Clustered Local Average Treatment Effects
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Clustered Local Average Treatment Effects
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Author : Didier Nibbering
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Clustered Local Average Treatment Effects written by Didier Nibbering and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Multiple unordered treatments with a binary instrument for each treatment are common in policy evaluation. This multiple treatment setting allows for different types of changes in treatment status that are non-compliant with the activated instrument. Therefore, instrumental variable (IV) methods have to rely on strong assumptions on the subjects' behavior to identify local average treatment effects (LATEs). This paper introduces a new IV strategy that identifies an interpretable weighted average of LATEs under relaxed assumptions, in the presence of clusters with similar treatments. The clustered LATEs allow for shifts across treatment clusters that are consistent with preference updating, but render IV estimation of individual LATEs biased. The clustered LATEs are estimated by standard IV methods, and we provide an algorithm that estimates the treatment clusters. We empirically analyze the effect of fields of study on academic student progress, and find violations of the LATE assumptions in line with preference updating, clusters with similar fields, treatment effect heterogeneity across students, and significant differences in student progress due to fields of study.
Estimating The Average Treatment Effect Using The Cluster Hierarchy And Merge Post Stratification Method
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Author : Kingsley Darko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Estimating The Average Treatment Effect Using The Cluster Hierarchy And Merge Post Stratification Method written by Kingsley Darko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Randomized experiments help reduce bias in estimates of the average treatment effect by ensuring that confounders have the same distribution across treatment groups. However, some randomizations can still have imbalances on important confounders, which can lead to inaccurate estimates. Post-stratification is one method for correcting these imbalances to improve estimates. In post-stratification, we form groups of units, called strata, and estimate the overall treatment effect by taking a weighted average of treatment effects within each stratum. In practice, strata are formed based on the values of the confounders. We examine the ad-hoc post-stratification method, where we form groups of units so that every group has at least one treated and control unit. A sufficient condition for the unbiasedness of post-stratification estimators is treatment assignment symmetry-that conditioned on the number of treated units within each stratum, each treatment assignment is equally likely. However, ensuring that each stratum has at least one treatment status often violates assignment symmetry and leads to biased estimates. This report considers a new method for forming strata- cluster hierarchy and merge post-stratification (CHAMP)-that ensures that each treatment status is represented within each stratum and satisfies a weaker form of assignment symmetry required for unbiased estimation. We perform a simulation study to compare CHAMP post-stratification with ad-hoc methods for forming strata. We show that CHAMP post-stratification successfully eliminates bias while ensuring small standard errors of post-stratification estimators. Finally, we apply our method to the Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks and Treatments (SUPPORT) dataset to assess the efficacy of right heart catheterization in the initial care of critically ill patients.
Identification And Estimation Of Local Average Treatment Effects
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Author : Guido W. Imbens
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Identification And Estimation Of Local Average Treatment Effects written by Guido W. Imbens and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.
We investigate conditions sufficient for identification of average treatment effects using instrumental variables. First we show that the existence of valid instruments is not sufficient to identify any meaningful average treatment effect. We then establish that the combination of an instrument and a condition on the relation between the instrument and the participation status is sufficient for identification of a local average treatment effect for those who can be induced to change their participation status by changing the value of the instrument. Finally we derive the probability limit of the standard IV estimator under these conditions. It is seen to be a weighted average of local average treatment effects.
Pitfalls When Estimating Treatment Effects Using Clustered Data
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Author : James G. MacKinnon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Pitfalls When Estimating Treatment Effects Using Clustered Data written by James G. MacKinnon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Cluster analysis categories.
Inference for estimates of treatment effects with clustered data requires great care when treatment is assigned at the group level. This is true for both pure treatment models and difference-in-differences regressions. Even when the number of clusters is quite large, cluster-robust standard errors can be much too small if the number of treated (or control) clusters is small. Standard errors also tend to be too small when cluster sizes vary a lot, resulting in too many false positives. Bootstrap methods generally perform better than t tests, but they can also yield very misleading inferences in some cases.
The Impact Evaluation Of Cluster Development Programs
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Author : Franco Boneu
language : en
Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank
Release Date : 2016-05-02
The Impact Evaluation Of Cluster Development Programs written by Franco Boneu and has been published by Inter-American Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Do cluster development programs work? Do they fundamentally encourage the essential inter-firm linkages and coordination? Do they lead to innovation and productivity, enterprise development, larger employment, and export growth, and if so, after how long? Do other firms benefit from these programs? This book offers insight into quantitative methods that help answer these questions. Cluster development is a form of modern industrial policy that is spreading across the world to help exploit the externalities emerging from geographical agglomeration and inter-firm coordination. Therefore, rigorous impact evaluations are necessary because they help policymakers understand better ways to design future programs and provide accountability for public resources. The chapters argue that enterprise clusters and the programs to support them are diverse and multidimensional processes that require a variety of instruments to be fully understood and assessed. The book as a whole gathers various methodological essays and quantitative tests of complementary tools and approaches, emphasizing their usefulness and effectiveness in coordination with one another. Most importantly, it asserts that policy evaluation is crucial, in particular when it comes to cluster development programs, to ensure the best use of public resources, the accountability of beneficiaries, and most of all to feed the necessary learning to improve the design and implementation of public policies for enterprise development.
Nonparametric Iv Estimation Of Local Average Treatment Effects With Covariates
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Author : Markus Frölich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Nonparametric Iv Estimation Of Local Average Treatment Effects With Covariates written by Markus Frölich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Cluster Based Industrial Development
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Author : T. Sonobe
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-30
Cluster Based Industrial Development written by T. Sonobe and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-30 with Business & Economics categories.
This book attempts to provide an effective strategy for industrial development based on the KAIZEN management training experiments conducted in Ghana, Kenya, Ethiopia, Vietnam, and Tanzania. We focus on micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in industrial clusters, because clusters consisting of MSEs are ubiquitous and have high potential to grow.
Handbook Of Probability
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Author : Tamás Rudas
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2008-02-21
Handbook Of Probability written by Tamás Rudas and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-21 with Mathematics categories.
"This is a valuable reference guide for readers interested in gaining a basic understanding of probability theory or its applications in problem solving in the other disciplines." —CHOICE Providing cutting-edge perspectives and real-world insights into the greater utility of probability and its applications, the Handbook of Probability offers an equal balance of theory and direct applications in a non-technical, yet comprehensive, format. Editor Tamás Rudas and the internationally-known contributors present the material in a manner so that researchers of various backgrounds can use the reference either as a primer for understanding basic probability theory or as a more advanced research tool for specific projects requiring a deeper understanding. The wide-ranging applications of probability presented make it useful for scholars who need to make interdisciplinary connections in their work. Key Features Contains contributions from the international who's-who of probability across several disciplines Offers an equal balance of theory and applications Explains the most important concepts of probability theory in a non-technical yet comprehensive way Provides in-depth examples of recent applications in the social and behavioral sciences as well as education, business, and law Intended Audience This Handbook makes an ideal library purchase. In addition, this volume should also be of interest to individual scholars in the social and behavioral sciences.
Introduction To Cluster Dynamics
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Author : Paul-Gerhard Reinhard
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-07-11
Introduction To Cluster Dynamics written by Paul-Gerhard Reinhard and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-11 with Science categories.
Clusters as mesoscopic particles represent an intermediate state of matter between single atoms and solid material. The tendency to miniaturise technical objects requires knowledge about systems which contain a "small" number of atoms or molecules only. This is all the more true for dynamical aspects, particularly in relation to the qick development of laser technology and femtosecond spectroscopy. Here, for the first time is a highly qualitative introduction to cluster physics. With its emphasis on cluster dynamics, this will be vital to everyone involved in this interdisciplinary subject. The authors cover the dynamics of clusters on a broad level, including recent developments of femtosecond laser spectroscopy on the one hand and time-dependent density functional theory calculations on the other.
Dagstat 2022
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Author : DAGStat (Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Statistik)
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2022-03-16
Dagstat 2022 written by DAGStat (Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Statistik) and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-16 with Mathematics categories.
Das Buch enthält die Abstracts der eingeladenen bzw. angenommenen Vorträge der 6. Konferenz der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Statistik (DAGStat), welche vom 28. März bis 1. April 2022 am Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) in Kooperation mit der Universität Hamburg sowie der Helmut-Schmidt-Universität stattfand. Die Konferenz stellte ebenfalls das 68. Biometrische Kolloquium der Deutschen Region der International Biometric Society (IBS-DR) dar, sowie die 45. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl/Data Science Society). Die Vorträge behandelten dabei ein breites Spektrum sowohl angewandter als auch eher methodischer/theoretischer Themen aus dem Bereich Statistik und Data Science.