Can Information Help Reduce Imbalanced Application Of Fertilizers In India
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Can Information Help Reduce Imbalanced Application Of Fertilizers In India
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Author : Fishman, Ram
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2016-04-01
Can Information Help Reduce Imbalanced Application Of Fertilizers In India written by Fishman, Ram and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-01 with Political Science categories.
The imbalanced application of chemical fertilizers in India is widely blamed for low yields, poor soil health, pollution of water resources, and large public expenditures on subsidies. To address the issue, the government of India is investing in a large-scale, expensive program of individualizedsoil testing and customized fertilizer recommendations, with the hope that scientific information will lead farmers to optimize the fertilizer mix. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in the Indian state of Bihar in what we believe to be the first evaluation of the effectiveness of the program as currently implemented. We found no evidence of any impact of soil testing and customized fertilizer recommendations on actual fertilizer use or the willingness to pay for lacking nutrients (elicited using aBecker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism). Several factors could be driving these results, including a lack of understanding, lack of confidence in the information’s reliability, or the costs of the recommended fertilizer mixes. We provide evidence that suggestslack of confidence is the main factor inhibiting farmers’ response
Mismatch Between Soil Nutrient Requirements And Fertilizer Applications Implications For Yield Responses In Ethiopia
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Author : Abay, Kibrom A.
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2021-06-28
Mismatch Between Soil Nutrient Requirements And Fertilizer Applications Implications For Yield Responses In Ethiopia written by Abay, Kibrom A. and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-28 with Political Science categories.
Lack of accurate information about soil nutrient requirements coupled with limited access to appropriate fertilizers could lead to mismatch between soil nutrient requirements and fertilizer applications. Such anomalies and mismatches are likely to have important implications for agricultural productivity. In this paper we use experimental (spectral soil analysis) data from Ethiopia to examine farmers’ response to soil nutrient deficiencies and its implications for yield responses. We find that farmers’ response to macronutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) deficiencies is not always consistent with agronomic recommendations. For instance, we find that farmers in our sample are applying nitrogen fertilizers to soils lacking phosphorus, potentially due to lack of information on soil nutrient deficiencies or lack of access to appropriate fertilizers in rural markets. On the other hand, farmers respond to perceivably poor-quality soils and acidic soils by applying higher amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers per unit of land. We further show that such mismatches between fertilizer applications and soil macronutrient requirements are potentially yield-reducing. Those farmers matching their soil nutrient requirements and fertilizer application are likely to enjoy additional yield gains and the vice versa. Marginal yield responses associated with nitrogen (phosphorus) application increases with soil nitrogen (phosphorus) deficiency. Similarly, we find that farmers’ response to acidic soils is not yield-enhancing. These findings suggest that such mismatches may explain heterogeneities in marginal returns to chemical fertilizers and the observed low adoption rates of chemical fertilizers in sub-Saharan Africa. As such, these findings have important implications for improving input management practices and fertilizer diffusion strategies.
Introduction To Development Engineering
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Author : Temina Madon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-09-08
Introduction To Development Engineering written by Temina Madon and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This open access textbook introduces the emerging field of Development Engineering and its constituent theories, methods, and applications. It is both a teaching text for students and a resource for researchers and practitioners engaged in the design and scaling of technologies for low-resource communities. The scope is broad, ranging from the development of mobile applications for low-literacy users to hardware and software solutions for providing electricity and water in remote settings. It is also highly interdisciplinary, drawing on methods and theory from the social sciences as well as engineering and the natural sciences. The opening section reviews the history of “technology-for-development” research, and presents a framework that formalizes this body of work and begins its transformation into an academic discipline. It identifies common challenges in development and explains the book’s iterative approach of “innovation, implementation, evaluation, adaptation.” Each of the next six thematic sections focuses on a different sector: energy and environment; market performance; education and labor; water, sanitation and health; digital governance; and connectivity. These thematic sections contain case studies from landmark research that directly integrates engineering innovation with technically rigorous methods from the social sciences. Each case study describes the design, evaluation, and/or scaling of a technology in the field and follows a single form, with common elements and discussion questions, to create continuity and pedagogical consistency. Together, they highlight successful solutions to development challenges, while also analyzing the rarely discussed failures. The book concludes by reiterating the core principles of development engineering illustrated in the case studies, highlighting common challenges that engineers and scientists will face in designing technology interventions that sustainably accelerate economic development. Development Engineering provides, for the first time, a coherent intellectual framework for attacking the challenges of poverty and global climate change through the design of better technologies. It offers the rigorous discipline needed to channel the energy of a new generation of scientists and engineers toward advancing social justice and improved living conditions in low-resource communities around the world.
Detox Development
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Author : Richard Damania
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2023-06-15
Detox Development written by Richard Damania and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-15 with Science categories.
Clean air, land, and oceans are critical for human health and nutrition and underpin much of the world's economy. Yet they suffer from degradation, poor management, and overuse due to government subsidies. 'Detox Development: Repurposing Environmentally Harmful Subsidies' examines the impact of subsidies on these foundational natural assets. Explicit and implicit subsidies--estimated to exceed US$7 trillion per year--not only promote inefficiencies but also cause much environmental harm. Poor air quality is responsible for approximately 1 in 5 deaths globally. And as the new analyses in this report show, a significant number of these deaths can be attributed to fossil fuel subsidies. Agriculture is the largest user of land worldwide, feeding the world and employing 1 billion people, including 78 percent of the world's poor. But it is subsidized in ways that promote inefficiency, inequity, and unsustainability. Subsidies are shown to drive the deterioration of water quality and increase water scarcity by incentivizing overextraction. In addition, they are responsible for 14 percent of annual deforestation, incentivizing the production of crops that are cultivated near forests. These subsidies are also implicated in the spread of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, especially malaria. Finally, oceans support the world's fisheries and supply about 3 billion people with almost 20 percent of their protein intake from animals. Yet they are in a collective state of crisis, with more than 34 percent of fisheries overfished, exacerbated by open-access regimes and capacity-increasing subsidies. Although the literature on subsidies is large, this report fills significant knowledge gaps using new data and methods. In doing so, it enhances understanding of the scale and impact of subsidies and offers solutions to reform or repurpose them in efficient and equitable ways. The aim is to enhance understanding of the magnitude, consequences, and drivers of policy successes and failures in order to render reforms more achievable.
National Dialogue Innovations For Promoting Balanced Application Of Macro And Micro Nutrient Fertilizers In Indian Agriculture
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Author : CSISA
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2019-01-25
National Dialogue Innovations For Promoting Balanced Application Of Macro And Micro Nutrient Fertilizers In Indian Agriculture written by CSISA and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-25 with Political Science categories.
The application of fertilizers that do not meet the nutrient requirements (i.e. balanced nutrient application) of target crops is a widespread problem in India. Farmers overuse urea (N) and seldom apply secondary nutrients (Sulphur, Calcium, and Magnesium) and micro-nutrients (like Zinc, Iron, Copper, Boron, Molybdenum and Manganese) in their plots. This imbalanced application of nutrients affects both long-term health of the soil as well as farmers’ own net incomes from agriculture. How do we deploy scientific research, business innovations, and public policies and programs to help promote balanced use of fertilizers in Indian agriculture?
Fertilizers In Indian Agriculture
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Author : Hari Lal Singh Tandon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Fertilizers In Indian Agriculture written by Hari Lal Singh Tandon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Fertilizer industry categories.
Fertilizers Manufacturing Handbook Ammonium Sulfate Diammonium Phosphate Dap Urea Ammonium Nitrate Neem Coated Urea N P K Complex Fertilizers Single Superphosphate Ssp Triple Superphosphate Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate Magnesium Sulfate With Manufacturing Process Machinery Equipment Details Factory Layout
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Author : P. K. Chattopadhyay
language : en
Publisher: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Release Date : 2022-07-26
Fertilizers Manufacturing Handbook Ammonium Sulfate Diammonium Phosphate Dap Urea Ammonium Nitrate Neem Coated Urea N P K Complex Fertilizers Single Superphosphate Ssp Triple Superphosphate Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate Magnesium Sulfate With Manufacturing Process Machinery Equipment Details Factory Layout written by P. K. Chattopadhyay and has been published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-26 with Business & Economics categories.
India's economy is heavily reliant on agriculture. One of the greatest contributors to the Gross Domestic Product is agriculture, along with forestry, fishing, and other related industries (GDP). It goes without saying that the fertiliser industry is one that the Indian economy cannot do without given how significant the agricultural sector is. The success of the agricultural sector in India is largely dependent on the fertilizer industry. The benchmark that the food industry in India has set is mainly due to the many technically competent fertilizer producing companies in the country. The combined output of Nitrogenous (N) and Phosphatic (P) Chemical fertilizers has increased from a modest level. Fertilizer Market Size will grow at a CAGR of 2.6%. Fertilizers have played a key role in the success of India's green revolution and subsequent self-reliance in food-grain production. The increase in fertilizer consumption has contributed significantly to sustainable production of food grains in the country. The NPK fertilizers market (feed-grade) is estimated at a CAGR of 4.1% these feed-grade fertilizers help animals attain faster growth and increase their weight by providing added nutrition to their meals. The global diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) driven by the product's rising usage in fertilizers to increase the crop yield. The compound has a high nutrient content which is required for crop nurture. The global single superphosphate (SSP) market is expected to post a CAGR of close to 3%. Key factor driving the growth of the global single superphosphate (SSP) market is the increasing demand for phosphate fertilizers. Triple Superphosphate Market is growing at a CAGR of 5.5%. Triple superphosphate typically contains 44–46% of diphosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and are produced by reacting phosphoric acid with phosphate rocks. The zinc sulfate market is expected to witness market growth at a rate of 7.50%. The global nitrogenous fertilizer market size growth rate (CAGR). The growth is attributed to the increasing popularity of agriculture on a commercial level across the world. The global potash fertilizer market growth rate (CAGR) of 4.66%. The Global Ammonium Phosphate Market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.56% mainly due to robust demands from animal feed and fertilizers industries. The market has witnessed a significant boost from the enabling policy framework regarding yield enhancement of agri-produce. Successful business ideas in fertilizers manufacturing is profitable and very viable. Thus, it is a good idea to venture into it by starting your own business. Read this book on for more information about fertilizers industry in detail. It will help you understand how to get started with your own fertilizers manufacturing business. Fertilizers manufacturing is a great way to make money because of its high demand in today’s market place. The book contains detailed information about fertilizers manufacturing in which all aspects are covered. The book is of immense use to professionals in Fertilizers Manufacturing Handbook for quick revision as well as in day-to-day life where people would like to know about fertilizers. This book also serves as an excellent guide for those who want to venture into fertilizers manufacturing industry or have been associated with it. A complete guide to the Fertilizers Manufacturing : Ammonium Sulfate, Diammonium Phosphate (DAP), Urea - Ammonium Nitrate, Neem Coated Urea, N.P.K. Complex Fertilizers, Single Superphosphate (SSP), Triple Superphosphate, Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate, Magnesium Sulfate. It's a veritable feast of how-to information, from concept through equipment acquisition.
A Systematic Overview Of Research Developments In Jute And Allied Fibre Crops
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Author : Gouranga Kar
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2024-05-09
A Systematic Overview Of Research Developments In Jute And Allied Fibre Crops written by Gouranga Kar and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-09 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides a systematic overview of the recent developments in the production and processing of jute and allied fibres, giving insight into ways to improve their productivity in order to keep pace with the growing needs of an increasing population. The book will be particularly beneficial to agronomists, soil scientists, pathologists, biotechnologists, seed production specialists, market managers, industrialists, development agencies, graduate and postgraduate students, and other stakeholders associated with jute and allied fibre crop improvement, or market development in the public and private sectors. The book may also help to generate ideas surrounding the formulation of public-private collaborative research for future innovations regarding this crop.
Management Strategies For Water Use Efficiency And Micro Irrigated Crops
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Author : Megh R. Goyal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-02-01
Management Strategies For Water Use Efficiency And Micro Irrigated Crops written by Megh R. Goyal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-01 with Science categories.
Management Strategies for Water Use Efficiency and Micro Irrigated Crops presents new research and technologies for making better use of water resources for agricultural purposes. The chapters focus on better management to improve allocation and irrigation water efficiency and look at performance factors as well. Chapters look at irrigation technology, environmental conditions, and scheduling of water application. One section of the book focuses on water management in the cultivation of sugarcane, a very important industrial crop used in many fields. Other sections are devoted to principles and challenging technologies, water use efficiency for drip-irrigated crops, performance of fertigated rice under micro irrigation, and evaluation of performance of drip-irrigated crops. This valuable book is a must for those struggling to find ways to address the need to maintain efficient crop production in the midst of water shortages. With chapters from hands-on experts in the field, the book will be an invaluable reference and guide to effective micro irrigation methods.
Soil Organic Carbon And Feeding The Future
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Author : Rattan Lal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-01-18
Soil Organic Carbon And Feeding The Future written by Rattan Lal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-18 with Science categories.
Soil organic matter (SOM) is a highly reactive constituent of the soil matrix because of its large surface area, high ion exchange capacity, enormous affinity for water due to hygroscopicity, and capacity to form organo-mineral complexes. It is an important source and sink of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases depending on climate, land use, soil and crop management, and a wide range of abiotic and biotic factors, including the human dimensions of socioeconomic and political factors. Agroecosystems are among important controls of the global carbon cycle with a strong impact on anthropogenic or abrupt climate change. This volume of Advances in Soil Sciences explains pedological processes set-in-motion by increases in SOM content of depleted and degraded soils. It discusses the relationship between SOM content and critical soil quality parameters including aggregation, water retention and transport, aeration and gaseous exchange, and chemical composition of soil air. The book identifies policy options needed to translate science into action for making sustainable management of SOM as a strategy for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change. Features: Relates soil organic matter stock to soil processes, climate parameters, vegetation, landscape attributes Establishes relationships between soil organic matter and land use, species, and climate Identifies land use systems for protecting and restoring soil organic matter stock Links soil organic matter stock with the global carbon cycle for mitigation of climate change Part of the Advances in Soil Sciences series, this volume will appeal to agricultural, environmental, and soil scientists demonstrating the link between soil organic matter stock and provisioning of critical ecosystem services for nature and humans.