Clinical Aspects Of Blood Viscosity And Cell Deformability
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Clinical Aspects Of Blood Viscosity And Cell Deformability
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Author : G. D. O. Lowe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Clinical Aspects Of Blood Viscosity And Cell Deformability written by G. D. O. Lowe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
After many years of relative neglect, the importance of study of factors governing blood flow has at last achieved recognition; in this volume are documented many of the techniques, and the basic scientific and clinical observations, which have helped to open up understanding of this highly important aspect of human physiology and pathology in recent years. The text is logically divided into five sections beginning with blood cell deformability, then moving on to theoretical consideration of blood rheology, followed by accounts of the interrelationships between rheology, blood flow and vascular occlusion. The final two sections deal with blood rheology in clinical practice and therapeutic aspects of the study of blood flow. As regards blood cell deformability (Section A), the basic problem is set out by Kiesewetter and colleagues in the first paragraph of chapter 1 (p. 3), in which they point out that whereas human erythrocytes at rest have a diameter of approxi mately 7. 5 /-tm, nutritive capillaries have diameters ranging from 3-5 /-tm, and chapters in section A give an account of the ways in which the red cell can undergo deformation to permit capillary perfusion and the maintenance of the microcirculation.
Handbook Of Hemorheology And Hemodynamics
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Author : Oguz K. Baskurt
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2007
Handbook Of Hemorheology And Hemodynamics written by Oguz K. Baskurt and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Medical categories.
This publication primarily focuses on the macro- and micro- rheological behavior of blood and its formed elements, on interactions between the formed elements and blood vessel walls, and on the microvascular aspects of hemodynamics. Since many aspects of hemorheology and hemodynamics are affected by disease or clinical states, these effects are discussed as are hyperviscosity syndromes, therapy for disturbed blood rheology, and methods in hemorheology and hemodynamics. Sections of the Handbook include History of Hemorheology; Hemorheology, covering basic aspects, blood composition, blood rheology, cell mechanics, pathophysiology, methods and comparative studies; Hemodynamics, covering basic principles, microcirculation, in vivo effects, endothelium and methods; and Clinical Aspects of Hemorheology, covering hyperviscosity, clinical significance and treatment. The goal is to foster greater interchange between workers in the fields so as to promote collaborative efforts and, hopefully, improved health. In selecting topics for this handbook the editors have attempted to provide a general overview of both basic science and clinical hemorheology and hemodynamics. Hemorheology and hemodynamics are closely related, the former dealing with all aspects of the flow and interactions of the individual blood cells mostly studied in vitro, the latter with the in vivo relationships among vessel architecture, driving pressure, flow rate and shear stress. The linkage between the in vitro and in vivo research described in the book will be of interest to both basic science and clinical investigators. The editors of the handbook have each been active in the fields of bio- and hemorheology for many years, and have published extensively. They have successfully achieved their objective to publish a well-written and well-edited handbook that will be valuable for researchers and students in the field.
Clinical Blood Rheology
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Author : Gordon D.O. Lowe
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-06-04
Clinical Blood Rheology written by Gordon D.O. Lowe and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-04 with Medical categories.
Published in 1988: Study of blood flow properties (rheology) has attracted growing interest from clinicians in recent years. A United Kingdom meeting and a European meeting in 1979 resulted in previous publications summarizing the literature up to that time.
What Is The Clinical Implication Of Whole Blood Viscosity In Cardio Vascular Medicine
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Author : Dr.Hakim Saboowala.
language : en
Publisher: Dr.Hakim Saboowala
Release Date : 2019-10-09
What Is The Clinical Implication Of Whole Blood Viscosity In Cardio Vascular Medicine written by Dr.Hakim Saboowala. and has been published by Dr.Hakim Saboowala this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-09 with Medical categories.
Whole blood is a non-Newtonian fluid (A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, i.e. constant viscosity independent of stress.), which means that its viscosity depends on shear rate. [Shear Rate: Shear rate is the rate of change of velocity at which one layer of fluid passes over an adjacent layer e.g. consider that a fluid is placed between two parallel plates that are 1.0 cm apart, the upper plate moving at a velocity of 1.0 cm/sec and the lower plate fixed.] At low shear, blood cells aggregate, which induces a sharp increase in viscosity, whereas at higher shear blood cells disaggregate, deform and align in the direction of flow. Other important determinants of blood viscosity are: · The Haematocrit, · The presence of Macromolecules in the medium, · Temperature and, · The deformability of Red blood cells (at high shear). At the sites of severe atherosclerotic obstructions or at vasospastic locations, when change of vessel diameter is limited, blood viscosity contributes to stenotic resistance thereby jeopardizing tissue perfusion. However, blood viscosity plays its most important role in the microcirculation where it contributes significantly to peripheral resistance and may cause sludging in the postcapillary venules. Apart from the direct haemodynamic significance, an increase in blood viscosity at low shear by red blood cell aggregation is also associated with increased thrombotic risk, as has been demonstrated in atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, as increased red blood cell aggregation is a reflection of inflammation, hyperviscosity has been shown to be a marker of inflammatory activity. Thus, because of its potential role in haemodynamics, thrombosis and inflammation, it has been attempted in this Booklet to emphasize the determination of the whole blood viscosity as it could provide useful information for diagnostics and therapy of(cardio)vascular disease. ……Dr.H.K.Saboowala.
Blood Viscosity Factors
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Author : Leslie Simpson (Ph.D.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Blood Viscosity Factors written by Leslie Simpson (Ph.D.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Blood categories.
Blood Viscosity Factors brings together a series of essays on the impact of various abnormalities on blood viscosity factors. It contains several hundred references to already published work in the field. Beginning with the finding that red blood cells proliferate in shape and are not just one toroidally shaped horde, the work offers unique insights into the role of ageing and disease. The work of Dr Simpson corrects the record and offers tantalising possibilities for the future. One result of the move to targeted and commercial research has been to stunt the growth of whole fields of inquiry in favour of more convenient or competitive ways of looking at a situation. The real puzzle is that the work has been done and a substantial body of peer reviewed publications attest to the quality and depth of the findings. The book is of interest to those readers who prefer a more holistic view of science and the world, than is currently offered by the standard texts.
Blood Viscosity
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Author : L. Dintenfass
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1985-03-31
Blood Viscosity written by L. Dintenfass and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-03-31 with Medical categories.
Blood Viscosity And Shock
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Author : H. Goslinga
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1984
Blood Viscosity And Shock written by H. Goslinga and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Medical categories.
The hemodynamic significance of the flow properties of blood was put into perspective only during the past decade. Advances in modern technologies today allow the quantitative analy sis of the fluidity of blood and its components under conditions approximating the flow in vivo, particularly those in the microcirculation. The hematocrit is the most important of the determinants of blood fluidity (reciprocal value of blood viscosity); acute increases in the hematocrit exert deleterious effects on circulation and oxygen transport owing to impaired fluidity of blood. High viscosity of plasma due to hyper- or dysproteinemias initiates the microcirculatory dysfunctions in hyperviscosity syndromes. Furthermore, the fluidity or deformability of red cells might be critically diminished and therefore cause redistribution of blood elements and adversely affect the resistance to flow within the microvessels. In low flow states blood fluidity most likely becomes the key determinant for microvessel perfu sion, overriding the neural and local metabolic control mechanisms operative at physiological conditions to adjust blood supply to tissue demand. Microcirculatory disturbances are there fore encountered whenever driving pressures are reduced, as in shock or hypotension, and distal to stenoses of macrovessels, but also in hemoconcentration due to plasma volume con traction, polycythemia, leukemia, and dysproteinemia. Based on experimental studies exploring the possibilities and limitations, with regard to improving the fluidity of blood by reducing the hematocrit, the concept of intentional hemo dilution has been introduced to clinical medicine.
Influence Of Red Cell Deformability On Blood Viscosity
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Author : Y. F. Law
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Influence Of Red Cell Deformability On Blood Viscosity written by Y. F. Law and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.
Red Blood Cell Aggregation
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Author : Oguz Baskurt
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-09-28
Red Blood Cell Aggregation written by Oguz Baskurt and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-28 with Medical categories.
Red blood cells in humans—and most other mammals—have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux, these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this really happen in blood circulation? And do these rouleaux formations have a useful function? The first book to offer a comprehensive review of the subject, Red Blood Cell Aggregation tackles these and other questions related to red blood cell (RBC) aggregates. The book covers basic, clinical, and physiological aspects of this important biophysical phenomenon and integrates these areas with concepts in bioengineering. It brings together state-of-the-art research on the determinants, mechanisms, and measurement and effects of RBC aggregation as well as on variations and comparative aspects. After an introductory overview, the book outlines factors and conditions that affect RBC aggregation. It presents the two hypotheses—the bridging model and the depletion model—that provide potential mechanisms for the adhesive forces that lead to the regular packing of the cells in rouleaux formations. The book also reviews the methods used to quantify RBC aggregation in vitro, focusing on their importance in clinical practice. Chapters discuss the effect of RBC aggregation on the in vitro rheology of blood as well as on tube flow. The book also looks at what happens in the circulation when red blood cells aggregate and examines variations due to physiological and pathophysiological challenges. The concluding chapter explores the formation of red blood cell aggregates in other mammals. Written by leading researchers in the field, this is an invaluable resource for basic science, medical, and clinical researchers; graduate students; and clinicians interested in mammalian red blood cells.
Clinical Hemorheology
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Author : S. Chien
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Clinical Hemorheology written by S. Chien and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
The task the editors have set themselves is to survey the field of clinical hemorheology from basic principles to up-to-date research. It is only in a new science like this that it is possible to span the whole field in a book of this size. Hemorheology, as a new approach to the study and management of a wide range of circulatory diseases, is now beginning to appear with increasing frequency in general as well as specialized medical journals. Hemorheology is also just beginning to creep into the undergraduate medical curriculum. Therefore, the majority of graduate doctors are unequipped to assess the place of hemorheology in the overall framework of circulatory physiology and pathology or to assess its relevance to their everyday practice. It is hoped that this book will fill this gap. The approach of the book is interdisciplinary. The first part deals with basic principles of blood flow, circulation and hemorheology. It has been written with the general doctor in mind, who has no special knowledge of hemodynamics and rheological concepts, terminology or methodology. To maintain the emphasis on practical clinical applications, all the chapters in the second part of the book have been written by clinical specialists practicing in the individual areas of disease. The book is so designed that clinicians may be able to read the relevant chapters in the second part of the book in isolation, using the basic science aspects contained in the first part of the book as reference chapters.