Causality And Causal Explanation In Aristotle
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Causality And Causal Explanation In Aristotle
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Author : Nathanael Stein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Causality And Causal Explanation In Aristotle written by Nathanael Stein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Causation categories.
"This book aims to answer two main questions about Aristotle's theory of causality and causal explanation, especially in relation to natural science. (1) How does he answer main philosophical questions about causes to which he thinks his predecessors' answers are flawed? (2) How do his answers bear on the main questions we confront in thinking about causality in general? The texts that deal with causality directly are analyzed against the background of his criticisms of his predecessors and his broader views about explanation, highlighting their theoretically important commitments. This allows us to reveal the conceptual architecture of his theory. The basic theory is then applied to two questions about causality, one metaphysical and one epistemological. The metaphysical question is how to account for the relation between causes and what they cause, in light of a fundamental tension between different desiderata for causal explanations. Aristotle's answer is pluralistic: he does not think that there is one metaphysical relationship between causes and what they cause even within a given mode of causality. The epistemological question asks how we grasp causes, and grasp them in a way that yields scientific understanding. Aristotle's answer is again a pluralist one: metaphysically different phenomena demand different cognitive resources, and some are more accessible than others. Nevertheless, there is a discernible path from simpler to more sophisticated types of cognitive grasp on causality. Aristotle thus aims to provide a non-reductionist account of causality that still leaves room for a substantive conception of understanding in natural science"--
Causality And Causal Explanation In Aristotle
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Author : Nathanael Stein
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023
Causality And Causal Explanation In Aristotle written by Nathanael Stein and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with History categories.
We spend a lot of time looking for explanations and arguing about them, especially causal explanations, of phenomena large and small. But what makes for good causal explanations, and how do we tell them apart from bad ones? This book aims to think through these philosophical issues by re-examining Aristotle's theory of causal explanation, which is one of the oldest and most influential. Nathanael Stein drops many common assumptions and brings together ideas that are normally discussed in isolation, with the aim of answering the philosophical questions that have perplexed Aristotle's readers.
Neo Aristotelian Perspectives On Formal Causation
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Author : Ludger Jansen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-03-21
Neo Aristotelian Perspectives On Formal Causation written by Ludger Jansen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-21 with Philosophy categories.
This is the first volume of essays devoted to Aristotelian formal causation and its relevance for contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science. The essays trace the historical development of formal causation and demonstrate its relevance for contemporary issues, such as causation, explanation, laws of nature, functions, essence, modality, and metaphysical grounding. The introduction to the volume covers the history of theories of formal causation and points out why we need a theory of formal causation in contemporary philosophy. Part I is concerned with scholastic approaches to formal causation, while Part II presents four contemporary approaches to formal causation. The three chapters in Part III explore various notions of dependence and their relevance to formal causation. Part IV, finally, discusses formal causation in biology and cognitive sciences. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working on contemporary Aristotelian approaches to metaphysics and philosophy of science. This volume includes contributions by José Tomás Alvarado, Christopher J. Austin, Giacomo Giannini, Jani Hakkarainen, Ludger Jansen, Markku Keinänen, Gyula Klima, James G. Lennox, Stephen Mumford, David S. Oderberg, Michele Paolini Paoletti, Sandeep Prasada, Petter Sandstad, Wolfgang Sattler, Benjamin Schnieder, Matthew Tugby, and Jonas Werner.
Theory And Explanation In Geography
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Author : Henry Wai-chung Yeung
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-08-15
Theory And Explanation In Geography written by Henry Wai-chung Yeung and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-15 with Social Science categories.
THEORY AND EXPLANATION IN GEOGRAPHY "With this book Henry Yeung puts Geography back into the driver's seat of new theory development. Foregrounding mid-range theories and mechanism-based explanations, he offers a pragmatic approach that has the capacity to shape the wider social sciences for years to come. The timing of this intervention is pitch-perfect, as scholars search for ways to understand and intervene in an increasingly distrustful and polarized world." —KATHARYNE MITCHELL, Distinguished Professor, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA "In Theory and Explanation in Geography Yeung presents us with a rare thing - an argument for geographical theory with forms of causal explanation at its heart. The book is both modest and ambitious. Modest in its insistence on mid-level theory without a call for some new “turn” or advocacy for any particular approach. Ambitious in its insistence that existing theoretical traditions are inadequate or incomplete insofar as they lack causal explanatory power. Geographers will be inspired and/or infuriated by Yeung’s arguments in this provocative and cogently argued call to theoretical arms for many years to come." —Tim Cresswell, Ogilvie Professor of Geography, University of Edinburgh, UK "Critical human geography possesses a distinctive theory culture—pluralist, creative, distributed, restless, contested—prone to “turning,” wary of orthodoxies and fixed positions. In this original and provocative contribution, the leading economic geographer Henry Yeung steps out beyond his home turf to engage styles and practices of theorizing across this diverse field, carving out a new remit and rubric for middle-range theorizing." —JAMIE PECK, Canadian Research Chair and Distinguished University Scholar, University of British Columbia, Canada Grounded in a generous reading of a multitude of critical approaches in human geography and their diverse conceptions of theory, Theory and Explanation in Geography draws upon cutting-edge debates on the mechanism-based approach to theory and explanation in analytical sociology, political science, and the philosophy of social sciences to inform current and future geographical thinking on theory. This consolidated conceptual work represents an extension and much further development of the author's well-cited works on relational geography, critical realism and causal explanation, process-based methodology, globalization and the theory of global production networks, and "theorizing back" and situated knowledges that were published in leading journals in Geography. The work has several chapters that identify new directions for Geography’s current and future engagement with the wider social sciences and relevant research agendas in geographical thought. Its main chapters provide the necessary conceptual toolkits for mobilizing such an expanding research program in the 2020s and beyond. Compared to typical texts on geographical thought, this book is less retrospective and historical and more prospective in nature. Detailing why and how mid-range explanatory theories can be better developed through causal mechanisms and relational thinking that have been revitalized in the social sciences, Theory and Explanation in Geography is an essential read for academics, geographers, and scholars seeking unique perspective on an important facet of the field.
Causation In International Relations
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Author : Milja Kurki
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-04-03
Causation In International Relations written by Milja Kurki and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-03 with Political Science categories.
World political processes, such as wars and globalisation, are engendered by complex sets of causes and conditions. Although the idea of causation is fundamental to the field of International Relations, what the concept of cause means or entails has remained an unresolved and contested matter. In recent decades ferocious debates have surrounded the idea of causal analysis, some scholars even questioning the legitimacy of applying the notion of cause in the study of International Relations. This book suggests that underlying the debates on causation in the field of International Relations is a set of problematic assumptions (deterministic, mechanistic and empiricist) and that we should reclaim causal analysis from the dominant discourse of causation. Milja Kurki argues that reinterpreting the meaning, aims and methods of social scientific causal analysis opens up multi-causal and methodologically pluralist avenues for future International Relations scholarship.
The Philosophy Of Karl Popper
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Author : Herbert Keuth
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005
The Philosophy Of Karl Popper written by Herbert Keuth and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with History categories.
This is a systematic exposition of Popper's philosophy covering in part 1 the philosophy of science, in part 2 the social philosophy, and in part 3 the later metaphysics, in particular the theses to solve indeterminism/determinism and mind/body problems, and the famous idea of a third world of objective thought.This book is more comprehensive than any current introduction to Popper. Its perspicuous structure and lucid exposition should ensure that it could be used in courses in both the philosophy of science and the philosophy of social science.
A Logical Theory Of Causality
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Author : Alexander Bochman
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2021-08-17
A Logical Theory Of Causality written by Alexander Bochman and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-17 with Computers categories.
A general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference. In this book, Alexander Bochman presents a general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference, basing it on a supposition that causal reasoning is not a competitor of logical reasoning but its complement for situations lacking logically sufficient data or knowledge. Bochman also explores the relationship of this theory with the popular structural equation approach to causality proposed by Judea Pearl and explores several applications ranging from artificial intelligence to legal theory, including abduction, counterfactuals, actual and proximate causality, dynamic causal models, and reasoning about action and change in artificial intelligence. As logical preparation, before introducing causal concepts, Bochman describes an alternative, situation-based semantics for classical logic that provides a better understanding of what can be captured by purely logical means. He then presents another prerequisite, outlining those parts of a general theory of nonmonotonic reasoning that are relevant to his own theory. These two components provide a logical background for the main, two-tier formalism of the causal calculus that serves as the formal basis of his theory. He presents the main causal formalism of the book as a natural generalization of classical logic that allows for causal reasoning. This provides a formal background for subsequent chapters. Finally, Bochman presents a generalization of causal reasoning to dynamic domains.
Aristotle And Other Platonists
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Author : Lloyd P. Gerson
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2017-12-01
Aristotle And Other Platonists written by Lloyd P. Gerson and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-01 with Philosophy categories.
"Aristotle versus Plato. For a long time that is the angle from which the tale has been told, in textbooks on the history of philosophy and to university students. Aristotle's philosophy, so the story goes, was au fond in opposition to Plato's. But it was not always thus."—from the Introduction In a wide-ranging book likely to cause controversy, Lloyd P. Gerson sets out the case for the "harmony" of Platonism and Aristotelianism, the standard view in late antiquity. He aims to show that the twentieth-century view that Aristotle started out as a Platonist and ended up as an anti-Platonist is seriously flawed. Gerson examines the Neoplatonic commentators on Aristotle based on their principle of harmony. In considering ancient studies of Aristotle's Categories, Physics, De Anima, Metaphysics, and Nicomachean Ethics, the author shows how the principle of harmony allows us to understand numerous texts that otherwise appear intractable. Gerson also explains how these "esoteric" treatises can be seen not to conflict with the early "exoteric" and admittedly Platonic dialogues of Aristotle. Aristotle and Other Platonists concludes with an assessment of some of the philosophical results of acknowledging harmony.
Toward A Process Approach In Psychology
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Author : Paul van Geert
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-07-28
Toward A Process Approach In Psychology written by Paul van Geert and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-28 with Psychology categories.
Psychological science constructs much of the knowledge that we consume in our everyday lives. This book is a systematic analysis of this process, and of the nature of the knowledge it produces. The authors show how mainstream scientific activity treats psychological properties as being fundamentally stable, universal, and isolable. They then challenge this status quo by inviting readers to recognize that dynamics, context-specificity, interconnectedness, and uncertainty, are a natural and exciting part of human psychology – these are not things to be avoided and feared, but instead embraced. This requires a shift toward a process-based approach that recognizes the situated, time-dependent, and fundamentally processual nature of psychological phenomena. With complex dynamic systems as a framework, this book sketches out how we might move toward a process-based praxis that is more suitable and effective for understanding human functioning.
Aristotle S Idea Of The Soul
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Author : H. Granger
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Aristotle S Idea Of The Soul written by H. Granger and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
Aristotle's Idea of the Soul considers the nature of the soul within Aristotle's psychology and natural philosophy. A survey is provided of the contemporary interpretations of Aristotle's idea of the soul, which are prominent in the Aristotelian scholarship within the analytic tradition. These interpretations are divided into two positions: `attributivism', which considers the soul to be a property; and `substantialism', which considers it to be a thing. Taxonomies are developed for attributivism and substantialism, and the cases for each of them are considered. It is concluded that neither position may be maintained without compromise, since Aristotle ascribes to the soul features that belong exclusively to a thing and exclusively to a property. Aristotle treats the soul as a `property-thing', as a cross between a thing and a property. It is argued that Aristotle comes by this idea of the soul because his hylomorphism casts the soul as a property and his causal doctrine presents it as a causal agent and thereby as a thing.