Business Networks In Syria
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Business Networks In Syria
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Author : Bassam Haddad
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-15
Business Networks In Syria written by Bassam Haddad and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-15 with Political Science categories.
Collusion between business communities and the state can lead to a measure of security for those in power, but this kind of interaction often limits new development. In Syria, state-business involvement through informal networks has contributed to an erratic economy. With unique access to private businessmen and select state officials during a critical period of transition, this book examines Syria's political economy from 1970 to 2005 to explain the nation's pattern of state intervention and prolonged economic stagnation. As state income from oil sales and aid declined, collusion was a bid for political security by an embattled regime. To achieve a modicum of economic growth, the Syrian regime would develop ties with select members of the business community, reserving the right to reverse their inclusion in the future. Haddad ultimately reveals that this practice paved the way for forms of economic agency that maintained the security of the regime but diminished the development potential of the state and the private sector.
Business Networks In Syria
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Author : Bassam S. A. Haddad
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2011-12-07
Business Networks In Syria written by Bassam S. A. Haddad and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-07 with Political Science categories.
Collusion between business communities and the state can lead to a measure of security for those in power, but this kind of interaction often limits new development. In Syria, state-business involvement through informal networks has contributed to an erratic economy. With unique access to private businessmen and select state officials during a critical period of transition, this book examines Syria's political economy from 1970 to 2005 to explain the nation's pattern of state intervention and prolonged economic stagnation. As state income from oil sales and aid declined, collusion was a bid for political security by an embattled regime. To achieve a modicum of economic growth, the Syrian regime would develop ties with select members of the business community, reserving the right to reverse their inclusion in the future. Haddad ultimately reveals that this practice paved the way for forms of economic agency that maintained the security of the regime but diminished the development potential of the state and the private sector.
Syria In Ruins
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Author : David S. Sorenson
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2016-09-19
Syria In Ruins written by David S. Sorenson and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-19 with History categories.
Syria is home to one of the most brutal and protracted civil wars in history, posing a threat to global stability and enabling the expansion of the Islamic State (sometimes called "ISIS"). This in-depth analysis reveals the beginning, present state, and future of this conflict. The current crises involving ISIS have attracted worldwide attention to the complex politics and cultural panorama of the Middle East, including Syria. Political analyst and author David S. Sorenson discusses the ongoing civil war in Syria from its origins, to its key players, and to its propagation into neighboring countries. In the process, the work delves into Syria's demographics, history, economy, and security to illustrate the civil war's impact on the Middle East and the world. This in-depth analysis covers the Assad regime, ISIS's role in the region, possible outcomes of the conflict, and security implications for the country. Starting with a history of Syria, the work identifies the factors that have contributed to the onset and continuation of the civil war, moves on to an analysis of the outbreak and growth of the war, and points out key factors that fueled its intensity. A look at the Islamic State considers the internationalization of the Syrian civil war, explaining how the addition of many parties outside of Syria have made the war more violent and protracted. The book concludes by considering alternative endings for the conflict and addressing the role of world powers in the conflict and its outcome.
Entrepreneurship In Conflict Zones
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Author : Ahmad Sufian Bayram
language : en
Publisher: Ahmad Sufian Bayram
Release Date : 2017-02-01
Entrepreneurship In Conflict Zones written by Ahmad Sufian Bayram and has been published by Ahmad Sufian Bayram this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Nearly half a million people have been killed and 1.9 million wounded. 12.6 million people have been forced out of their homes, of whom, more than a half are internally displaced. The death and damage in Syria have shown no sign of abating. The conflict in this country of 185,000 square kilometers has affected every aspect of life and left the future of a great nation in complete darkness. Jobs have been lost, businesses closed and markets are on the verge of collapse. Entrepreneurship In Conflict Zones report brings to the spotlight the Syrian entrepreneurship in the country, the challenges it faces, the potential it has and the uncertain future that lies ahead. The report draws on data from a study examining the views and experiences over a period of twelve months of research, during which 268 interviews were conducted with Syrians entrepreneurs. The study also included an open discussion and series of interviews with experts as well as insights from local startups.
Networks Of Privilege In The Middle East The Politics Of Economic Reform Revisited
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Author : S. Heydemann
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2004-08-20
Networks Of Privilege In The Middle East The Politics Of Economic Reform Revisited written by S. Heydemann and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-20 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume explores the role of informal networks in the politics of Middle Eastern economic reform. The editor's introduction demonstrates how network-based models overcome limitations in existing approaches to the politics of economic reform. The following chapters show how business-state networks in Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan have affected privatization programs and the reform of fiscal policies. They help us understand patterns and variation in the organization and outcome of economic reform programs, including the opportunities that economic reforms offered for reorganizing networks of economic privilege across the Middle East.
Syria Investment And Business Profile Basic Information And Contacts For Successful Investment And Business Activity
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Author : IBP, Inc.
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2017-12-09
Syria Investment And Business Profile Basic Information And Contacts For Successful Investment And Business Activity written by IBP, Inc. and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Syria Investment and Business Profile - Basic Information and Contacts for Successful investment and Business Activity
Syria 2011 2013
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Author : Azmi Bishara
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2022-12-01
Syria 2011 2013 written by Azmi Bishara and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-01 with History categories.
Azmi Bishara's book on the Syrian Revolution is one of the most comprehensive and profound works on the subject published to date. Translated here into English for the first time, the study examines the complex roots of Syria's political and sectarian conflicts from the day revolution erupted on 15th March 2011 to its descent into civil war in the two years that followed. The book unearths and discusses the very first signs of protests from across Daraa, Hama, Aleppo, Damascus, Raqqa, Deir El Zour, Edlib and Homs, and it deals with Syria's ruralization process and the subsequent economic 'liberalization', which eventually led to the revolt against the Baath party. The work is based on high-level interviews, analysis of the country's socio-economic background, and examination of the Syrian regime's strategy and its political and media discourse. Syria's revolution is chronicled in two stages: the peaceful civil stage and the armed stage. Bishara's analysis first centres on the regime's strategy, unveiling despotism, massacres, kidnapping, sectarian tendencies, jihadist violence, the emergence of warlords, and the chaotic spread of arms. He then turns to the role of the opposition to narrate in detail the events that broke out and exactly how a peaceful protest turned into an armed struggle. The book provides a roadmap to how revolution broke out and is a comprehensive analysis of what drove those early events. Its publication brings renowned Arabic-language scholarship to the English-speaking world.
The Alawis Of Syria
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Author : Michael Kerr
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015
The Alawis Of Syria written by Michael Kerr and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Political Science categories.
Throughout the turbulent history of the Levant the 'Alawis - a secretive, resilient and ancient Muslim sect - have aroused suspicion and animosity, including accusations of religious heresy. More recently they have been tarred with the brush of political separatism and complicity in the excesses of the Assad regime, claims that have gained greater traction since the onset of the Syrian uprising and subsequent devastating civil war. The contributors to this book provide a complex and nuanced reading of Syria's 'Alawi communities -from loyalist gangs (Shabiha) to outspoken critics of the regime. Drawing upon wide-ranging research that examines the historic, political and social dynamics of the 'Alawi and the Syrian state, the current tensions are scrutinised and fresh insights offered. Among the themes addressed are religious practice, social identities, and relations to the Ba'ath party, the Syrian state and the military apparatus. The analysis also extends to Lebanon with a focus on the embattled 'Alawi community of Jabal Mohsen in Tripoli and state relations with Hizballah amid the current crisis.
The Syrian Uprising
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Author : Raymond Hinnebusch
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-02
The Syrian Uprising written by Raymond Hinnebusch and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-02 with Social Science categories.
Most observers did not expect the Arab spring to spread to Syria, for a number of seemingly good reasons. Yet, with amazing rapidity, massive and unprecedented anti-regime mobilization took place, which put the regime very much on the defensive; what began as the Syrian Uprising in March 2011 has evolved into one of the world’s most damaging and protracted conflicts. Despite over six years having passed since the inception of the Syrian Uprising, this phenomenon remains difficult to fully grasp, both in terms of underlying forces and long-term implications. This book presents a snapshot of how the Uprising developed in roughly the first two to three years (2011–2013) and addresses key questions regarding the domestic origins of the Uprising and its early trajectory. Firstly, what were the causes of the conflict, both in terms of structure (contradictions and crisis within the pre-Uprising order) and agency (choices of the actors)? Why did the Uprising not lead to democratization and instead descend into violent civil war with a sectarian dimension? With all 19 chapters addressing an aspect of the Uprising, the book focuses on internal dynamics, whilst a subsequent volume will look at the international dimension of the Uprising. Taking an innovative and interdisciplinary approach that seeks to capture the full complexity of the phenomenon, this book contributes significantly to our understanding of the Syrian conflict, and will therefore be a valuable resource for anyone studying Middle Eastern Politics.
Syrian Requiem
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Author : Itamar Rabinovich
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-12-20
Syrian Requiem written by Itamar Rabinovich and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-20 with History categories.
"The Syrian crisis is not over yet but the period of full-fledged civil war in that country appears to be drawing to a close, and it is now possible to view this calamity with some perspective. This short book will address the following questions about the conflict: How and why did quiet demonstrations in Southern Syria develop into a brutal civil war? Why did the political opposition to the regime of Bashar al-Assad remain weak and divided? How did radical Jihadi Islamists take over the main military opposition to the Syrian regime? How did the Syrian conflict become a main arena of the Saudi-Iranian regional rivalry? What explains the ambivalent Western attitude towards the Syrian rebellion? How did US policy under the Obama administration evolve and why did both Obama and Trump decide not to make a major investment in it? How stable is the status quo? And how could the conflict re-erupt in a different form? According to Rabinovitch, the Syrian regime and its supporters (including the Russians and the Iranians) have indeed emerged as victors, but it's a limited victory at best. The Syrian state under Assad controls only about 60 percent of the national territory and the potential for renewed violence is considerable. Assad's continued survival has come at the cost of deep dependency on Iran and Russia; his is now, arguably, a vassal state. This means that the country will remain in crisis for the foreseeable future, even if the full-scale civil war phase has come to an end. In his last chapter, Rabinovich will recommend policy options for the U.S"--
