Chloroplast Biotechnology For Crop Improvement
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Chloroplast Biotechnology For Crop Improvement
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Author : Clelia De-la-Peña
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-03-03
Chloroplast Biotechnology For Crop Improvement written by Clelia De-la-Peña and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-03 with Science categories.
Molecular Biology And Biotechnology Of Plant Organelles
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Author : Henry Daniell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004
Molecular Biology And Biotechnology Of Plant Organelles written by Henry Daniell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
Plant organelles have intrigued biologists since the discovery of their endosymbiontic origin and maternal inheritance. The first application of organelle biotechnology was the role of cytoplasmic male sterility in hybrid seed production and "Green Revolution". In modern times, plant organelles are again leading the way for the creation of genetically modified crops. On a global scale, 75% of GM crops are engineered for herbicide resistance and most of these herbicides target pathways that reside within plastids. Several thousand proteins are imported into chloroplasts that participate in biosynthesis of fatty acids, amino acids, pigments, nucleotides and numerous metabolic pathways including photosynthesis. Thus, from green revolution to golden rice, plant organelles have played a critical role in revolutionizing agriculture. This book details not only basic concepts and current understanding of plant organelle genetics and molecular biology but also focuses on the synergy between basic biology and biotechnology. Forty four authors from nine countries have contributed twenty four chapters containing many figures and tables. Section 1 on organelle genomes and proteomes discusses molecular features of plastid and mitochondrial genomes, evolutinary origins, somatic and sexual inheritance, proteomics, bioinformatics and functional genomics. Section 2 on organelle gene expression and signalling discusses transcription, translation, RNA processing/editing, introns and splicing, protein synthesis, proteolysis, import of proteins into chloroplast and mitochondria and their regulation. Section 3 on organelle biotechnology discusses chloroplast and nuclear genetic engineering for biotic/abiotic stress tolerance, improved fatty acid/amino acid biosynthesis, biopharmaceuticals, biopolymers and biomaterials, cytoplasmic male sterility for hybrid seed production, plant improvement and restoration of fertility. This book is designed to serve as a comprehensive volume and reference guide for teachers, advanced undergraduates and graduate students and researchers in plant molecular biology and biotechnology.
Biochemical Aspects Of Crop Improvement
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Author : K. R. Khanna
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1990-12-19
Biochemical Aspects Of Crop Improvement written by K. R. Khanna and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book provides a comprehensive review at the biochemical and molecular level of the processes and techniques that contribute to crop improvement. General topics include a historical perspective of the advancements in crop improvement; cultivar systematics and biochemical and molecular markers in crop improvement programs; the genetics of physiological and biochemical processes affecting crop yield; the genetics of photosynthesis, chloroplast, relevant enzymes, and mutations; osmoregulation/adjustment and the production of protective compounds in relation to drought tolerance; and the biochemistry of disease resistance, including elicitors, defense response genes, their role in the production of phytoalexins and other strategies against pathogens. Other topics include quality breeding (e.g., molecular gene structure, changing individual amino acids, enhancing nutritive value of proteins) and biotechnology/genetic engineering. Geneticists, biochemists, botanists, agricultural specialists and others involved in crop improvement and breeding should consider this volume essential reading.
Chloroplast Biotechnology
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Author : Pal Maliga
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Chloroplast Biotechnology written by Pal Maliga and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Biotechnology categories.
This second edition volume expands on the previous edition with updated chapters in model systems and new crops. The book contains protocols for plastid engineering in leaves, tissue culture cells, and the shoot apex of plants, as well as for marker excision from the plastid genome and engineering Rubisco, the key enzyme of photosynthesis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and practical, Chloroplast Biotechnology: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for researchers who wish to enter the field, and for practitioners looking for insights of applications in agriculture, industrial biotechnology and healthcare.
Crop Improvement Utilizing Biotechnology
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Author : Rup Lal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-07-23
Crop Improvement Utilizing Biotechnology written by Rup Lal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-23 with Science categories.
This book discusses; somaclonal variation in crop improvement, the role of tissue culture in rapid clonal propagation and production of pathogen-free plant, protoplasts in crop improvement, cell selection and long-term high-frequency regeneration of cereals and legumes, agrobacteria-mediated gene transformation and vectors for gene cloning in plants, and plant frost injury and its management.
Applications Of Genetic Engineering To Crop Improvement
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Author : G.B. Collins
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Applications Of Genetic Engineering To Crop Improvement written by G.B. Collins and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The contributions of plant genetics to the production of higher yielding crops of superior quality are well documented. These successes have been realized through the application of plant breeding techniques to a diverse array of genetically controlled traits. Such highly effective breeding procedures will continue to be the primary method employed for the development of new crop cultivars; however, new techniques in cell and molecular biology will provide additional approaches for genetic modification. There has been considerable speculation recently concerning the potential impact of new techniques in cell and molecular biology on plant improvement. These genetic engineering techniques should offer unique opportunities to alter the genetic makeup of crops if applied to existing breeding procedures. Many questions must be answered in order to identify specific applications of these new technologies. This search for applications will require input from plant scientists working on various aspects of crop improvement. This volume is intended to assess the interrelationships between conventional plant breeding and genetic engineering.
Advances In Plastid Biology And Its Applications
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Author : Niaz Ahmad
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-12-12
Advances In Plastid Biology And Its Applications written by Niaz Ahmad and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-12 with Botany categories.
One of the distinguishing features of plants is the presence of membrane-bound organelles called plastids. Starting from proplastids (undifferentiated plastids) they readily develop into specialised types, which are involved in a range of cellular functions such as photosynthesis, nitrogen assimilation, biosynthesis of sucrose, starch, chlorophyll, carotenoids, fatty acids, amino acids, and secondary metabolites as well as a number of metabolic reactions like sulphur metabolism, The central role of plastids in many aspects of plant cell biology means an in-depth understanding is key for a holistic view of plant physiology. Despite the vast amount of research, the molecular details of many aspects of plastid biology remains limited. Plastids possess their own high-copy number genome known as the plastome. Manipulation of the plastid genome has been developed as an alternative way to developing transgenic plants for various biotechnological applications. High-copy number of the plastome, site-specific integration of transgenes through homologous recombination, and potential to express proteins at high levels (>70% of total soluble proteins has been reported in some cases) are some of the technologies being developed. Additionally, plastids are inherited maternally, providing a natural gene containment system, and do not follow Mendelian laws of inheritance, allowing each individual member of the progeny of a transplastomic line to uniformly express transgene(s). Both algal and higher plant chloroplast transformation has been demonstrated, and with the ability to be propagated either in bioreactors or in the field, both systems are well suited for scale up of production. The manipulation of chloroplast genes is also essential for many approaches that attempt to increase biomass accumulation or re-routing metabolic pathways for biofortification, food and fuel production. This includes metabolic engineering for lipid production, adapting the light harvesting apparatus to improve solar conversion efficiencies and engineering means of suppressing photorespiration in crop species, which range from the introduction of artificial carbon concentrating mechanisms, or those pre-existing elsewhere in nature, to bypassing ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase entirely. The purpose of this eBook is to provide a compilation of the latest research on various aspects of plastid biology including basic biology, biopharming, metabolic engineering, bio-fortification, stress physiology, and biofuel production.
Crop Biotechnology
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Author : P.R. Yadav
language : en
Publisher: Discovery Publishing House
Release Date : 2006
Crop Biotechnology written by P.R. Yadav and has been published by Discovery Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Crops categories.
Contents: Introduction, Genetic Modification of Crops, Crop Improvement, Molecular Farming, Crop Quality, Crop Production, Crop Diseases, GM Crops, Crop Evaluation, Safety Evaluation, Plants in Animal Feeding, Weed Interfering Crop Production, Insect, Mite, and Nematode Pests.
Chloroplast Biotechnology
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Author : Pal Maliga
language : en
Publisher: Humana
Release Date : 2014-03-05
Chloroplast Biotechnology written by Pal Maliga and has been published by Humana this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-05 with Science categories.
In Chloroplast Biotechnology: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used in chloroplast molecular biology. Chapters focus on essential background information, applications in tobacco and protocols for plastid transformation in crops and Chlamydomonas and Bryophytes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoidance of known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Chloroplast Biotechnology: Methods and Protocols seek to aid scientists who study chloroplast molecular biology as well as those interested in applications in agriculture, industrial biotechnology and healthcare.
Advanced Methods In Plant Breeding And Biotechnology
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Author : David Ronald Murray
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1991
Advanced Methods In Plant Breeding And Biotechnology written by David Ronald Murray and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Medical categories.
Breeding plants for the twenty-first century; Chromosomal organization and gene mapping; Gene transfer to plants using Agrobacterium; Electroporation for direct gene transfer into plant protoplasts; Microprojectile techniques for direct gene transfer into intact plant cells; Localization of transferred genes in genetically modifically modified plants; Somatic embryogenesis: potential for use in propagation and gene transfer systems; Chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes: manipulation through somatic hybridization; Modification of the chloroplast genome with particular reference to herbicide resistance; Breeding for resistance to insects; Resistance to fungal diseases; Advances in breeding for resistance to bacterial pathogens; Genetic engineering for resistance to viruses; Breeding for resistance to physiological stresses.