Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Fuel cells categories.
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Fuel cells categories.
The Hype About Hydrogen
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Author : Joseph J. Romm
language : en
Publisher: Island Press
Release Date : 2013-04-10
The Hype About Hydrogen written by Joseph J. Romm and has been published by Island Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-10 with Science categories.
Lately it has become a matter of conventional wisdom that hydrogen will solve many of our energy and environmental problems. Nearly everyone -- environmentalists, mainstream media commentators, industry analysts, General Motors, and even President Bush -- seems to expect emission-free hydrogen fuel cells to ride to the rescue in a matter of years, or at most a decade or two. Not so fast, says Joseph Romm. In The Hype about Hydrogen, he explains why hydrogen isn't the quick technological fix it's cracked up to be, and why cheering for fuel cells to sweep the market is not a viable strategy for combating climate change. Buildings and factories powered by fuel cells may indeed become common after 2010, Joseph Romm argues, but when it comes to transportation, the biggest source of greenhouse-gas emissions, hydrogen is unlikely to have a significant impact before 2050. The Hype about Hydrogen offers a hype-free explanation of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies, takes a hard look at the practical difficulties of transitioning to a hydrogen economy, and reveals why, given increasingly strong evidence of the gravity of climate change, neither government policy nor business investment should be based on the belief that hydrogen cars will have meaningful commercial success in the near or medium term. Romm, who helped run the federal government's program on hydrogen and fuel cells during the Clinton administration, provides a provocative primer on the politics, business, and technology of hydrogen and climate protection.
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
A 200 kW, natural gas fired fuel cell was installed at the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey. The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the financial and operational suitability of retrofit fuel cell technology at a medium sized college. Target audience was design professionals and the wider community, with emphasis on use in higher education. ''Waste'' heat from the fuel cell was utilized to supplement boiler operations and provide domestic hot water. Instrumentation was installed in order to measure the effectiveness of heat utilization. It was determined that 26% of the available heat was captured during the first year of operation. The economics of the fuel cell is highly dependent on the prices of electricity and natural gas. Considering only fuel consumed and energy produced (adjusted for boiler efficiency), the fuel cell saved $54,000 in its first year of operation. However, taking into account the price of maintenance and the cost of financing over the short five-year life span, the fuel cell operated at a loss, despite generous subsidies. As an educational tool and market stimulus, the fuel cell attracted considerable attention, both from design professionals and the general public.
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Author : Paul Belard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Climate Change Fuel Cell Program written by Paul Belard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Verizon is presently operating the largest Distributed Generation Fuel Cell project in the USA. Situated in Long Island, NY, the power plant is composed of seven (7) fuel cells operating in parallel with the Utility grid from the Long Island Power Authority (LIPA). Each fuel cell has an output of 200 kW, for a total of 1.4 mW generated from the on-site plant. The remaining power to meet the facility demand is purchased from LIPA. The fuel cell plant is utilized as a co-generation system. A by-product of the fuel cell electric generation process is high temperature water. The heat content of this water is recovered from the fuel cells and used to drive two absorption chillers in the summer and a steam generator in the winter. Cost savings from the operations of the fuel cells are forecasted to be in excess of $250,000 per year. Annual NOx emissions reductions are equivalent to removing 1020 motor vehicles from roadways. Further, approximately 5.45 million metric tons (5 millions tons) of CO2 per year will not be generated as a result of this clean power generation. The project was partially financed with grants from the New York State Energy R & D Authority (NYSERDA) and from Federal Government Departments of Defense and Energy.
U S Climate Change Technology Program
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
U S Climate Change Technology Program written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Climatic changes categories.
The Hydrogen Economy
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Author : Trevor Morgan
language : en
Publisher: UNEP/Earthprint
Release Date : 2006
The Hydrogen Economy written by Trevor Morgan and has been published by UNEP/Earthprint this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
Hydrogen holds out the promise of a truly sustainable global energy future. As a clean energy carrier that can be produced from any primary energy source, hydrogen used in highly efficient fuel cells could prove to be the answer to our growing concerns about energy security, urban pollution and climate change. This prize surely warrants the attention and resources currently being directed at hydrogen even if the prospects for widespread commercialisation of hydrogen in the foreseeable future are uncertain.
Innovation Markets And Sustainable Energy
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Author : Stefano Pogutz
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Innovation Markets And Sustainable Energy written by Stefano Pogutz and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Innovation, Markets and Sustainable Energy is the first attempt to explore fuel cells and hydrogen technologies by embracing a solid theoretical perspective in the field of innovation and management. Adopting a cross-sectional and international perspective, the book analyzes the implications of introducing fuel cells into the industrial system and explores the complexity of market development for new technological solutions. This book presents an in-depth study of the hydrogen and fuel cell industry and markets, concentrating on the disruptive nature of these technologies. It examines the value chain structure and the strategies of relevant industry players, the alliances and inter-organizational learning processes, the development of new markets, and venture capital dynamics. It also provides an overview of the policies that support hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in major countries around the world. Academics focussing on innovation management, strategy, sustainability, and energy and environmental management will warmly welcome this timely book. It will also be of great interest for the fuel cell and hydrogen practitioner community at large and in particular policymakers.
Strategic Plan
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Author : Climate Change Technology Program (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Strategic Plan written by Climate Change Technology Program (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Climatic changes categories.
Dod Climate Change Fuel Cell Program
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Author : Ken Olsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Dod Climate Change Fuel Cell Program written by Ken Olsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
This report discusses the first year of operation of a fuel cell power plant located at the Ocean County College, Toms River, New Jersey. PPL EnergyPlus, LLC installed the plant under a contract with Ocean County College. A DFC{reg_sign}300 fuel cell, manufactured by Fuel Cell Energy, Inc. of Danbury, CT was selected for the project. The fuel cell successfully operated from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004. This report discusses the performance of the plant during this period. Ocean County College's decision to contract for use of a fuel cell at the college reflects the institution's commitment to managing energy costs, exercising environmental leadership, and leveraging innovative technologies to accomplish its energy and environmental goals. Ocean County College's director of facilities was interested in finding new energy cost reduction opportunities that could build on the institution's growing reputation for commitment to energy efficiency and environmental quality while exploring new technologies. This combination of goals positioned Ocean County College to value the prospect of installing a fuel cell as a demonstration project that could deliver on its commitment. PPL EnergyPlus, LLC developed the project and Millennium Builders, a PPL company, was chosen as the general contractor for the project. PPL and Ocean County College worked very closely with Jersey Central Power and Light (JCP & L) and New Jersey Natural Gas (NJNG) Company to assure integration of the fuel cell with the local utilities. The 250 kW molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and its balance of plant is contained in an all-weather container located just outside the college's Instructional Building on a cement pad in a fenced-in 30 x 50 foot area in close proximity to the college's boiler and electrical rooms. Cables and piping bring power and hot water from the fuel cell into these interior control areas. The unit's electrical output is fed onto the college's main circuit while the hot water flows from the fuel cell to the college through a closed loop equipped with internal heat exchangers mounted on a custom skid in the boiler room. Fresh make-up water for the fuel cell's reverse osmosis equipment is piped separately from the boiler room out to the fuel cell. The fuel cell operates in parallel with the local electric utility's distribution system that serves the general area. The interconnection design relies on the grid protection components that come as standard equipment in the FCE unit design. Ultimately, the only substantive approval for the installation was for the parallel interconnection with the grid, provided by Jersey Central Power & Light. The utility had a well-defined set of interconnection requirements and procedures for units under 5 MW, and the approval process went smoothly and caused little delays. The primary liaison with PPL and the college was the utility's account representative. PPL and the college report that JCP & amp;L was quite supportive of the project. The 60 percent reimbursement of installed costs was made through the New Jersey Clean Energy Fund, which is in turn funded through utility contributions. The Department of Energy provided an additional $250,000 grant under the Department of Defense fuel cell buy down program. PPL started testing the fuel cell on October 31, 2003. Final acceptance of the fuel cell was completed on December 21, 2003. Following several months of start-up activities, a high availability factor and few operating difficulties have marked operations during the first year.