Breeding For Robustness In Cattle
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Breeding For Robustness In Cattle
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Author : Marija Klopcic
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-09-04
Breeding For Robustness In Cattle written by Marija Klopcic and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The past decade has revealed unfavourable trends in e.g. fertility, udder health and locomotion in some major dairy cattle breeds due to a large increase in production and insufficient consideration of functional traits in the breeding goals. Such unfavourable trends in some functional traits increase costs. Additionally, the enlargement of herds leads to less available labour time per individual cow. This asks for cows that are easy to handle. At the same time, society is demanding a higher welfare standard of animals. These contradicting developments have increased the desire for so called more robust animals. Robustness can be defined as 'the ability to maintain homeostasis in commonly accepted and sustainable herds of the near future'; or 'the ability of the cow to function well in the environment she lives in as well as in a wide range of climates and production systems'. This book contains a series of articles (26) dealing with the concept of robustness, including aspects like evolution, genetics, environment, animal health and welfare, and integrity. Besides the major functional traits also the links to energy balance, hot climatic conditions, and the attitude and input of stakeholders towards robustness as part of the breeding program are discussed. This book is the first attempt to summarise the available knowledge concerning this topic in cattle, making this book unique. The contributions are from authors of 16 countries from all over the world. However, the focus is presently on farm animal level, while in future robustness of the whole production system may also require additional attention.
Improving Animal Welfare Through Genetic Selection
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Author : Wendy Mercedes Rauw
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-07-12
Improving Animal Welfare Through Genetic Selection written by Wendy Mercedes Rauw and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-12 with Genetics categories.
In livestock species, breeding goals are aimed primarily at improvement of production traits. However, there are a number of examples where selection for high production efficiency has resulted in reduced welfare through unfavorable outcomes in health and fitness characteristics. These effects raise questions about what is ethically acceptable in animal breeding. Welfare problems may be experienced when physiological balance is disturbed by genetic selection for high production alone, by a mismatch between the environmental challenges and the range of coping responses available to an animal, or from a mismatch between the animal’s needs and their degree of satisfaction. This may be resolved by either improving the environment to support the animal, but also by providing the animal, through genetic selection, with means to adapt to the production environment. The Standing Committee of the European Convention for the Protection of Animals kept for Farming Purposes emphasizes that breeding goals should include health and welfare. The Farm Animal Welfare Council pleas for a greater emphasis in breeding programs on traits associated with good welfare. However, although breeding goals in most farm animal species have been broadened beyond production traits to include functional traits, behavioral traits are rarely included despite their potential to improve animal production and welfare. It is the goal of the present Research Topic to bring together experimental and theoretical research focusing on the genetics of welfare traits and the possibility to improve animal welfare through selection. This topic presents an overview of the relationship between selection for high production and livestock robustness, examples of improving robustness through the introduction of novel traits in livestock breeding, and a discussion on selection methods to address welfare issues. The discussion on sustainability of breeding practices is very alive today and will remain to be an important part of the debate in the future.
Animal Breeding Welfare And Society
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Author : Jacky Turner
language : en
Publisher: Earthscan
Release Date : 2010
Animal Breeding Welfare And Society written by Jacky Turner and has been published by Earthscan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Nature categories.
The determination of when, how, how often and with whom an animal breeds is moving rapidly away from evolutionary pressures and towards human purposes: these include the breeding of around 50 billion mammals and birds for food production annually, the breeding of pedigree dogs and cats, racing dogs and horses, specialised laboratory animal strains and the use of reproductive science to conserve endangered species or breeds and to limit unwanted populations of pests and non-native species. But the ethics and sustainability of this takeover of animals' reproductive lives have been insufficiently examined by either professionals or the public. This book discusses the methods, the motivations and the consequences of human intervention in animal breeding in terms of animal health, behaviour and well-being. It explores where we are now and the choices ahead, and looks to a future where we have more respect for animals as sentient beings and where we could loosen the reins of reproductive control.
Biological Robustness
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Author : Marta Bertolaso
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-04
Biological Robustness written by Marta Bertolaso and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-04 with Science categories.
This volume reviews examples and notions of robustness at several levels of biological organization. It tackles many philosophical and conceptual issues and casts an outlook on the future challenges of robustness studies in the context of a practice-oriented philosophy of science. The focus of discussion is on concrete case studies. These highlight the necessity of a level-dependent description of robust biological behaviors.Experts from the neurosciences, biochemistry, ecology, biology, and the history and the philosophy of life sciences provide a multiplex perspective on the topic. Contributions span from protein folding, to cell-level robustness, to organismal and developmental robustness, to sensorimotor systems, up to the robustness of ecological systems.Several chapters detail neurobiological case-studies. The brain, the poster child of plasticity in biology, offers multiple examples of robustness. Neurobiology explores the importance of temporal organization and multiscalarity in making this robustness-with-plasticity possible. The discussion also includes structures well beyond the brain, such as muscles and the complex feedback loops involved in the peculiar robustness of music perception. Overall, the volume grounds general reflections upon concrete case studies, opening to all the life sciences but also to non-biological and bio-inspired fields such as post-modern engineering. It will appeal to researchers, students, as well as non-expert readers.
Advances In Organic Dairy Cattle Farming
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Author : Dr Mette Vaarst
language : en
Publisher: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing
Release Date : 2025-02-18
Advances In Organic Dairy Cattle Farming written by Dr Mette Vaarst and has been published by Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Highlights the potential role organic dairy farming can play in addressing some of the key challenges facing the dairy sector Considers how the one-welfare perspective can be utilised to optimise the welfare of calves, adult cows and the humans that care for them Shows how pasture-based production can contribute to improved cattle health and welfare, product quality and sustainability
Feed Efficiency In The Beef Industry
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Author : Rodney A. Hill
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-09-11
Feed Efficiency In The Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-11 with Science categories.
Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Improving Organic Animal Farming
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Author : Dr Mette Vaarst
language : en
Publisher: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing
Release Date : 2019-03-07
Improving Organic Animal Farming written by Dr Mette Vaarst and has been published by Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Reviews key challenges and solutions in improving the health and welfare of organic farm animals Addresses how organic livestock farming can build on smallholder systems such as pastoralism and agroforestry Includes case studies on improving organic farming of dairy and beef cattle, sheep and goats, pig and poultry
High Throughput Phenotyping In The Genomic Improvement Of Livestock
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Author : Fabyano Fonseca Silva
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-08-03
High Throughput Phenotyping In The Genomic Improvement Of Livestock written by Fabyano Fonseca Silva and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-03 with Science categories.
Sheep Breeding In Australia
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Author : Bruni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1890
Sheep Breeding In Australia written by Bruni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1890 with Merino sheep categories.
Advances In Sheep Welfare
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Author : Drewe Ferguson
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2017-08-15
Advances In Sheep Welfare written by Drewe Ferguson and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Advances in Sheep Welfare examines the recent advances made in sheep welfare assessment, handling and management, providing state-of-the-art coverage of the welfare needs of one of the world's most widely farmed animals. The book begins with an introduction to sheep welfare in Part One, with chapters covering biology and natural behavior, sheep production systems, and consumer and societal expectations for sheep products. Part Two goes on to highlight new advances in sheep welfare assessment, before Part Three outlines a wide range of solutions to sheep welfare challenges. The final section looks ahead to the future, considering what sheep welfare will look like in 2030 and beyond. This book is an essential part of the wider ranging series Advances in Farm Animal Welfare, with coverage of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry. With its expert editors and international team of contributors, Advances in Sheep Welfare is a key reference tool for welfare research scientists and students, veterinarians involved in welfare assessment, and indeed anyone with a professional interest in the welfare of sheep. - Brings together top researchers in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the understanding of sheep welfare and management - Presents part of a wider series, Advances in Agricultural Animal Welfare, which provides comprehensive coverage of animal welfare of the world's major farmed animals - Highlights current advances and looks ahead to how sheep welfare management will develop in the next ten to fifteen years