Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Author : Mark Holt
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2012-10-07
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Mark Holt and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-07 with Science categories.
This report looks at the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA), Yucca Mountain, and the Obama Administration's de-funding of Yucca Mountain. Federal policy is based on the premise that nuclear waste can be disposed of safely, but proposed storage and disposal facilities have frequently been challenged on safety, health, and environmental grounds. Most of the current debate surrounding civilian radioactive waste focuses on highly radioactive spent fuel from nuclear power plants.
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Author : Congressional Research Service
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-11-13
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Congressional Research Service and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-13 with categories.
Management of civilian radioactive waste has posed difficult issues for Congress since the beginning of the nuclear power industry in the 1950s. Federal policy is based on the premise that nuclear waste can be disposed of safely, but proposed storage and disposal facilities have frequently been challenged on safety, health, and environmental grounds. Although civilian radioactive waste encompasses a wide range of materials, most of the current debate focuses on highly radioactive spent fuel from nuclear power plants. The United States currently has no disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) calls for disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a deep geologic repository. NWPA established the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) in the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop such a repository, which would be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Amendments to NWPA in 1987 restricted DOE's repository site studies to Yucca Mountain in Nevada. DOE submitted a license application for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository to NRC on June 3, 2008. The State of Nevada strongly opposes the Yucca Mountain project, citing excessive water infiltration, earthquakes, volcanoes, human intrusion, and other technical issues. Licensing and design work for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository was halted under the Obama Administration, which cited continued opposition from Nevada. However, the Trump Administration included funds to restart Yucca Mountain licensing in its FY2018 budget submission to Congress on March 16, 2017. The House-passed omnibus appropriations bill for FY2018 (H.R. 3354, H.Rept. 115-230) includes the Administration's proposed funding for Yucca Mountain. However, the FY2018 Energy and Water Development Appropriations bill approved by the Senate Appropriations Committee (S. 1609, S.Rept. 115-132) would provide no funding. Although no funding has been appropriated for Yucca Mountain activities since FY2010, a federal appeals court on August 13, 2013, ordered NRC to continue the licensing process with previously appropriated funds. The NRC staff completed its safety evaluation report on Yucca Mountain on January 29, 2015, concluding that the repository would meet NRC standards after specific additional actions were taken, such as acquisition of land and water rights. After halting the Yucca Mountain project, the Obama Administration established the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future to develop an alternative nuclear waste policy. The commission issued its final report on January 26, 2012, recommending a "consent based" process for siting nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities. After OCRWM was dismantled, responsibility for implementing the Obama Administration's nuclear waste policy was given to DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy (NE). In January 2013, NE issued a nuclear waste strategy based on the Blue Ribbon Commission recommendations. The strategy called for a pilot interim storage facility for spent fuel from closed nuclear reactors to open by 2021 and a larger storage facility to open by 2025. A site for a permanent underground waste repository would be selected by 2026, and the repository would open by 2048. DOE issued a draft consent-based nuclear waste siting process on January 12, 2017. A bill to provide the necessary land controls for the planned Yucca Mountain repository (H.R. 3053) was ordered reported by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce on June 28, 2017. As amended by the committee, the bill would authorize DOE to store commercial waste from nuclear power plants at a nonfederal interim storage facility. It would also increase the capacity limit on the Yucca Mountain repository from 70,000 to 110,000 metric tons, in comparison with the 76,500 metric tons currently stored at U.S. nuclear plants, and provide mandatory funding for specific stages of repository development.
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Author : Mark Holt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Mark Holt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Electronic books categories.
Management of civilian radioactive waste has posed difficult issues for Congress since the beginning of the nuclear power industry in the 1950s. Federal policy is based on the premise that nuclear waste can be disposed of safely, but proposed storage and disposal facilities have frequently been challenged on safety, health, and environmental grounds. Although civilian radioactive waste encompasses a wide range of materials, most of the current debate focuses on highly radioactive spent fuel from nuclear power plants. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) calls for disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a deep geologic repository. NWPA established an office in the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop such a repository and required the program's civilian costs to be covered by a fee on nuclear-generated electricity, paid into the Nuclear Waste Fund. Amendments to NWPA in 1987 restricted DOE's repository site studies to Yucca Mountain in Nevada. DOE is studying numerous scientific issues at Yucca Mountain in pursuing a license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for the planned repository. Major questions about the site include the likelihood of earthquakes, volcanoes, water infiltration, and human intrusion. The FY2009 budget request for the nuclear waste program is $494.7 million, 28% above the FY2008 appropriation. However, the FY2008 level of $386.4 million is about $50 million below the FY2007 level and more than $100 million below the Administration's FY2008 request. The House Appropriations Committee approved DOE's full request for FY2009, and the Senate Appropriations Committee recommended $388.4 million. Funding for the program is currently under a continuing resolution (P.L. 110-329). NWPA's goal for starting to load waste into the repository was 1998, but that date has been pushed back repeatedly. The latest budget cuts are likely to delay waste shipments to Yucca Mountain until at least 2020, according to program managers. DOE submitted a license application for the repository to NRC June 3, 2008, and NRC docketed the application September 8, 2008. NWPA requires NRC to issue a licensing decision within four years of receiving DOE's application. The NRC license is to be based on radiation exposure standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency, which issued revised standards September 30, 2008. The Administration proposed legislation on March 6, 2007, to repeal the statutory cap on the amount of waste at Yucca Mountain, reduce the scope of environmental reviews for the repository, change budget procedures so that program funding could be increased more easily, exempt nuclear waste sent to Yucca Mountain from disposal requirements under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and allow preemption of state and local transportation requirements. A similar bill (H.R. 5360, S. 2589) did not pass in the 109th Congress.
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Author : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-10-28
Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-28 with categories.
Management of civilian radioactive waste has posed difficult issues for Congress since the beginning of the nuclear power industry in the 1950s. Federal policy is based on the premise that nuclear waste can be disposed of safely, but proposed storage and disposal facilities have frequently been challenged on safety, health, and environmental grounds. Although civilian radioactive waste encompasses a wide range of materials, most of the current debate focuses on highly radioactive spent fuel from nuclear power plants. The United States currently has no disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) calls for disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a deep geologic repository. NWPA established the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) in the Department of Energy (DOE) to develop such a repository, which would be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Amendments to NWPA in 1987 restricted DOE's repository site studies to Yucca Mountain in Nevada. DOE submitted a license application for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository to NRC on June 3, 2008. The state of Nevada strongly opposes the Yucca Mountain project, citing excessive water infiltration, earthquakes, volcanoes, human intrusion, and other technical issues. The Obama Administration "has determined that developing the Yucca Mountain repository is not a workable option and the Nation needs a different solution for nuclear waste disposal," according to the DOE FY2011 budget justification. As a result, no funding for Yucca Mountain, OCRWM, or NRC licensing was requested or provided for FY2011 or subsequent years. DOE filed a motion with NRC to withdraw the Yucca Mountain license application on March 3, 2010. An NRC licensing board denied DOE's withdrawal motion on June 29, 2010, a decision sustained by the NRC commissioners on a tie vote September 9, 2011. Despite that decision, NRC halted further consideration of the license application because of "budgetary limitations," but a federal appeals court on August 13, 2013, ordered NRC to continue the licensing process with previously appropriated funds. After halting the Yucca Mountain project, the Administration established the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future to develop an alternative nuclear waste policy. The commission issued its final report on January 26, 2012, recommending that a new, "single-purpose organization" be given the authority and resources to promptly begin developing one or more nuclear waste repositories and consolidated storage facilities. The commission recommended a "consent based" process for siting nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities and that long-term research, development, and demonstration be conducted on technologies that could provide waste disposal benefits.
Mission Plan For The Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program Public Comments On The Draft Mission Plan
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Author : United States. Department of Energy. Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Mission Plan For The Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program Public Comments On The Draft Mission Plan written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Radioactive waste disposal categories.
Civilian Radioactive Waste Disposal
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Civilian Radioactive Waste Disposal written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Hazardous waste sites categories.
Department Of Energy S Civilian Nuclear Waste Program
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Department Of Energy S Civilian Nuclear Waste Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Radioactive waste disposal categories.
Supplement To The Draft Environmental Impact Statement For A Geologic Repository For The Disposal Of Spent Nuclear Fuel And High Level Radioactive Waste At Yucca Mountain Nye County Nevada
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Author : United States. Department of Energy. Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Supplement To The Draft Environmental Impact Statement For A Geologic Repository For The Disposal Of Spent Nuclear Fuel And High Level Radioactive Waste At Yucca Mountain Nye County Nevada written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Environmental impact analysis categories.
Nuclear Waste Disposal
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Author : Mark Holt
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-02
Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Mark Holt and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Contents: (1) Proposals for a New Direction; (2) Baseline: Current Waste Program Projections; (3) Options for Halting or Delaying Yucca Mountain: Withdraw License Application; Reduce Appropriations; Key Policy Appointments; Waste Program Review; (4) Consequences of a Yucca Mountain Policy Shift: Federal Liabilities for Disposal Delays; Licensing Complications for New Power Reactors; Environmental Cleanup Penalties; Long-Term Risk; (5) Nuclear Waste Policy: Options; Institutional Changes; Extended On-Site Storage; Federal Central Interim Storage; Private Central Storage; Spent Fuel Reprocessing and Recycling; Non-Repository Options; New Repository Site; (6) Concluding Discussion.
Mission Plan For The Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Mission Plan For The Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Radioactive waste disposal categories.