Civilian Participants In The Cultural Revolution
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Civilian Participants In The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Francis K. T. Mok
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-11-25
Civilian Participants In The Cultural Revolution written by Francis K. T. Mok and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-25 with Social Science categories.
In the ten years of the Cultural Revolution, political persecutions, violation of rights, deprivation of freedom, violence and brutality were daily occurrences. Especially striking is the huge number of ordinary civilians who were involved in inflicting pain and suffering on their comrades, colleagues, friends, neighbors, and even family members. The large-scale and systematic form of violence and injustice that was witnessed differs from that in countries like Chile under military rule or South Africa during apartheid in that such acts were largely committed by ordinary people instead of officials in uniforms. Mok asks how we should assess the moral responsibility of these wrongdoers, if any, for the harm they did both voluntarily and involuntarily. After the death of Chairman Mao, there was a trial of the Gang of Four, who were condemned as the chief perpetrators of the Cultural Revolution. Besides, tens of millions of officials and cadres who were wrongly accused and unfairly treated were subsequently cleared and reinstated under the new leadership. However, justice has not yet been fully done because no legal or political mechanism has ever been established for the massive number of civilian perpetrators to answer for all sorts of violence inflicted on other civilians, to make peace with their victims, and to make amends. The numerous civilians who participated need to come to terms with the people they wronged in those turbulent years. Justice in general and transitional justice in particular may still be pursued by taking the first steps to clarify and identify the moral burden and responsibility that may legitimately be ascribed to the various types of participant. This book will be of interest to anyone who studies the Cultural Revolution of China, especially those who are concerned with the ethical dimension.
Civilian Participants In The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Francis K. T. Mok
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Civilian Participants In The Cultural Revolution written by Francis K. T. Mok and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Social Science categories.
In the ten years of the Cultural Revolution, political persecutions, violation of rights, deprivation of freedom, violence and brutality were daily occurrences. Especially striking is the huge number of ordinary civilians who were involved in inflicting pain and suffering on their comrades, colleagues, friends, neighbors, and even family members. The large-scale and systematic form of violence and injustice that was witnessed differs from that in countries like Chile under military rule or South Africa during apartheid in that such acts were largely committed by ordinary people instead of officials in uniforms. Mok asks how we should assess the moral responsibility of these wrongdoers, if any, for the harm they did both voluntarily and involuntarily. After the death of Chairman Mao, there was a trial of the Gang of Four, who were condemned as the chief perpetrators of the Cultural Revolution. Besides, tens of millions of officials and cadres who were wrongly accused and unfairly treated were subsequently cleared and reinstated under the new leadership. However, justice has not yet been fully done because no legal or political mechanism has ever been established for the massive number of civilian perpetrators to answer for all sorts of violence inflicted on other civilians, to make peace with their victims, and to make amends. The numerous civilians who participated need to come to terms with the people they wronged in those turbulent years. Justice in general and transitional justice in particular may still be pursued by taking the first steps to clarify and identify the moral burden and responsibility that may legitimately be ascribed to the various types of participant. This book will be of interest to anyone who studies the Cultural Revolution of China, especially those who are concerned with the ethical dimension.
Gun Barrel Politics
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Author : Fang Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-13
Gun Barrel Politics written by Fang Zhu and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-13 with History categories.
This book tests the model of civil-military dualism to explain People's Liberation Army's (PLA) political engagement and its loyalty to the party in Maoist China. It explores how the party maintained its control— through penetration of the armed forces or non-intervention and civilian control.
The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Michel Oksenberg
language : en
Publisher: U of M Center for Chinese Studies
Release Date : 2020-08
The Cultural Revolution written by Michel Oksenberg and has been published by U of M Center for Chinese Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08 with categories.
The Chinese Communist system was from its very inception based on an inherent contradiction and tension, and the Cultural Revolution is the latest and most violent manifestation of that contradiction. Built into the very structure of the system was an inner conflict between the desiderata, the imperatives, and the requirements that technocratic modernization on the one hand and Maoist values and strategy on the other. The Cultural Revolution collects four papers prepared for a research conference on the topic convened by the University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies in March 1968. Michel Oksenberg opens the volume by examining the impact of the Cultural Revolution on occupational groups including peasants, industrial managers and workers, intellectuals, students, party and government officials, and the military. Carl Riskin is concerned with the economic effects of the revolution, taking up production trends in agriculture and industry, movements in foreign trade, and implications of Masoist economic policies for China's economic growth. Robert A. Scalapino turns to China's foreign policy behavior during this period, arguing that Chinese Communists in general, and Mao in particular, formed foreign policy with a curious combination of cosmic, utopian internationalism and practical ethnocentrism rooted both in Chinese tradition and Communist experience. Ezra F. Vogel closes the volume by exploring the structure of the conflict, the struggles between factions, and the character of those factions.
Chinese Foreign Policy During The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Barbara Barnouin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 1998
Chinese Foreign Policy During The Cultural Revolution written by Barbara Barnouin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with History categories.
First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Richard Curt Kraus
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2012-01-17
The Cultural Revolution written by Richard Curt Kraus and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-17 with History categories.
Examines the radical Chinese Communist movement called the Cultural Revolution, a period of suppression so controversial in China, that the Chinese government forbids a full investigation into it even 50 years later. Original.
The Red Guard
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Author : Hans Granqvist
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
The Red Guard written by Hans Granqvist and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with China categories.
Translation and updating of Kinas Roda garde.
China S Civilian Army
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Author : Peter Martin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
China S Civilian Army written by Peter Martin and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with HISTORY categories.
The founder -- Shadow diplomacy -- War by other means -- Chasing respectability -- Between truth and lies -- Diplomacy in retreat -- Selective integration -- Rethinking capitalism -- The fightback -- Ambition realized -- Overreach.
A Social History Of Maoist China
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Author : Felix Wemheuer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-03-28
A Social History Of Maoist China written by Felix Wemheuer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-28 with History categories.
This new social history of Maoist China provides an accessible view of the complex and tumultuous period when China came under Communist rule.
The Cultural Revolution
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Author : Frank Dikötter
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2016-05-05
The Cultural Revolution written by Frank Dikötter and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-05 with History categories.
Acclaimed by the Daily Mail as 'definitive and harrowing' , this is the final volume of 'The People's Trilogy', begun by the Samuel Johnson prize-winning Mao's Great Famine. After the economic disaster of the Great Leap Forward that claimed tens of millions of lives between 1958 and 1962, an ageing Mao launched an ambitious scheme to shore up his reputation and eliminate those he viewed as a threat to his legacy. The stated goal of the Cultural Revolution was to purge the country of bourgeois, capitalist elements he claimed were threatening genuine communist ideology. But the Chairman also used the Cultural Revolution to turn on his colleagues, some of them longstanding comrades-in-arms, subjecting them to public humiliation, imprisonment and torture. Young students formed Red Guards, vowing to defend the Chairman to the death, but soon rival factions started fighting each other in the streets with semi-automatic weapons in the name of revolutionary purity. As the country descended into chaos, the military intervened, turning China into a garrison state marked by bloody purges that crushed as many as one in fifty people. When the army itself fell victim to the Cultural Revolution, ordinary people used the political chaos to resurrect the marked and hollow out the party's ideology. In short, they buried Maoism. In-depth interviews and archival research at last give voice to the people and the complex choices they faced, undermining the picture of conformity that is often understood to have characterised the last years of Mao's regime. By demonstrating that decollectivisation from below was an unintended consequence of a decade of violent purges and entrenched fear, Frank Dikotter casts China's most tumultuous era in a wholly new light. Written with unprecedented access to previously classified party documents from secret police reports to unexpurgated versions of leadership speeches, this third chapter in Frank Dikotter's extraordinarily lucid and ground-breaking 'People's Trilogy' is a devastating reassessment of the history of the People's Republic of China.