Causality And Connectives
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Causality And Connectives
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Author : Valandis Bardzokas
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Causality And Connectives written by Valandis Bardzokas and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Foreign Language Study categories.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Thessaloniki, 2010.
How To Express Yourself With A Causal Connective
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Author : Mirna Pit
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-03-07
How To Express Yourself With A Causal Connective written by Mirna Pit and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-07 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Dutch, German and French languages display a variety of regularly used connectives all of which introduce causes, arguments or reasons, such as Dutch omdat, want and aangezien, German weil, denn and da, and French parce que, car and puisque. Why should languages have different connectives to express the notion of backward causality? The central argument developed in this book is that different connectives express different degrees of subjectivity. In a series of corpus analyses it is shown that the degree of subjectivity of the main participant involved in the causal relation strongly predicts the occurrence of one or another connective. Hence, language users have at their disposal connectives of varying degrees of subjectivity. In an analysis of judiciary sentences, it is revealed that speakers are actually sensitive of this semantic distinction, and sometimes even exploit it for their communicative purposes: in order to conceal their subjective involvement, judges prefer objective over subjective connectives. This volume makes a contribution to the study of language in use, by applying empirical methods to authentic language data. It will be of interest to anyone concerned with discourse coherence, perspective and subjectivity, corpus linguistics and cross-linguistic analyses.
Causal Categories In Discourse And Cognition
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Author : Ted Sanders
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2009-12-22
Causal Categories In Discourse And Cognition written by Ted Sanders and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
All languages of the world provide their speakers with linguistic means to express causal relations in discourse. Causal connectives and causative auxiliaries are among the salient markers of causal construals. Cognitive scientists and linguists are interested in how much of this causal modeling is specific to a given culture and language, and how much is characteristic of general human cognition. Speakers of English, for example, can choose between because and since or between therefore and so. How different are these from the choices made by Dutch speakers, who speak a closely related language, but (unlike English speakers) have a dedicated marker for non-volitional causality (daardoor)? The central question in this volume is: What parameters of categorization shape the use of causal connectives and auxiliary verbs across languages? The book discusses how differences between even quite closely related languages (English, Dutch, Polish) can help us to elaborate the typology of levels and categories of causation represented in language. In addition, the volume demonstrates convergence of linguistic, corpus-linguistic and psycholinguistic methodologies in determining cognitive categories of causality. The basic notion of causality appears to be an ideal linguistic phenomenon to provide an overview of methods and, perhaps more importantly, invoke a discussion on the most adequate methodological approaches to study fundamental issues in language and cognition.
The Pragmatics Of Discourse Coherence
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Author : Helmut Gruber
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2014-11-15
The Pragmatics Of Discourse Coherence written by Helmut Gruber and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Over the past four decades, discourse coherence has been studied from linguistic, psycholinguistic, computational, and applied perspectives. This volume identifies current issues and under-researched topics in the pragmatics of discourse coherence. Nine studies from various disciplines address the realization and signalling of coherence relations in various genres and languages, their acquisition and use by first- and second-language learners and university students, the relationship between coherence relations and genre-specific discourse structure, and extensions of the coherence paradigm to multimodal discourse and visual art. This collection will be of interest to researchers from linguistics, applied linguistics, psychology, communication, and multimodal semiotics.
Formal Models In The Study Of Language
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Author : Joanna Blochowiak
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-20
Formal Models In The Study Of Language written by Joanna Blochowiak and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume presents articles that focus on the application of formal models in the study of language in a variety of innovative ways, and is dedicated to Jacques Moeschler, professor at University of Geneva, to mark the occasion of his 60th birthday. The contributions, by seasoned and budding linguists of all different linguistic backgrounds, reflect Jacques Moeschler’s diverse and visionary research over the years. The book contains three parts. The first part shows how different formal models can be applied to the analysis of such diverse problems as the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of tense, aspect and deictic expressions, syntax and pragmatics of quantifiers and semantics and pragmatics of connectives and negation. The second part presents the application of formal models to the treatment of cognitive issues related to the use of language, and in particular, demonstrating cognitive accounts of different types of human interactions, the context in utterance interpretation (salience, inferential comprehension processes), figurative uses of language (irony pretence), the role of syntax in Theory of Mind in autism and the analysis of the aesthetics of nature. Finally, the third part addresses computational and corpus-based approaches to natural language for investigating language variation, language universals and discourse related issues. This volume will be of great interest to syntacticians, pragmaticians, computer scientists, semanticians and psycholinguists.
Developing Narrative Structure
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Author : Allyssa McCabe
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1991
Developing Narrative Structure written by Allyssa McCabe and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Effective narration, the telling of stories or recounting of personal experiences, is an art requiring skills that appear crucial for children's language development and literacy acquisition. This volume serves an important purpose because it pulls together the widely scattered literature in the field, exploring the ways in which oral narrative structure develops in children and how it may be facilitated. It presents new empirical studies on genres of narrative, the role narrative structure plays in emergent literacy, the relationship between narrative language and autobiographical memory, and ways in which teachers and parents facilitate or hinder children's narrative development. The empirical research presented here draws from diverse groups, including Hispanic, African-American, and Anglo-American children from rural and urban America and Canada.
Language And Memory
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Author : Hanna Pishwa
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2011-06-24
Language And Memory written by Hanna Pishwa and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-24 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume presents an entirely new, expanded cognitive view of language by examining linguistic structure and its use in communication from the point of view of memory, thus providing a novel way of analysing language. The fourteen chapters, authored by linguists and psychologists, show the need for such an approach and illustrate that the properties of numerous linguistic structures reflect those of memory in various ways. Many different methodologies are presented because of the interdisciplinary nature of the volume, without reducing the comprehensibility and comparability of the contributions. Core linguistic areas are discussed in the contributions embracing syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and discourse analysis; psychological aspects are restricted to memory systems and their properties. The introduction provides a concise overview of memory, and then three sections examine linguistic phenomena from various angles relating them to memory. In the first section, the contributions emphasize the issue of syntagmatic vs. paradigmatic organization in various linguistic phenomena with a focus on syntax and their locus in memory. The contributions in the second part investigate structures with non-fixed functions showing that they tend to be connected to a certain submemory sharing their features such as subjectivity and evaluation. The concern of the last section is discourse comprising coherence, evidentiality, politeness, and persuasion. The book should be stimulating for researchers and students of linguistic core areas as well as those occupied with developmental aspects and theoretical aspects of language. It also provides new insights into methods of analysis both in linguistics and in cognitive psychology. The individual chapters are comprehensible to linguists who have no background in psychology and to psychologists who have to background in linguistics.
Non Lexical Pragmatics
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Author : Jacques Moeschler
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-12-02
Non Lexical Pragmatics written by Jacques Moeschler and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book presents both general issues in pragmatic theories and specific arguments for an inferential approach to pragmatics. At the present time, pragmatics is generally approached from the neo- and post-Gricean perspectives. These perspectives, which stem from philosophical theories of meaning, can be viewed as paradigms, that is, sets of concepts, procedures and results which structure scientific investigations. The main purpose of the book is to defend a new post-Gricean approach to the substantial lexicon and to the functional lexicon (tenses, connectives), and more specifically to explore lexical and non-lexical pragmatics. A precise approach to lexical and non-lexical pragmatic contents will be developed, with special emphasis on non-lexical temporal and causal information. A model for inferring temporal relations in discourse (the directional inferences model based on French data) is developed. This approach to temporal representations and inferences will be completed by a discussion on how causal inferences are triggered in discourse interpretation. The role of conceptual causal relations, as well as causal procedural information encoded in discourse connectives (mainly parce que ‘because’, donc ‘therefore’, et ‘and’), is empirically and theoretically supported. Pragmatic theory can be described as a very powerful interface system which gives access to lexical and functional information, and which contains rich pragmatic enrichment processes, for non-lexical information (quantifier, tenses, connectives) as well as for lexical information (event predicates). The book’s originality stems from its demonstration that pragmatic enrichment is structurally constrained, and occurs at the level of explicature.
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning
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Author : Michael Waldmann
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-03-30
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning written by Michael Waldmann and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-30 with Psychology categories.
Causal reasoning is one of our most central cognitive competencies, enabling us to adapt to our world. Causal knowledge allows us to predict future events, or diagnose the causes of observed facts. We plan actions and solve problems using knowledge about cause-effect relations. Although causal reasoning is a component of most of our cognitive functions, it has been neglected in cognitive psychology for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning offers a state-of-the-art review of the growing field, and its contribution to the world of cognitive science. The Handbook begins with an introduction of competing theories of causal learning and reasoning. In the next section, it presents research about basic cognitive functions involved in causal cognition, such as perception, categorization, argumentation, decision-making, and induction. The following section examines research on domains that embody causal relations, including intuitive physics, legal and moral reasoning, psychopathology, language, social cognition, and the roles of space and time. The final section presents research from neighboring fields that study developmental, phylogenetic, and cultural differences in causal cognition. The chapters, each written by renowned researchers in their field, fill in the gaps of many cognitive psychology textbooks, emphasizing the crucial role of causal structures in our everyday lives. This Handbook is an essential read for students and researchers of the cognitive sciences, including cognitive, developmental, social, comparative, and cross-cultural psychology; philosophy; methodology; statistics; artificial intelligence; and machine learning.
Developmental Psycholinguistics
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Author : Carole Peterson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Developmental Psycholinguistics written by Carole Peterson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.