Causes And Consequences Of Forest Growth Trends In Europe
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Causes And Consequences Of Forest Growth Trends In Europe
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Author : Hans-Peter Kahle
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2008-05-31
Causes And Consequences Of Forest Growth Trends In Europe written by Hans-Peter Kahle and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Forest growth in Europe has been increasing during the last decades. Several possible causes have been suggested. In this book complementary approaches are used to discriminate between factors. Increased nitrogen availability is indicated as the major cause of the observed growth increase. In the future, direct temperature effects and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration are likely to become more important.
Causes And Consequences Of Forest Growth Trends In Europe
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Author : Hans-Peter Kahle
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2008-04-21
Causes And Consequences Of Forest Growth Trends In Europe written by Hans-Peter Kahle and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-21 with Science categories.
Forest growth in Europe has been increasing during the last decades. Several possible causes have been suggested. In this book complementary approaches are used to discriminate between factors. Increased nitrogen availability is indicated as the major cause of the observed growth increase. In the future, direct temperature effects and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration are likely to become more important.
Growth Trends In European Forests
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Author : Heinrich Spiecker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Growth Trends In European Forests written by Heinrich Spiecker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The European Forest Institute (EFI) has five Research and Development priority ar eas: forest sustainability, forestry and possible climate change, structural changes in markets for forest products and services, policy analysis, and forest sector informa tion services and research methodology. In the area of forest sustainability our most important activity has been the project "Growth trends of European forests", the re sults of which are presented in this book. The project was started in August 1993 under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Heinrich Spiecker from the University of Freiburg, Germany, and it is one of the first EFI's research projects after its establishment in 1993. The main purpose of the project was to analyse whether site productivity has changed in European forests during the last decades. While several forest growth studies have been published at local, re gional and national levels, this project has aimed at stimulating a joint effort in iden tifying and quantifying possible growth trends and their spatial and temporal extent at the European level. Debate on forest decline and possible climate change, as well as considerations re lated to the long term supply of wood underline the importance of this project, both from environmental and industrial points of view. Knowledge on possible changes in growth trends is vital for the sustainable management of forest ecosystems.
Global Climate Change And Human Impacts On Forest Ecosystems
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Author : J. Puhe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Global Climate Change And Human Impacts On Forest Ecosystems written by J. Puhe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The inclusion of forests as potential biological sinks in the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1997 has attracted international attention and again has put scientific and political focus on the world's forests, regarding their state and development. The international discus sion induced by the Kyoto Protocol has clearly shown that not only the tropical rain forests are endangered by man's activities, but also that the forest ecosystems of boreal, temperate, mediterranean and subtropical regions have been drastically modified. Deforestation on a large scale, burning, over-exploitation, and the degra dation of the biological diversity are well-known symptoms in forests all over the world. This negative development happens in spite of the already existing knowledge of the benefits of forests on global energy and water regimes, the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements as well as on the biological and cultural diversity. The reasons why man does not take care of forests properly are manifold and complex and there is no easy solution how to change the existing negative trends. One reason that makes it so difficult to assess the impacts of human activity on the future development of forests is the large time scale in which forests react, ranging from decades to centuries.
Global Climate Change And Human Impacts On Forest Ecosystems
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Author : J. Puhe
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2011-10-09
Global Climate Change And Human Impacts On Forest Ecosystems written by J. Puhe and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-09 with Science categories.
The inclusion of forests as potential biological sinks in the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1997 has attracted international attention and again has put scientific and political focus on the world's forests, regarding their state and development. The international discus sion induced by the Kyoto Protocol has clearly shown that not only the tropical rain forests are endangered by man's activities, but also that the forest ecosystems of boreal, temperate, mediterranean and subtropical regions have been drastically modified. Deforestation on a large scale, burning, over-exploitation, and the degra dation of the biological diversity are well-known symptoms in forests all over the world. This negative development happens in spite of the already existing knowledge of the benefits of forests on global energy and water regimes, the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements as well as on the biological and cultural diversity. The reasons why man does not take care of forests properly are manifold and complex and there is no easy solution how to change the existing negative trends. One reason that makes it so difficult to assess the impacts of human activity on the future development of forests is the large time scale in which forests react, ranging from decades to centuries.
Causes And Consequences Of Accelerating Tree Growth In Europe
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Author : Timo Karjalainen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Causes And Consequences Of Accelerating Tree Growth In Europe written by Timo Karjalainen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Electronic books categories.
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition To Global Forests
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Author : Enzai Du
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-10-22
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition To Global Forests written by Enzai Du and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-22 with Nature categories.
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in Global Forests: Spatial Variation, Impacts, and Management Implications provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests, as well as forest management options to mitigate the negative impacts. Written and edited by international experts in the field, this book synthesizes recent research developments and insights in monitoring and modeling nitrogen deposition in global forests. The book also assesses ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition on forest structure and function and responses of forest ecosystems to decreasing nitrogen deposition in regions such as the European Union and North America. Finally, the book reviews indicators and thresholds for nitrogen saturation in global forests and analyzes remediation options to reduce impacts of excess nitrogen deposition. This is an important resource for researchers in forestry and biodiversity conservation, as well as graduate students, policymakers and others who want to understand environmental issues of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests. Offers a systematic view of the ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition Provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and the ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests Presents expert research and findings on forest management options to remediate negative impacts
The European Nitrogen Assessment
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Author : Mark A. Sutton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-04-14
The European Nitrogen Assessment written by Mark A. Sutton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-14 with Science categories.
Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.
World Forests Markets And Policies
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Author : Matti Palo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-12-31
World Forests Markets And Policies written by Matti Palo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-31 with Nature categories.
This book offers information and insights into the potential of market and policy instruments in improving the state of the world's forests. It advocates the use of the concept of optimal mix of markets and policies as an approach to view the appropriate and operational roles of market and government in dealing with forestry issues. It does not offer a list of policy recommendations to be used as a general tool to combat the threats facing the world's forests. Obviously, the optimal mix of markets and policies must depend on the varying national and local conditions and, more specifically, on the level of development. The contents of this volume are organized in five Parts. Part I, Editorial Perspectives, briefly reviews the outline of the book and analyses the balanced use of markets and policies to support world forests towards sustainable forest management. Part II reviews changes and trends in society and environment outside the forest sector. After all, the evolution of forestry and forest industries is more dependent on these external changes than on changes internal to the sector. Two important aspects that may strongly affect the future of the forest sector are covered: the potential of wood biomass in replacing oil and the global freshwater outlook. Part III focuses on the importance of forests and is primarily aimed at those outside the forest sector. Current innovations in information technology and the fast removal of government regulations have enabled forest industry corporations to invest on a larger scale in optimal locations worldwide. The rapid expansion of forest plantations in the South is a response not only to globalization but also to the expanding conservation pressures in the North. Part IV is the global forum that introduces a few topical forest sector issues affecting the world as a whole. However, these tend to be very complex and can rarely be adequately covered from a single perspective. Therefore, discussants were invited to bring up additional points of view. Forests have great potential in the control of climate change. This is analyzed through both the increased use of wood for energy and the possible forestry investments by Northern nations in the South to cope with the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. The interlinkages of forests and water are also highlighted. Part V is entitled Regional Forum. Its purpose is to analyze globally relevant continental issues. Interregional studies are followed by articles focusing on Latin America, Africa, Asia and the Pacific, North America, Europe, and the Russian Federation. The role of the G8 economic powers in the development of the world's forests is studied from the days of imperialism to the current Action Programme on Forests, and the implementation of the programme is followed up. A number of comparative analyses of countries are presented. The impacts of globalization on the forest sector in the Russian Far East and reforms in support of sustainable forest management in Russia are the two final themes of the book.
Development Of European Forests Until 2050
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Author : G.J. Nabuurs
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-11-22
Development Of European Forests Until 2050 written by G.J. Nabuurs and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In Europe, forest policy discussions are moving towards a European-Union-wide strategy. This will further strengthen the relations between the European countries in the field of forests and forest management. European-wide forest planning and decision-making require that policy-makers have insight in the long-term development of European forests under alternative regimes. The European Forest Information Scenario Model (EFISCEN) was used to make projections of the development of the European forests under four different scenarios. This book addresses the consequences of each scenario for wood production, biodiversity, and the environmental functions of the forest. The results provide policy-makers with a challenge of whether to intervene in the ongoing trend of build-up of growing stock and whether to choose between enhancing biodiversity, increasing the use of domestically produced wood products, or to combine them.