Britain S Second Embassy To China
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Britain S Second Embassy To China
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Author : Caroline Stevenson
language : en
Publisher: ANU Press
Release Date : 2021-02-01
Britain S Second Embassy To China written by Caroline Stevenson and has been published by ANU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-01 with History categories.
Lord Amherst’s diplomatic mission to the Qing Court in 1816 was the second British embassy to China. The first led by Lord Macartney in 1793 had failed to achieve its goals. It was thought that Amherst had better prospects of success, but the intense diplomatic encounter that greeted his arrival ended badly. Amherst never appeared before the Jiaqing emperor and his embassy was expelled from Peking on the day it arrived. Historians have blamed Amherst for this outcome, citing his over-reliance on the advice of his Second Commissioner, Sir George Thomas Staunton, not to kowtow before the emperor. Detailed analysis of British sources reveal that Amherst was well informed on the kowtow issue and made his own decision for which he took full responsibility. Success was always unlikely because of irreconcilable differences in approach. China’s conduct of foreign relations based on the tributary system required submission to the emperor, thus relegating all foreign emissaries and the rulers they represented to vassal status, whereas British diplomatic practice was centred on negotiation and Westphalian principles of equality between nations. The Amherst embassy’s failure revised British assessments of China and led some observers to believe that force, rather than diplomacy, might be required in future to achieve British goals. The Opium War of 1840 that followed set a precedent for foreign interference in China, resulting in a century of ‘humiliation’. This resonates today in President Xi Jinping’s call for ‘National Rejuvenation’ to restore China’s historic place at the centre of a new Sino-centric global order.
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China
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Author : Aeneas Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1795
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China written by Aeneas Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1795 with China categories.
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China In The Years 1792 1793 And 1794
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Author : Aeneas Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1795
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China In The Years 1792 1793 And 1794 written by Aeneas Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1795 with British categories.
News of Lord Macartney's embassy, the first British diplomatic mission to China, caused much excitement in Britain. Publishers were naturally keen to rush accounts into print as soon as possible and the present narrative, by Macartney's valet, was the first book describing the embassy to appear. It went through several editions, indicative of widespread popular interest, even if scholars and other writers consider that it lacks the gravitas of the authorised account published by Staunton in 1797, three years after the embassy's return.
Writing China
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Author : Peter J. Kitson
language : en
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Release Date : 2016
Writing China written by Peter J. Kitson and has been published by Boydell & Brewer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with History categories.
New essays on the cultural representations of the relationship between Britain and China in the nineteenth century, focusing on the Amherst diplomatic problem.
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China
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Author : George Staunton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-05-10
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China written by George Staunton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-10 with History categories.
A two-volume account of Britain's 1792 diplomatic mission to China, published in 1797 by a member of the delegation.
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China
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Author : George Leonard Staunton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1797
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China written by George Leonard Staunton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1797 with categories.
Notes Of Proceedings And Occurrences During The British Embassy To Pekin In 1816
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Author : Sir George Thomas Staunton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Notes Of Proceedings And Occurrences During The British Embassy To Pekin In 1816 written by Sir George Thomas Staunton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China In The Years 1792 1793 And 1794 By Neas Anderson With The Assistance Of William Combe Second Edition
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Author : Aeneas Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1796
A Narrative Of The British Embassy To China In The Years 1792 1793 And 1794 By Neas Anderson With The Assistance Of William Combe Second Edition written by Aeneas Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1796 with categories.
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China
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Author : George Macartney Macartney
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1797
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China written by George Macartney Macartney and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1797 with categories.
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China
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Author : Sir George Staunton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1797
An Authentic Account Of An Embassy From The King Of Great Britain To The Emperor Of China written by Sir George Staunton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1797 with China categories.