Causation And Free Will
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Causation And Free Will
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Author : Carolina Sartorio
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Causation And Free Will written by Carolina Sartorio and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Philosophy categories.
Carolina Sartorio argues that only the actual causes of our behaviour matter to our freedom. Although this simple view of freedom clashes with most theories of responsibility, including the most prominent "actual sequence" theories currently on offer, Sartorio argues for its truth. The key, she claims, lies in a correct understanding of the role played by causation in a view of that kind. Causation has some important features that make it a responsibility-grounding relation, and this contributes to the success of the view. Also, when agents act freely, the actual causes are richer than they appear to be at first sight; in particular, they reflect the agents' sensitivity to reasons, where this includes both the existence of actual reasons and the absence of other (counterfactual) reasons. So acting freely requires more causes and quite complex causes, as opposed to fewer causes and simpler causes, and is compatible with those causes being deterministic. The book connects two different debates, the one on causation and the one on the problem of free will, in new and illuminating ways.
The Neural Basis Of Free Will
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Author : Peter Tse
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2013
The Neural Basis Of Free Will written by Peter Tse and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
The issues of mental causation, consciousness, and free will have vexed philosophers since Plato. This book examines these unresolved issues from a neuroscientific perspective. In contrast with philosophers who use logic rather than data to argue whether mental causation or consciousness can exist given unproven first assumptions, Tse proposes that we instead listen to what neurons have to say. Because the brain must already embody a solution to the mind--body problem, why not focus on how the brain actually realizes mental causation? Tse draws on exciting recent neuroscientific data concerning how informational causation is realized in physical causation at the level of NMDA receptors, synapses, dendrites, neurons, and neuronal circuits. He argues that a particular kind of strong free will and downward mental causation are realized in rapid synaptic plasticity. Recent neurophysiological breakthroughs reveal that neurons function as criterial assessors of their inputs, which then change the criteria that will make other neurons fire in the future. Such informational causation cannot change the physical basis of information realized in the present, but it can change the physical basis of information that may be realized in the immediate future. This gets around the standard argument against free will centered on the impossibility of self-causation. Tse explores the ways that mental causation and qualia might be realized in this kind of neuronal and associated information-processing architecture, and considers the psychological and philosophical implications of having such an architecture realized in our brains.
Why Free Will Is Real
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Author : Christian List
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-06
Why Free Will Is Real written by Christian List and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-06 with Philosophy categories.
A crystal-clear, scientifically rigorous argument for the existence of free will, challenging what many scientists and scientifically minded philosophers believe. Philosophers have argued about the nature and the very existence of free will for centuries. Today, many scientists and scientifically minded commentators are skeptical that it exists, especially when it is understood to require the ability to choose between alternative possibilities. If the laws of physics govern everything that happens, they argue, then how can our choices be free? Believers in free will must be misled by habit, sentiment, or religious doctrine. Why Free Will Is Real defies scientific orthodoxy and presents a bold new defense of free will in the same naturalistic terms that are usually deployed against it. Unlike those who defend free will by giving up the idea that it requires alternative possibilities to choose from, Christian List retains this idea as central, resisting the tendency to defend free will by watering it down. He concedes that free will and its prerequisites—intentional agency, alternative possibilities, and causal control over our actions—cannot be found among the fundamental physical features of the natural world. But, he argues, that’s not where we should be looking. Free will is a “higher-level” phenomenon found at the level of psychology. It is like other phenomena that emerge from physical processes but are autonomous from them and not best understood in fundamental physical terms—like an ecosystem or the economy. When we discover it in its proper context, acknowledging that free will is real is not just scientifically respectable; it is indispensable for explaining our world.
Downward Causation And The Neurobiology Of Free Will
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Author : Nancey Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-09-30
Downward Causation And The Neurobiology Of Free Will written by Nancey Murphy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-30 with Science categories.
How is free will possible in the light of the physical and chemical underpinnings of brain activity and recent neurobiological experiments? How can the emergence of complexity in hierarchical systems such as the brain, based at the lower levels in physical interactions, lead to something like genuine free will? The nature of our understanding of free will in the light of present-day neuroscience is becoming increasingly important because of remarkable discoveries on the topic being made by neuroscientists at the present time, on the one hand, and its crucial importance for the way we view ourselves as human beings, on the other. A key tool in understanding how free will may arise in this context is the idea of downward causation in complex systems, happening coterminously with bottom up causation, to form an integral whole. Top-down causation is usually neglected, and is therefore emphasized in the other part of the book’s title. The concept is explored in depth, as are the ethical and legal implications of our understanding of free will. This book arises out of a workshop held in California in April of 2007, which was chaired by Dr. Christof Koch. It was unusual in terms of the breadth of people involved: they included physicists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, philosophers, and theologians. This enabled the meeting, and hence the resulting book, to attain a rather broader perspective on the issue than is often attained at academic symposia. The book includes contributions by Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, George F. R. Ellis , Christopher D. Frith, Mark Hallett, David Hodgson, Owen D. Jones, Alicia Juarrero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Christof Koch, Hans Küng, Hakwan C. Lau, Dean Mobbs, Nancey Murphy, William Newsome, Timothy O’Connor, Sean A.. Spence, and Evan Thompson.
Libertarian Accounts Of Free Will
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Author : Randolph Clarke
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2003-10-16
Libertarian Accounts Of Free Will written by Randolph Clarke and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-16 with Philosophy categories.
This comprehensive study offers a balanced assessment of libertarian accounts of free will. Bringing to bear recent work on action, causation, and causal explanation, Clarke defends a type of event-causal view from popular objections concerning rationality and diminished control. He subtly explores the extent to which event-causal accounts can secure the things for the sake of which we value free will, judging their success here to be limited. Clarke then sets out a highly original agent-causal account, one that integrates agent causation and nondeterministic event causation. He defends this view from a number of objections but argues that we should find the substance causation required by any agent-causal account to be impossible. Clarke concludes that if a broad thesis of incompatibilism is correct--one on which both free will and moral responsibility are incompatible with determinism--then no libertarian account is entirely adequate.
Mind Brain And Free Will
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Author : Richard Swinburne
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-17
Mind Brain And Free Will written by Richard Swinburne and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-17 with Philosophy categories.
Richard Swinburne presents a powerful case for substance dualism and libertarian free will. He argues that pure mental and physical events are distinct, and defends an account of agent causation in which the soul can act independently of bodily causes. We are responsible for our actions, and the findings of neuroscience cannot prove otherwise.
Causes Laws And Free Will
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Author : Kadri Vihvelin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-06-27
Causes Laws And Free Will written by Kadri Vihvelin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-27 with Law categories.
This book rescues compatibilists from the familiar charge of 'quagmire of evasion' by arguing that the problem of free will and determinism is a metaphysical problem with a metaphysical solution. There is no good reason to think that determinism would rob us of the free will we think we have.
Living Without Free Will
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Author : Derk Pereboom
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-11-02
Living Without Free Will written by Derk Pereboom and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-02 with Philosophy categories.
Argues that morality, meaning and value remain intact even if we are not morally responsible for our actions.
A Guide For The Perplexed
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Author : Ernst Friedrich Schumacher
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 1995
A Guide For The Perplexed written by Ernst Friedrich Schumacher and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Philosophy categories.
In this book Schumacher asserts that it is the task of philosphy to provide a map of life and knowledge. Questions such as 'How do I conduct my life?' or 'What is the meaning of religion?' are given their proper prominence.
Libertarian Free Will
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Author : David Palmer (Professor)
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2014
Libertarian Free Will written by David Palmer (Professor) and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Philosophy categories.
This book is a collection of new essays on the libertarian position on free will and related issues that focuses specifically on the views of philosopher Robert Kane. Written by a distinguished group of philosophers, the essays range from various areas of philosophy including metaphysics, ethics, and philosophy of mind.