Classifications Of Countries Basedon Their Level Of Development
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Classifications Of Countries Basedon Their Level Of Development
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Author : Lynge Nielsen
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2011-02-01
Classifications Of Countries Basedon Their Level Of Development written by Lynge Nielsen and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The paper analyzes how the UNDP, the World Bank, and the IMF classify countries based on their level of development. These systems are found lacking in clarity with regard to their underlying rationale. The paper argues that a country classification system based on a transparent, data-driven methodology is preferable to one based on judgment or ad hoc rules. Such an alternative methodology is developed and used to construct classification systems using a variety of proxies for development attainment.
Development In International Law
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Author : Qerim Qerimi
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 2012-05-16
Development In International Law written by Qerim Qerimi and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-16 with Law categories.
The dominant conceptions of development and the right thereto have been confined to narrow, sectoral interpretations focusing on economic matrices and collective entities such as the state or peoples. This book delimits these key notions of the public order of the 21st century in an entirely new fashion. Drawing on fundamental precepts of policy-oriented jurisprudence, this book offers a comprehensive and systematic study and redefinition of development and the right to development guided by the goal of maximum access by all to the processes of shaping and sharing of all things humans value, including, empirically, aspirations to power, wealth, well-being, affection, enlightenment, skills, respect, and rectitude. This new paradigm of development offers fertile ground for legal and policy responses designed to bring about a public order of human dignity in all parts of the planet.
World Development Report 1978
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1978
World Development Report 1978 written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Adaptation (Biology) categories.
This first report deals with some of the major development issues confronting the developing countries and explores the relationship of the major trends in the international economy to them. It is designed to help clarify some of the linkages between the international economy and domestic strategies in the developing countries against the background of growing interdependence and increasing complexity in the world economy. It assesses the prospects for progress in accelerating growth and alleviating poverty, and identifies some of the major policy issues which will affect these prospects.
Finding A Way To Avoid The Middle Income Trap The Cases Of China And Peru
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Author : 张宇燕
language : en
Publisher: BEIJING BOOK CO. INC.
Release Date : 2021-10-01
Finding A Way To Avoid The Middle Income Trap The Cases Of China And Peru written by 张宇燕 and has been published by BEIJING BOOK CO. INC. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This book summarizes and compares the key ideas from the Chinese and Peruvian cases across various important topics to study the middle-income trap, such as the main driving forces of a potential trap in each case; the common challenges and the main differences in the economic transitions; the different issues faced as a result of the opening-up of China and Peru; the differences and coincidences between their respective regional development processes and the key role of human capital in avoiding the middle-income trap at regional level; the importance of infrastructure investments; the role of innovation for China’ s future growth versus the limitations that informality places on the capacity of formal firms to innovate in Peru, among other issues. On the whole, this academic effort by Chinese and Peruvian scholars will contribute to mutual understanding and to enlarging cooperation from both sides.
Central Bank Credit To The Government
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Author : Mr.Luis Ignacio Jácome
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Central Bank Credit To The Government written by Mr.Luis Ignacio Jácome and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Using a central bank legislation database, this paper documents and analyzes worldwide institutional arrangements for central bank lending to the government and identifies international practices. Key findings are: (i) in most advanced countries, central banks do not finance government expenditure; (ii) in a large number of emerging and developing countries, short-term financing is allowed in order to smooth out tax revenue fluctuations; (iii) in most countries, the terms and conditions of these loans are typically established by law, such that the amount is capped at a small proportion of annual government revenues, loans are priced at market interest rates, and their maturity falls within the same fiscal year; and (iv) in the vast majority of countries, financing other areas of the state, such as provincial governments and public enterprises, is not allowed. The paper does not address central banks' financial support during financial crises.
Mineral Resources Economics And The Environment
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Author : Stephen E. Kesler
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-10-26
Mineral Resources Economics And The Environment written by Stephen E. Kesler and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Written for students and professionals, this revised textbook surveys the mineral industry from geological, environmental and economic perspectives. Thoroughly updated, the text includes a new chapter on technology industry metals as well as separate chapters on mineral economics and environmental geochemistry. Carefully designed figures simplify difficult concepts and show the location of important deposits and trade patterns, emphasising the true global nature of mineral resources. Featuring boxes highlighting special interest topics, the text equips students with the skills they need to contribute to the energy and mineral questions currently facing society, including issues regarding oil pipelines, nuclear power plants, water availability and new mining locations. Technical terms are highlighted when first used, and references are included to allow students to delve more deeply into areas of interest. Multiple choice and short answer questions are provided for instructors online at www.cambridge.org/kesler to complete the teaching package.
Program Management
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Author : Ginger Levin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-08-29
Program Management written by Ginger Levin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Program management is a rapidly emerging offshoot of project management. So much so that AT&T, IBM, and other organizations, both large and small in all sectors, have initiated a push to certify program managers. And, although universities offer courses in program management, there are few books available to guide program managers through this field that requires a broad level of knowledge and experience. The definitive reference on program management, Program Management: A Life Cycle Approach provides this much needed guidance. Edited by Dr. Ginger Levin, the second person to become a PMI® certified program manager (PgMP®), this handbook presents a cohesive compilation of program management knowledge from more than 20 certified PgMPs. It considers the entire program life cycle and its phases—from initiation to sustainability. Each chapter is written by an experienced PgMP from a wide range of industries and countries. Combining the rigor of an academic reference with easy-to-read language, the book covers the themes in the PMI Standard for Program Management and ties them to program managers' work. The chapters reference PMI’s standards, complement the concepts in the standards, and expand on the concepts and issues that the standard mentions in passing. The book also addresses a few issues that the standard does not touch on at all. The book can be read in its entirety, or specific chapters of interest can be read separately. Overall, the book provides practitioners with a reliable source of information on the key themes and issues in program management. It is useful for individuals desiring to attain the PgMP credential and suitable for colleges and universities offering courses in program management.
World Development Report 2019
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2018-10-31
World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-31 with Business & Economics categories.
Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
World Economic Situation And Prospects 2019
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-02-15
World Economic Situation And Prospects 2019 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-15 with categories.
The United Nations definitive report on the state of the world economy, providing global and regional economic outlook for 2019 and 2020. Produced by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the five UN regional commissions, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, with contributions from the UN World Tourism Organization.
Trouble In The Making
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Author : Mary Hallward-Driemeier
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-10-12
Trouble In The Making written by Mary Hallward-Driemeier and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Technology and globalization are threatening manufacturing’s traditional ability to deliver both productivity and jobs at a large scale for unskilled workers. Concerns about widening inequality within and across countries are raising questions about whether interventions are needed and how effective they could be. Trouble in the Making? The Future of Manufacturing-Led Development addresses three questions: - How has the global manufacturing landscape changed and why does this matter for development opportunities? - How are emerging trends in technology and globalization likely to shape the feasibility and desirability of manufacturing-led development in the future? - If low wages are going to be less important in defining competitiveness, how can less industrialized countries make the most of new opportunities that shifting technologies and globalization patterns may bring? The book examines the impacts of new technologies (i.e., the Internet of Things, 3-D printing, and advanced robotics), rising international competition, and increased servicification on manufacturing productivity and employment. The aim is to inform policy choices for countries currently producing and for those seeking to enter new manufacturing markets. Increased polarization is a risk, but the book analyzes ways to go beyond focusing on potential disruptions to position workers, firms, and locations for new opportunities. www.worldbank.org/futureofmanufacturing