Classical Probability In The Enlightenment
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Classical Probability In The Enlightenment
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Author : Lorraine Daston
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 1988
Classical Probability In The Enlightenment written by Lorraine Daston and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with History categories.
"This book presents a comprehensive, insightful survey of the history of probability, both in terms of its scientific and its social uses. . . . It represents a substantial contribution not only to the history of probability but also to our understanding of the Enlightenment in general".--Joseph W. Dauben, "American Scientist".
Victorian Science In Context
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Author : Bernard Lightman
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1997-10
Victorian Science In Context written by Bernard Lightman and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-10 with History categories.
Victorian Science in Context captures the essence of this fascination, charting the many ways in which science influenced and was influenced by the larger Victorian culture. Leading scholars in history, literature, and the history of science explore questions such as, What did science mean to the Victorians? For whom was Victorian science written? What ideological messages did it convey?
Probabilities Hypotheticals And Counterfactuals In Ancient Greek Thought
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Author : Victoria Wohl
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-09-11
Probabilities Hypotheticals And Counterfactuals In Ancient Greek Thought written by Victoria Wohl and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-11 with History categories.
This book examines ancient Greek thinking about the probable, hypothetical, and counterfactual across a variety of disciplines (philosophy, science, politics, literature, art).
J M Keynes And The History Of Probability
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Author : Francisco Javier Aristimuño
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-03-18
J M Keynes And The History Of Probability written by Francisco Javier Aristimuño and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-18 with Business & Economics categories.
John Maynard Keynes is best known for his contributions to economics, yet he spent nearly two decades exploring the concept of probability. His extensive work culminated in A Treatise on Probability (1921), in which he developed a unique notion of probability that continues to divide scholars regarding its relevance to economic theory. This book delves into the connections between Keynes’s ideas on probability and those of early Enlightenment philosophers, such as Locke, Leibniz, and Hume, who worked on probability before mathematicians claimed ownership over the subject. These authors framed probability as a substitute for knowledge when it is not available. Keynes extended these ideas and engaged directly with Hume on inductive reasoning, placing his concept of probability within a broader philosophical tradition. By tracing these Enlightenment roots, this book provides deeper insight into Keynes’s understanding of probability, clarifying some of the key differences with the subjective approach due to Ramsey and De Finetti. It also summarises the aspects on which probability theory and its corresponding notion of uncertainty are crucial for Keynes’s economic thought, particularly in his General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. This book is addressed to readers interested in the philosophy of probability and offers economists a fuller understanding of Keynes’s intellectual framework.
Game Theoretic Foundations For Probability And Finance
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Author : Glenn Shafer
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-05-08
Game Theoretic Foundations For Probability And Finance written by Glenn Shafer and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Game-theoretic probability and finance come of age Glenn Shafer and Vladimir Vovk’s Probability and Finance, published in 2001, showed that perfect-information games can be used to define mathematical probability. Based on fifteen years of further research, Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance presents a mature view of the foundational role game theory can play. Its account of probability theory opens the way to new methods of prediction and testing and makes many statistical methods more transparent and widely usable. Its contributions to finance theory include purely game-theoretic accounts of Ito’s stochastic calculus, the capital asset pricing model, the equity premium, and portfolio theory. Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance is a book of research. It is also a teaching resource. Each chapter is supplemented with carefully designed exercises and notes relating the new theory to its historical context. Praise from early readers “Ever since Kolmogorov's Grundbegriffe, the standard mathematical treatment of probability theory has been measure-theoretic. In this ground-breaking work, Shafer and Vovk give a game-theoretic foundation instead. While being just as rigorous, the game-theoretic approach allows for vast and useful generalizations of classical measure-theoretic results, while also giving rise to new, radical ideas for prediction, statistics and mathematical finance without stochastic assumptions. The authors set out their theory in great detail, resulting in what is definitely one of the most important books on the foundations of probability to have appeared in the last few decades.” – Peter Grünwald, CWI and University of Leiden “Shafer and Vovk have thoroughly re-written their 2001 book on the game-theoretic foundations for probability and for finance. They have included an account of the tremendous growth that has occurred since, in the game-theoretic and pathwise approaches to stochastic analysis and in their applications to continuous-time finance. This new book will undoubtedly spur a better understanding of the foundations of these very important fields, and we should all be grateful to its authors.” – Ioannis Karatzas, Columbia University
The Specter Of Skepticism In The Age Of Enlightenment
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Author : Anton M. Matytsin
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2016-10-26
The Specter Of Skepticism In The Age Of Enlightenment written by Anton M. Matytsin and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-26 with History categories.
Enlightenment confidence in the power of human reason was earned by grappling with the challenge of philosophical skepticism. The ancient Greek philosophy of Pyrrhonian skepticism spread across a wide spectrum of disciplines in the 1600s, casting a shadow over the European learned world. The early modern skeptics expressed doubt concerning the existence of an objective reality independent of human perception. They also questioned long-standing philosophical assumptions and, at times, undermined the foundations of political, moral, and religious authorities. How did eighteenth-century scholars overcome this skeptical crisis of confidence to usher in the so-called Age of Reason? In The Specter of Skepticism in the Age of Enlightenment, Anton Matytsin describes how skeptical rhetoric forced philosophers to formulate the principles and assumptions that they found to be certain or, at the very least, highly probable. In attempting to answer the deep challenge of philosophical skepticism, these thinkers explicitly articulated the rules for attaining true and certain knowledge and defined the boundaries beyond which human understanding could not venture. Matytsin explains the dialectical outcome of the philosophical disputes between the skeptics and their various opponents in France, the Dutch Republic, Switzerland, and Prussia. He shows that these exchanges transformed skepticism by mitigating its arguments while broadening the learned world’s confidence in the capacities of reason by moderating its aspirations. Ultimately, the debates about the powers and limits of human understanding led to the making of a new conception of rationality that privileged practicable reason over speculative reason. Matytsin also complicates common narratives about the Enlightenment by demonstrating that most of the thinkers who defended reason from skeptical critiques were religiously devout. By attempting either to preserve or to reconstruct the foundations of their worldviews and systems of thought, they became important agents of intellectual change and formulated new criteria of doubt and certainty. This complex and engaging book offers a powerful new explanation of how Enlightenment thinkers came to understand the purposes and the boundaries of rational inquiry.
Vitalizing Nature In The Enlightenment
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Author : Peter H. Reill
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2005-06-06
Vitalizing Nature In The Enlightenment written by Peter H. Reill and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-06 with Philosophy categories.
This far-reaching study redraws the intellectual map of the Enlightenment and boldly reassesses the legacy of that highly influential period for us today. Peter Hanns Reill argues that in the middle of the eighteenth century, a major shift occurred in the way Enlightenment thinkers conceived of nature that caused many of them to reject the prevailing doctrine of mechanism and turn to a vitalistic model to account for phenomena in natural history, the life sciences, and chemistry. As he traces the ramifications of this new way of thinking through time and across disciplines, Reill provocatively complicates our understanding of the way key Enlightenment thinkers viewed nature. His sophisticated analysis ultimately questions postmodern narratives that have assumed a monolithic Enlightenment—characterized by the dominance of instrumental reason—that has led to many of the disasters of modern life.
Enlightenment S Frontier
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Author : Fredrik Albritton Jonsson
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2013-06-18
Enlightenment S Frontier written by Fredrik Albritton Jonsson and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-18 with History categories.
DIVEnlightenment’s Frontier is the first book to investigate the environmental roots of the Scottish Enlightenment. What was the place of the natural world in Adam Smith’s famous defense of free trade? Fredrik Albritton Jonsson recovers the forgotten networks of improvers and natural historians that sought to transform the soil, plants, and climate of Scotland in the eighteenth century. The Highlands offered a vast outdoor laboratory for rival liberal and conservative views of nature and society. But when the improvement schemes foundered toward the end of the century, northern Scotland instead became a crucible for anxieties about overpopulation, resource exhaustion, and the physical limits to economic growth. In this way, the rise and fall of the Enlightenment in the Highlands sheds new light on the origins of environmentalism./div
Willful Ignorance
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Author : Herbert I. Weisberg
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-08-04
Willful Ignorance written by Herbert I. Weisberg and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-04 with Mathematics categories.
An original account of willful ignorance and how this principle relates to modern probability and statistical methods Through a series of colorful stories about great thinkers and the problems they chose to solve, the author traces the historical evolution of probability and explains how statistical methods have helped to propel scientific research. However, the past success of statistics has depended on vast, deliberate simplifications amounting to willful ignorance, and this very success now threatens future advances in medicine, the social sciences, and other fields. Limitations of existing methods result in frequent reversals of scientific findings and recommendations, to the consternation of both scientists and the lay public. Willful Ignorance: The Mismeasure of Uncertainty exposes the fallacy of regarding probability as the full measure of our uncertainty. The book explains how statistical methodology, though enormously productive and influential over the past century, is approaching a crisis. The deep and troubling divide between qualitative and quantitative modes of research, and between research and practice, are reflections of this underlying problem. The author outlines a path toward the re-engineering of data analysis to help close these gaps and accelerate scientific discovery. Willful Ignorance: The Mismeasure of Uncertainty presents essential information and novel ideas that should be of interest to anyone concerned about the future of scientific research. The book is especially pertinent for professionals in statistics and related fields, including practicing and research clinicians, biomedical and social science researchers, business leaders, and policy-makers.
Public Health And The Risk Factor
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Author : William G. Rothstein
language : en
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Release Date : 2003
Public Health And The Risk Factor written by William G. Rothstein and has been published by Boydell & Brewer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Health & Fitness categories.
A risk factor is anything that increases the risk of disease in an individual.