Building Up The Inhibitory Synapse

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Building Up The Inhibitory Synapse

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Author : Enrico Cherubini
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :

Building Up The Inhibitory Synapse written by Enrico Cherubini and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Fast inhibitory transmission exerts a powerful control on neuronal excitability and network oscillations thought to be associated with high cognitive functions. An alteration of inhibitory signaling is associated with major neurological and psychiatric disorders including epilepsy. Once released from presynaptic nerve terminals, GABA and glycine cross the synaptic cleft and bind to postsynaptic receptors localized in precise apposition to presynaptic release sites. The functional organization of inhibitory synapses consists in a dynamic process which relies on a number of highly specialized proteins that ensure the correct targeting, clustering, stabilization and subsequent fate of synaptic receptors. Among the proteins involved in this task, the tubulin-binding protein gephyrin plays a crucial role. Through its self-oligomerization properties, this protein forms hexagonal lattices that trap GABAA and glycine receptors and link them to the cytoskeleton. By directly interacting with cell-adhesion molecules of the neuroligin-neurexin families that connect presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons at synapses, gephyrin ensures a backward control of presynaptic signaling. In addition, changes in clusters size is dynamically regulated by lateral diffusion of neurotransmitter receptors between the synaptic and extrasynaptic compartments and by their interaction with synaptic scaffold proteins. The aim of this Research Topic (research articles and reviews) is to bring together experts on the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating the appropriate assembly, location and function of pre and postsynaptic specializations at inhibitory synapses. A particular emphasis will be on the role of receptor trafficking in synaptic stabilization and plasticity.

Cellular And Molecular Neurophysiology

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Author : Constance Hammond
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-12-30

Cellular And Molecular Neurophysiology written by Constance Hammond and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-30 with Medical categories.

Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, Fourth Edition, is the only up-to-date textbook on the market that focuses on the molecular and cellular physiology of neurons and synapses. Hypothesis-driven rather than a dry presentation of the facts, the book promotes a real understanding of the function of nerve cells that is useful for practicing neurophysiologists and students in a graduate-level course on the topic alike. This new edition explains the molecular properties and functions of excitable cells in detail and teaches students how to construct and conduct intelligent research experiments. The content is firmly based on numerous experiments performed by top experts in the field This book will be a useful resource for neurophysiologists, neurobiologists, neurologists, and students taking graduate-level courses on neurophysiology. - 70% new or updated material in full color throughout, with more than 350 carefully selected and constructed illustrations - Fifteen appendices describing neurobiological techniques are interspersed in the text

Biophysics Of Computation

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Author : Christof Koch
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2004-10-28

Biophysics Of Computation written by Christof Koch and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-10-28 with Medical categories.

Neural network research often builds on the fiction that neurons are simple linear threshold units, completely neglecting the highly dynamic and complex nature of synapses, dendrites, and voltage-dependent ionic currents. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons challenges this notion, using richly detailed experimental and theoretical findings from cellular biophysics to explain the repertoire of computational functions available to single neurons. The author shows how individual nerve cells can multiply, integrate, or delay synaptic inputs and how information can be encoded in the voltage across the membrane, in the intracellular calcium concentration, or in the timing of individual spikes.Key topics covered include the linear cable equation; cable theory as applied to passive dendritic trees and dendritic spines; chemical and electrical synapses and how to treat them from a computational point of view; nonlinear interactions of synaptic input in passive and active dendritic trees; the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation and propagation; phase space analysis; linking stochastic ionic channels to membrane-dependent currents; calcium and potassium currents and their role in information processing; the role of diffusion, buffering and binding of calcium, and other messenger systems in information processing and storage; short- and long-term models of synaptic plasticity; simplified models of single cells; stochastic aspects of neuronal firing; the nature of the neuronal code; and unconventional models of sub-cellular computation.Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons serves as an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in cellular biophysics, computational neuroscience, and neural networks, and will appeal to students and professionals in neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, and physics.

Cell Physiology

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Author : Nicholas Sperelakis
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22

Cell Physiology written by Nicholas Sperelakis and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.

A multi-authored and comprehensive text, Cell Physiology Source Book enables graduate students in various biological sub-disciplines to gain a thorough understanding of cell physiology. It begins with a reviewof the physical chemistry of solutions, protein structure, and membrane structure, and ends with an Appendix featuring reviews of electricity, electrochemistry, and cable properties of cells. In between, this book is loaded with information on membrane potentials, cell metabolism, signal transduction, transport physiology and pumps, membrane excitability and ion channels, synaptic transmission, sensory transduction, muscle contraction, excitation-contraction coupling, bioluminescence, photosynthesis, andplant cell physiology.This exhaustive work provides graduate students with detailed and authoritative coverage of nearly all aspects of cell physiology. Such broad coverage of this field within a single source makes for a unique text.Chapters written in a clear, concise, and didactic style, and appropriate reviews of basic physics and chemistry are among the many distinguishing features of this monumental treatise.Comprehensive source-book of cell physiologyAuthoritative and multi-authored by leading experts in the fieldUnique features include broad coverage and review of relevant physics, chemistry, and metabolismClear, concise, and didacticIncludes reviews of physical chemistry of solutions, protein structure, membrane structure, electrochemistry, and electricityTopic covered include plant cell physiology, photosynthesis, bioluminescence, effects of pressure, cilia, and flagellaeDetailed treatise on ion channels and their regulation

The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Memory

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Author : Howard Eichenbaum
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2012-01-12

The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Memory written by Howard Eichenbaum and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-12 with Medical categories.

Organized to provide a background to the basic cellular mechanisms of memory and by the major memory systems in the brain, this text offers an up-to-date account of our understanding of how the brain accomplishes the phenomenology of memory.

The Functional Role Of Critical Dynamics In Neural Systems

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Author : Nergis Tomen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-07-23

The Functional Role Of Critical Dynamics In Neural Systems written by Nergis Tomen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-23 with Science categories.

This book offers a timely overview of theories and methods developed by an authoritative group of researchers to understand the link between criticality and brain functioning. Cortical information processing in particular and brain function in general rely heavily on the collective dynamics of neurons and networks distributed over many brain areas. A key concept for characterizing and understanding brain dynamics is the idea that networks operate near a critical state, which offers several potential benefits for computation and information processing. However, there is still a large gap between research on criticality and understanding brain function. For example, cortical networks are not homogeneous but highly structured, they are not in a state of spontaneous activation but strongly driven by changing external stimuli, and they process information with respect to behavioral goals. So far the questions relating to how critical dynamics may support computation in this complex setting, and whether they can outperform other information processing schemes remain open. Based on the workshop “Dynamical Network States, Criticality and Cortical Function", held in March 2017 at the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies (HWK) in Delmenhorst, Germany, the book provides readers with extensive information on these topics, as well as tools and ideas to answer the above-mentioned questions. It is meant for physicists, computational and systems neuroscientists, and biologists.

Rebuilding Cerebellar Network Computations From Cellular Neurophysiology

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Author : Egidio D'Angelo
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :

Rebuilding Cerebellar Network Computations From Cellular Neurophysiology written by Egidio D'Angelo and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

This Research Topic is centered around the attempt to understand network activity of the brain by combining experimental and modeling techniques. A surprisingly rich set of new observations is emerging about the functions of the olivo-cerebellar cortical modules. This Research Topic will consider the critical elements of new emerging knowledge achieved using in vitro and in vivo techniques and the computational attempts at functional circuit reconstruction.

Creating Internet Intelligence

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Author : Ben Goertzel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Creating Internet Intelligence written by Ben Goertzel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.

Creating Internet Intelligence is an interdisciplinary treatise exploring the hypothesis that global computer and communication networks will one day evolve into an autonomous intelligent system, and making specific recommendations as to what engineers and scientists can do today to encourage and shape this evolution. A general theory of intelligent systems is described, based on the author's previous work; and in this context, the specific notion of Internet intelligence is fleshed out, in its commercial, social, psychological, computer-science, philosophical, and theological aspects. Software engineering work carried out by the author and his team over the last few years, aimed at seeding the emergence of Internet intelligence, is reviewed in some detail, including the Webmind AI Engine, a uniquely powerful Internet-based digital intelligence, and the Webworld platform for peer-to-peer distributed cognition and artificial life. The book should be of interest to computer scientists, philosophers, and social scientists, and more generally to anyone concerned about the nature of the mind, or the evolution of computer and Internet technology and its effect on human life.

Biology Of Communication

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Author : D. Brian. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Biology Of Communication written by D. Brian. Lewis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Social Science categories.

THE STUDY OF ANIMAL COMMUNICATION HAS TRADITIONALLY FORMED AN important part of the study of animal behaviour. In recent years it has tended to become a sub-field in its own right, attracting workers of varied interests; it is also receiving increasing attention at the undergraduate level. Another recent development is an area which has come to be known as neuroethology. The problem for the neuroethologist is that much of behaviour is not reliable or "reflex-like" in its expression. Communicative behaviour, on the other hand, often is, and here neurophysiology can make a significant contribution to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Some excellent texts on animal communication are available, as are collected essays on the neural substrates of specific behaviour patterns, but none of these provides a broad synthesis of concepts in neuro physiology and behaviour. The aim of this book is to draw attention to those areas where neurophysiology is relevant to the behaviourist. The book is not an introduction to animal behaviour or neurophysiology; some prior knowledge of these fields is assumed. It is the integration of these fields that we have attempted.

Neurobiology Of Learning And Memory

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Author : Raymond P. Kesner
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-07-13

Neurobiology Of Learning And Memory written by Raymond P. Kesner and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-13 with Psychology categories.

The first edition of Neurobiology of Learning and Memory was published in 1998 to rave reviews. As before, this second edition will discuss anatomy, development, systems, and models though the organization and content is substantially changed reflecting advances in the field. Including information from both animal and human studies, this book represents an up-to-date review of the most important concepts associated with the basic mechanism that support learning and memory, theoretical developments, use of computational models, and application to real world problems. The emphasis of each chapter will be the presentation of cutting-edge research on the topic, the development of a theoretical perspective, and providing an outline that will aid a student in understanding the most important concepts presented in the chapter. *New material covers basal ganglia, cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and fear conditioning*Additional information available on applied issues (i.e., degenerative disease, aging, and enhancement of memory)*Each chapter includes an outline to assist student understanding of challenging concepts*Four-color illustrations throughout