Red Blood Cell Aggregation
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Red Blood Cell Aggregation
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Author : Oguz Baskurt
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-09-28
Red Blood Cell Aggregation written by Oguz Baskurt and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-28 with Medical categories.
Red blood cells in humans-and most other mammals-have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux, these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this real
Red Blood Cell Aggregation
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Author : Oguz Baskurt
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-09-28
Red Blood Cell Aggregation written by Oguz Baskurt and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-28 with Medical categories.
Red blood cells in humans—and most other mammals—have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux, these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this really happen in blood circulation? And do these rouleaux formations have a useful function? The first book to offer a comprehensive review of the subject, Red Blood Cell Aggregation tackles these and other questions related to red blood cell (RBC) aggregates. The book covers basic, clinical, and physiological aspects of this important biophysical phenomenon and integrates these areas with concepts in bioengineering. It brings together state-of-the-art research on the determinants, mechanisms, and measurement and effects of RBC aggregation as well as on variations and comparative aspects. After an introductory overview, the book outlines factors and conditions that affect RBC aggregation. It presents the two hypotheses—the bridging model and the depletion model—that provide potential mechanisms for the adhesive forces that lead to the regular packing of the cells in rouleaux formations. The book also reviews the methods used to quantify RBC aggregation in vitro, focusing on their importance in clinical practice. Chapters discuss the effect of RBC aggregation on the in vitro rheology of blood as well as on tube flow. The book also looks at what happens in the circulation when red blood cells aggregate and examines variations due to physiological and pathophysiological challenges. The concluding chapter explores the formation of red blood cell aggregates in other mammals. Written by leading researchers in the field, this is an invaluable resource for basic science, medical, and clinical researchers; graduate students; and clinicians interested in mammalian red blood cells.
Red Blood Cell Aggregation Characterization
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Author : Rym Mehri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Red Blood Cell Aggregation Characterization written by Rym Mehri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cells in human blood, representing 40 to 45% of the blood volume (hematocrit). These cells have the particular ability to deform and bridge together to form aggregates under very low shear rates. The theory and mechanics behind aggregation are, however, not yet completely understood. The purpose of this work is to provide a novel method to analyze, understand and mimic blood behaviour in microcirculation. The main objective is to develop a methodology to quantify and characterize RBC aggregates and hence enhance the current understanding of the non-Newtonian behaviour of blood at the microscale. For this purpose, suspensions of porcine blood and human blood are tested in vitro in a Poly-di-methylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel to characterize RBC aggregates within these two types of blood. These microchannels are fabricated using standard photolithography methods. Experiments are performed using a micro Particle Image Velocimetry ( PIV) system for shear rate measurements coupled with a high speed camera for the flow visualization. Corresponding numerical simulations are conducted using a research Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) solver, Nek5000, based on the spectral element method solution to the incompressible non-Newtonian Navier-Stokes equations. RBC aggregate sizes are quantified in controlled and measurable shear rate environments for 5, 10 and 15% hematocrit. Aggregate sizes are determined using image processing techniques. Velocity fields of the blood flow are measured experimentally and compared to numerical simulations using simple non-Newtonian models (Power law and Carreau models). This work establishes for the first time a relationship between RBC aggregate sizes and corresponding shear rates in a microfluidic environment as well as one between RBC aggregate sizes and apparent blood viscosity at body temperature in a microfluidic controlled environment. The results of the investigation can be used to help develop new numerical models for non-Newtonian blood flow, provide a better understanding of the mechanics of RBC aggregation and help determine aggregate behaviour in clinical settings such as for degenerative diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
Blood Cell Aggregation In Thrombotic Processes
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Author : Haim I. Bicher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Blood Cell Aggregation In Thrombotic Processes written by Haim I. Bicher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Medical categories.
Red Blood Cell Aggregation Rheological And Microstructural Characteristics
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Author : Efstathios C. Kaliviotis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Red Blood Cell Aggregation Rheological And Microstructural Characteristics written by Efstathios C. Kaliviotis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Erythrocytes categories.
The Red Blood Cell
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Author : Douglas MacN. Surgenor
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22
The Red Blood Cell written by Douglas MacN. Surgenor and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
The Red Blood Cell, Second Edition, Volume II provides a comprehensive treatment and review of basic biomedical knowledge about the circulating, adult red blood cell. This book discusses the transport through red cell membranes; carrier-mediated glucose transport across human red cell membranes; and metabolism of methemoglobin in human erythrocytes. The interaction of oxygen and carbon dioxide with hemoglobin at the molecular level; physiological role of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve; hemoglobinopathies; and thalassemia syndromes are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the red cell genetic polymorphisms; biological life of the red cell; clinical indications for red cells and blood; and biophysical behavior of red cells in suspensions. Other topics include the electrokinetic behavior of red cells; erythrocyte as a biopsy tissue in the evaluation of nutritional status; and knowledge of red cell purine and pyrimidine metabolism coming from the study of human disease. This volume is recommended for students, researchers, teachers, and physicians aiming to acquire knowledge of the red blood cell.
Discrete Element Model Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation In Blood Flow
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Author : Jennifer Kathleene Wright Chesnutt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Discrete Element Model Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation In Blood Flow written by Jennifer Kathleene Wright Chesnutt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Erythrocytes categories.
Physical Characterization Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation
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Author : Daniel Flormann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Physical Characterization Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation written by Daniel Flormann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Blood Cell Aggregation In Thrombotic Processes
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Author : Haim I. Bicher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Blood Cell Aggregation In Thrombotic Processes written by Haim I. Bicher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Blood coagulation disorders categories.
Effects Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation On Microparticle Margination In Human Blood
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Author : Mark Stroobach
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Effects Of Red Blood Cell Aggregation On Microparticle Margination In Human Blood written by Mark Stroobach and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Margination is the migration of particles in a channel towards the outer walls of the channel. In blood microcirculation, studying the margination of microparticles is important to understand platelet migration and the kinetics of drug delivery. Many new topics in drug delivery research examine the slow release of drugs through micro particles, such as micelles. The margination of such drug carriers is related to tissue absorption and, consequently, to the efficiency of drug delivery. We hypothesized that the intensity of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation will change the level of margination in a cylindrical channel. RBC aggregation is the reversible process of RBCs clumping together over time, under low fluid shear rate. A higher level of aggregation means that this clumping occurs more quickly. The goal of this thesis is to design an experiment that measures the level margination of microparticles and the effect that RBC aggregation has on margination, in a controlled in vitro environment. Fluorescent microparticles were added to human blood preparations. The aggregation properties of the blood preparation were modulated by the addition of a macromolecule (Dextran 500). The blood preparations were injected into PDMS microfluidic devices that were modified to have circular channels in order to better mimic the geometry of physiological microcirculation. We designed a circular microchannel that worked to capture the marginating microparticles and it was found that the level of margination of the microparticles increased with an increase in aggregation of the RBCs. This increase in margination was especially sensitive to aggregation levels in the range of physiological aggregation levels of whole blood, suggesting that aggregation plays an important role in margination in vivo.