Causation Coherence And Concepts
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Causation Coherence And Concepts
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Author : W. Spohn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-11-14
Causation Coherence And Concepts written by W. Spohn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-14 with Science categories.
In this collection I present 16 of my, I feel, more substantial papers on theoretical philosophy, 12 as originally published, one co-authored with Ulrike Haas-Spohn (Chapter14), one (Chapter 15) that was a brief conference commentary, but is in fact a suitable appendix to Chapter 14, one as a translation of a German paper (Chapter 12), and one newly written for this volume (Chapter 16), which, however, is only my recent attempt to properly and completely express an argument I had given in two earlier papers. I gratefully acknowledge permission of reprint from the relevant publishers at the beginning of each paper. In disciplinary terms the papers cover epistemology, general philosophy of science, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The section titles Belief, Causation, Laws, Coherence, and Concepts and the paper titles give a more adequate impression of the topics dealt with. The papers are tightly connected. I feel they might be even read as unfolding a program, though this program was never fully clear in my mind and still isn’t. In the Introduction I attempt to describe what this program might be, thus drawing a reconstructed red thread, or rather two red threads, through all the papers. This will serve, at the same time, as an overview over the papers collected.
The Palgrave Handbook Of Relational Sociology
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Author : François Dépelteau
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-01-10
The Palgrave Handbook Of Relational Sociology written by François Dépelteau and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-10 with Social Science categories.
This handbook on relational sociology covers a rapidly growing approach in the social sciences—one which is connected to the interests of a large, diverse pool of researchers across a range of disciplines. Relational sociology has been one of the key foundations of the “relational turn” in human sciences since the 1980s, and it offers a unique opportunity to redefine the basic epistemological and ontological principles of sociology as we know it. The contributors collected here aim to elucidate the complexity and the scope of this growing approach by dealing with three central questions: Where does relational sociology come from and what are its principal concerns? What are the main theoretical and methodological currents within relational sociology? What have we studied in relational sociology and what are the results?
Causation And Responsibility
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Author : Michael S. Moore
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-07-15
Causation And Responsibility written by Michael S. Moore and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-15 with Law categories.
The concept of causation is fundamental to ascribing moral and legal responsibility for events. Yet the relationship between causation and responsibility remains unclear. What precisely is the connection between the concept of causation used in attributing responsibility and the accounts of causal relations offered in the philosophy of science and metaphysics? How much of what we call causal responsibility is in truth defined by non-causal factors? This book argues that much of thelegal doctrine on these questions is confused and incoherent, and offers the first comprehensive attempt since Hart and Honoré to clarify the philosophical background to the legal and moral debates.The book first sets out the place of causation in criminal and tort law and outlines the metaphysics presupposed by the legal doctrine. It then analyses the best theoretical accounts of causation in the philosophy of science and metaphysics, and using these accounts criticises many of the core legal concepts surrounding causation - such as intervening causation, forseeability of harm and complicity. It considers and rejects the radical proposals to eliminate the notion of causation from law byusing risk analysis to attribute responsibility. The result of the analysis is a powerful argument for revising our understanding of the role played by causation in the attribution of legal and moral responsibility.
Creating A Memory Of Causal Relationships
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Author : Michael J. Pazzani
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Creating A Memory Of Causal Relationships written by Michael J. Pazzani and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Psychology categories.
This book presents a theory of learning new causal relationships by making use of perceived regularities in the environment, general knowledge of causality, and existing causal knowledge. Integrating ideas from the psychology of causation and machine learning, the author introduces a new learning procedure called theory-driven learning that uses abstract knowledge of causality to guide the induction process. Known as OCCAM, the system uses theory-driven learning when new experiences conform to common patterns of causal relationships, empirical learning to learn from novel experiences, and explanation-based learning when there is sufficient existing knowledge to explain why a new outcome occurred. Together these learning methods construct a hierarchical organized memory of causal relationships. As such, OCCAM is the first learning system with the ability to acquire, via empirical learning, the background knowledge required for explanation-based learning. Please note: This program runs on common lisp.
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning
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Author : Michael Waldmann
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning written by Michael Waldmann and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Philosophy categories.
The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning offers a state-of-the-art review of one of our most central cognitive competencies, which has for a long time been neglected in cognitive psychology. This Handbook provides introductions of competing theories of causal reasoning, and discusses its role in various cognitive functions and domains.
Ijcai 97
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Author : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence
language : en
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Release Date : 1997
Ijcai 97 written by International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence and has been published by Morgan Kaufmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Artificial intelligence categories.
How To Express Yourself With A Causal Connective
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Author : Mirna Pit
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-03-07
How To Express Yourself With A Causal Connective written by Mirna Pit and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-07 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Dutch, German and French languages display a variety of regularly used connectives all of which introduce causes, arguments or reasons, such as Dutch omdat, want and aangezien, German weil, denn and da, and French parce que, car and puisque. Why should languages have different connectives to express the notion of backward causality? The central argument developed in this book is that different connectives express different degrees of subjectivity. In a series of corpus analyses it is shown that the degree of subjectivity of the main participant involved in the causal relation strongly predicts the occurrence of one or another connective. Hence, language users have at their disposal connectives of varying degrees of subjectivity. In an analysis of judiciary sentences, it is revealed that speakers are actually sensitive of this semantic distinction, and sometimes even exploit it for their communicative purposes: in order to conceal their subjective involvement, judges prefer objective over subjective connectives. This volume makes a contribution to the study of language in use, by applying empirical methods to authentic language data. It will be of interest to anyone concerned with discourse coherence, perspective and subjectivity, corpus linguistics and cross-linguistic analyses.
The Understanding Of Causation And The Production Of Action
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Author : Peter Anthony White
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2018-10-24
The Understanding Of Causation And The Production Of Action written by Peter Anthony White and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-24 with Psychology categories.
This text is an attempt to trace out a line of development in the understanding of how things happen, from origins in infancy to mature forms in adulthood. There are two distinct but related ways in which people understand things as happening, denoted by the terms "causation" and "action". This book is concerned with both.; The central claim and organizing principle of the book is that, by the end of the second year of life, children have differentiated two core theories of how things happen. These theories deal with causation and action. The two theories have a common point of origin in the infant's experience of producing actions, but thereafter diverge, both in content and in realm of application. Once established, the core theories of causation and action never change, but form a permanent metaphysical underpinning on which subsequent developments in the understanding of how things happen are erected. The story of development is therefore largely the story of how further concepts become attached to integrated with the core theories. Although the developmental and adult literatures on causal understanding appear at first glance to have little in common, in fact this appearance is illusory, and the idea of two theories helps to bring the two literatures in contact with each other.; The book begins with a survey of the main philosophical ideas about causation and action. Following this, the possible origins of understanding in infancy are reviewed, and separate chapters then deal with the development of understanding of action and causation through childhood. This is then linked to the adult understanding of action and causation, and the literature on adult causal attribution and causal judgement is reviewed from this perspective.
Narrative Comprehension Causality And Coherence
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Author : Susan R. Goldman
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 1999-08-01
Narrative Comprehension Causality And Coherence written by Susan R. Goldman and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-08-01 with Psychology categories.
This volume provides an excellent overview of the field of discourse processes, capturing both its breadth and its depth. World-renowned researchers present the latest theoretical developments and thought-provoking empirical data. In doing so, they cover a broad range of communicative activities, including text comprehension, conversational communication, argumentation, television or media viewing, and more. A central theme across all chapters concerns the notion that coherence determines the interpretation of the communication. The various chapters illustrate the many forms that coherence can take, and explore its role in different communicative settings.
Causality
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Author : Judea Pearl
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-09-14
Causality written by Judea Pearl and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-14 with Computers categories.
Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...