Breathing Race Into The Machine
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Breathing Race Into The Machine
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Author : Lundy Braun
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 2014-02-01
Breathing Race Into The Machine written by Lundy Braun and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-01 with Medical categories.
How race became embedded in a medical instrument In the antebellum South, plantation physicians used a new medical device—the spirometer—to show that lung volume and therefore vital capacity were supposedly less in black slaves than in white citizens. At the end of the Civil War, a large study of racial difference employing the spirometer appeared to confirm the finding, which was then applied to argue that slaves were unfit for freedom. What is astonishing is that this example of racial thinking is anything but a historical relic. In Breathing Race into the Machine, science studies scholar Lundy Braun traces the little-known history of the spirometer to reveal the social and scientific processes by which medical instruments have worked to naturalize racial and ethnic differences, from Victorian Britain to today. Routinely a factor in clinical diagnoses, preemployment physicals, and disability estimates, spirometers are often “race corrected,” typically reducing normal values for African Americans by 15 percent. An unsettling account of the pernicious effects of racial thinking that divides people along genetic lines, Breathing Race into the Machine helps us understand how race enters into science and shapes medical research and practice. Honorable Mention, 2017 Rachel Carson Prize, Society for the Social Studies of Science Winner of the 2018 Ludwik Fleck Prize from the Society for Social Studies of Science
Breathing Race Into The Machine
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Author : Lundy Braun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-02-01
Breathing Race Into The Machine written by Lundy Braun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-01 with Medical categories.
In the antebellum South, plantation physicians used a new medical deviceOCothe spirometerOCoto show that lung volume and therefore vital capacity were supposedly less in black slaves than in white citizens. At the end of the Civil War, a large study of racial difference employing the spirometer appeared to confirm the finding, which was then applied to argue that slaves were unfit for freedom. What is astonishing is that this example of racial thinking is anything but a historical relic. In "Breathing Race into the Machine," science studies scholar Lundy Braun traces the little-known history of the spirometer to reveal the social and scientific processes by which medical instruments have worked to naturalize racial and ethnic differences, from Victorian Britain to today. Routinely a factor in clinical diagnoses, preemployment physicals, and disability estimates, spirometers are often OC race corrected, OCO typically reducing normal values for African Americans by 15 percent. An unsettling account of the pernicious effects of racial thinking that divides people along genetic lines, "Breathing Race into the Machine" helps us understand how race enters into science and shapes medical research and practice. "
Whiteout
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Author : Helena Hansen
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2025-02-11
Whiteout written by Helena Hansen and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-11 with Family & Relationships categories.
The first critical analysis of how Whiteness drove the opioid crisis. In the past two decades, media images of the surprisingly white "new face" of the US opioid crisis abounded. But why was the crisis so white? Some argued that skyrocketing overdoses were "deaths of despair" signaling deeper socioeconomic anguish in white communities. Whiteout makes the counterintuitive case that the opioid crisis was the product of white racial privilege as well as despair. Anchored by interviews, data, and riveting firsthand narratives from three leading experts--an addiction psychiatrist, a policy advocate, and a drug historian--Whiteout reveals how a century of structural racism in drug policy, and in profit-oriented medical industries led to mass white overdose deaths. The authors implicate racially segregated health care systems, the racial assumptions of addiction scientists, and relaxed regulation of pharmaceutical marketing to white consumers. Whiteout is an unflinching account of how racial capitalism is toxic for all Americans.
The Idea Of Development In Africa
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Author : Corrie Decker
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-10-29
The Idea Of Development In Africa written by Corrie Decker and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-29 with Business & Economics categories.
An engaging history of how the idea of development has shaped Africa's past and present encounters with the West.
Sweetness In The Blood
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Author : James Doucet-Battle
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 2021-03-16
Sweetness In The Blood written by James Doucet-Battle and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-16 with Medical categories.
A bold new indictment of the racialization of science Decades of data cannot be ignored: African American adults are far more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes than white adults. But has science gone so far in racializing diabetes as to undermine the search for solutions? In a rousing indictment of the idea that notions of biological race should drive scientific inquiry, Sweetness in the Blood provides an ethnographic picture of biotechnology’s framings of Type 2 diabetes risk and race and, importantly, offers a critical examination of the assumptions behind the recruitment of African American and African-descent populations for Type 2 diabetes research. James Doucet-Battle begins with a historical overview of how diabetes has been researched and framed racially over the past century, chronicling one company’s efforts to recruit African Americans to test their new diabetes risk-score algorithm with the aim of increasing the clinical and market value of the firm’s technology. He considers African American reticence about participation in biomedical research and examines race and health disparities in light of advances in genomic sequencing technology. Doucet-Battle concludes by emphasizing that genomic research into sub-Saharan ancestry in fact underlines the importance of analyzing gender before attempting to understand the notion of race. No disease reveals this more than Type 2 diabetes. Sweetness in the Blood challenges the notion that the best approach to understanding, managing, and curing Type 2 diabetes is through the lens of race. It also transforms how we think about sugar, filling a neglected gap between the sugar- and molasses-sweetened past of the enslaved African laborer and the high-fructose corn syrup- and corporate-fed body of the contemporary consumer-laborer.
Dr Nurse
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Author : Dominique A. Tobbell
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-12-28
Dr Nurse written by Dominique A. Tobbell and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-28 with Medical categories.
An analysis of the efforts of American nurses to establish nursing as an academic discipline and nurses as valued researchers in the decades after World War II. Nurses represent the largest segment of the U.S. health care workforce and spend significantly more time with patients than any other member of the health care team. Dr. Nurse probes their history to examine major changes that have taken place in American health care in the second half of the twentieth century. The book reveals how federal and state health and higher education policies shaped education within health professions after World War II. Starting in the 1950s, academic nurses sought to construct a science of nursing—distinct from that of the related biomedical or behavioral sciences—that would provide the basis for nursing practice. Their efforts transformed nursing’s labor into a valuable site of knowledge production and proved how the application of their knowledge was integral to improving patient outcomes. Exploring the knowledge claims, strategies, and politics involved as academic nurses negotiated their roles and nursing’s future, Dr. Nurse highlights how state-supported health centers have profoundly shaped nursing education and health care delivery.
Early Modern Liveness
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Author : Danielle Rosvally
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2023-01-26
Early Modern Liveness written by Danielle Rosvally and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-26 with Drama categories.
What does it mean for early modern theatre to be 'live'? How have audiences over time experienced a sense of 'liveness'? This collection extends discussions of liveness to works from the 16th and 17th centuries, both in their initial incarnations and contemporary adaptations. Drawing on theatre and performance studies, as well as media theory, this volume uses the concept of liveness to consider how early modern theatre – including non-Western and non-traditional performance – employs embodiment, materiality, temporality and perception to impress on its audience a sensation of presence. The volume's contributors adopt varying approaches and cover a range of topics from material and textual studies, to early modern rehearsal methods, to digital and VR theatre, to the legacy of Shakespearean performance in global theatrical repertoires. This collection uses both early modern and contemporary performance practices to challenge our understanding of live performance. Productions and adaptions discussed include the Royal Shakespeare Company's Dream (2021), CREW's Hands on Hamlet (2017), Kit Monkman's Macbeth (2018), Arslanköy Theatre Company's Kraliçe Lear (2019), and a season of productions by the Original Practice Shakespeare Festival. Early Modern Liveness looks beyond theatrical events as primary sites of interpretive authority and examines the intimate and ephemeral experience of encountering early modern theatre in its diverse manifestations.
Testing Fate
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Author : Shelley Z. Reuter
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 2016-08-17
Testing Fate written by Shelley Z. Reuter and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-17 with Social Science categories.
In today’s world, responsible biocitizenship has become a new way of belonging in society. Individuals are expected to make “responsible” medical choices, including the decision to be screened for genetic disease. Paradoxically, we have even come to see ourselves as having the right to be responsible vis-à-vis the proactive mitigation of genetic risk. At the same time, the concept of genetic disease has become a new and powerful way of defining the boundaries between human groups. Tay-Sachs, an autosomal recessive disorder, is a case in point—with origins in the period of Eastern European Jewish immigration to the United States and United Kingdom that spanned the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it has a long and fraught history as a marker of Jewish racial difference. In Testing Fate, Shelley Z. Reuter asks: Can the biocitizen, especially one historically defined as a racialized and pathologized Other, be said to be exercising authentic, free choice in deciding whether to undertake genetic screening? Drawing on a range of historical and contemporary examples—doctors’ medical reports of Tay-Sachs since the first case was documented in 1881, the medical field’s construction of Tay-Sachs as a disease of Jewish immigrants, YouTube videos of children with Tay-Sachs that frame the disease as tragic disability avoidable through a simple genetic test, and medical malpractice suits since the test for the disease became available—Reuter shows that true agency in genetic decision-making can be exercised only from a place of cultural inclusion. Choice in this context is in fact a kind of unfreedom—a moral duty to act that is not really agency at all.
Edinburgh Companion To The Critical Medical Humanities
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Author : Whitehead Anne Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Release Date : 2016-06-14
Edinburgh Companion To The Critical Medical Humanities written by Whitehead Anne Whitehead and has been published by Edinburgh University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-14 with Literary Criticism categories.
Original critical engagements at the intersection of the biomedical sciences, arts, humanities and social sciencesIn this landmark Companion, expert contributors from around the world map out the field of the critical medical humanities. This is the first volume to comprehensively introduce the ways in which interdisciplinary thinking across the humanities and social sciences might contribute to, critique and develop medical understanding of the human individually and collectively. The thirty-six newly commissioned chapters range widely within and across disciplinary fields, always alert to the intersections between medicine, as broadly defined, and critical thinking. Each chapter offers suggestions for further reading on the issues raised, and each section concludes with an Afterword, written by a leading critic, outlining future possibilities for cutting-edge work in this area.Key FeaturesOffers an introduction to the second wave of the field of the medical humanitiesPositions the humanities not as additive to medicine but as making a decisive intervention into how health, medicine and clinical care might think about individual, subjective and embodied experienceExemplifies the commitment of the critical medical humanities to genuinely interdisciplinary thinking by stimulating multi-disciplinary dialogue around key areas of debate within the fieldPresents thirty-six original chapters from leading and emergent scholars in the field, who are defining its new critical edge
Athletic Activism
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Author : Jeffrey Montez de Oca
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2023-08-08
Athletic Activism written by Jeffrey Montez de Oca and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-08 with Social Science categories.
Rooted in a global, transnational perspective, Athletic Activism: Global Perspectives on Social Transformation demonstrates how athletic activism can not only impact global discourse about inequity across various social location, but foster institutional change that advances social justice.