in a way that is heavily dominated by Western understandings, values and appreciations, which has spread through colonialism and globalisation. As cities increasingly represent a diversity of cultures, and urban nature is being increasingly recognised as contributing to residents' wellbeing, belonging and overall quality of life, it is important to consider the numerous ways in which urban nature is understood and appreciated. This collection of case studies includes examples from Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America, and reflects on the multi-dimensional aspects of engagements with urban nature through a biocultural diversity lens. The chapters cover several themes such as how engagements with nature contribute to a sense of wellbeing and belonging; the implications that diversity has on the provision, design and management of urban environments; and the threats inhibiting residents’ abilities to engage meaningfully with nature. The book challenges the dominant discourse, Western ideological understandings and meta-narratives of modernisation and unilineal urban transitions. A timely addition to the literature, Urban Nature: Enriching Belonging, Wellbeing and Bioculture offers an alternative to Western ideological understandings of nature and values and will be of great interest to those working in human and environmental urban ecology. It will also be key reading for students in the relevant fields of anthropology, development studies, geography, social ecology and urban studies.
Informationsgesellschaft
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Author : Gérald Berthoud
language : en
Publisher: Saint-Paul
Release Date : 2005
Informationsgesellschaft written by Gérald Berthoud and has been published by Saint-Paul this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Communication categories.
Taking Tourism To The Limits
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Author : Michelle Aicken
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2006-08-11
Taking Tourism To The Limits written by Michelle Aicken and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-08-11 with Business & Economics categories.
The concept of margins and limits is often referred to within the tourism academic literature and includes subjects as diverse as carrying capacities, peripheral economies, technological advancement, adventure tourism, dark tourism and socially marginalized communities. After identifying a number of ways in which ‘limits’ might be defined Taking Tourism to the Limits explores concepts and challenges facing contemporary tourism in five main sections, namely in tourism planning and management, nature based tourism, dark tourism, adventure and sport tourism and the accommodation industry. Drawing upon case studies, current research and conceptualizations these different facets of the ‘limits’ are each introduced by the editors with commentaries that seek to identify themes and current practice and thinking in the respective domains. The picture that emerges is of an industry that reinvents itself in response to changing market parameters even while core issues of stakeholder equities and political processes remain problematic. International in scale, the book links with its companion piece Indigenous Tourism – the commodification and management of culture (also published by Elsevier) as an outcome of the very highly successful conference, Taking Tourism to the Limits hosted by the University of Waikato’ Department of Tourism Management in 2003.