Clusters Of Galaxies Beyond The Thermal View
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Clusters Of Galaxies Beyond The Thermal View
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Author : Jelle Kaastra
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-05-01
Clusters Of Galaxies Beyond The Thermal View written by Jelle Kaastra and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-01 with Science categories.
The existence of soft excess emission originating from clusters of galaxies, de ned as em- sion detected below 1 keV in excess over the usual thermal emission from hot intracluster gas (hereafter the ICM) has been claimed since 1996. Soft excesses are particularly - portant to detect because they may (at least partly) be due to thermal emission from the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium, where as much as half of the baryons of the Universe could be. They are therefore of fundamental cosmological importance. Soft excess emission has been observed (and has also given rise to controversy) in a number of clusters, mainly raising the following questions: (1) Do clusters really show a soft excess? (2) If so, from what spatial region(s) of the cluster does the soft excess or- inate? (3) Is this excess emission thermal, originating from warm-hot intergalactic gas (at 6 temperatures of?10 K), or non-thermal, in which case several emission mechanisms have been proposed. Interestingly, some of the non-thermal mechanisms suggested to account for soft excess emission can also explain the hard X-ray emission detected in some clusters, for example by RXTE and BeppoSAX (also see Petrosian et al. 2008—Chap. 10, this issue; Rephaeli et al. 2008—Chap. 5, this issue).
Clusters Of Galaxies
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Clusters Of Galaxies written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with categories.
Clusters Of Galaxies Beyond The Thermal View
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Author : Jelle Kaastra
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-11-01
Clusters Of Galaxies Beyond The Thermal View written by Jelle Kaastra and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-01 with Science categories.
The existence of soft excess emission originating from clusters of galaxies, de ned as em- sion detected below 1 keV in excess over the usual thermal emission from hot intracluster gas (hereafter the ICM) has been claimed since 1996. Soft excesses are particularly - portant to detect because they may (at least partly) be due to thermal emission from the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium, where as much as half of the baryons of the Universe could be. They are therefore of fundamental cosmological importance. Soft excess emission has been observed (and has also given rise to controversy) in a number of clusters, mainly raising the following questions: (1) Do clusters really show a soft excess? (2) If so, from what spatial region(s) of the cluster does the soft excess or- inate? (3) Is this excess emission thermal, originating from warm-hot intergalactic gas (at 6 temperatures of?10 K), or non-thermal, in which case several emission mechanisms have been proposed. Interestingly, some of the non-thermal mechanisms suggested to account for soft excess emission can also explain the hard X-ray emission detected in some clusters, for example by RXTE and BeppoSAX (also see Petrosian et al. 2008—Chap. 10, this issue; Rephaeli et al. 2008—Chap. 5, this issue).
Infrared Astronomy Seeing The Heat
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Author : David L. Clements
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-11-21
Infrared Astronomy Seeing The Heat written by David L. Clements and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-21 with Science categories.
Uncover the Secrets of the Universe Hidden at Wavelengths beyond Our Optical Gaze William Herschel’s discovery of infrared light in 1800 led to the development of astronomy at wavelengths other than the optical. Infrared Astronomy – Seeing the Heat: from William Herschel to the Herschel Space Observatory explores the work in astronomy that relies on observations in the infrared. Author David L. Clements, a distinguished academic and science fiction writer, delves into how the universe works, from the planets in our own Solar System to the universe as a whole. The book first presents the major telescopes in the world of observational infrared astronomy, explains how infrared light is detected through various kinds of telescopes, and describes practical problems that send infrared astronomers to the tops of mountains and their telescopes into orbit and beyond. Much of the book focuses on what infrared astronomers find in their observations. You’ll discover what infrared astronomy reveals about the planets, moons, and other bodies that constitute our Solar System; star formation and stellar evolution; the processes that shape galaxies; and dark energy and dark matter. Infrared astronomy has revolutionized our understanding of the universe and has become essential in studying cosmology. Accessible to amateur astronomers, this book presents an overview of the science and technology associated with infrared astronomy. With color figures, it shows you how infrared astronomy provides insights into the workings of the universe that are unavailable at other wavelengths.
Hubble Space Telescope And The High Redshift Universe The Proceedings Of The 37th Herstmonceux Conference
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Author : Nial R Tanvir
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1997-05-03
Hubble Space Telescope And The High Redshift Universe The Proceedings Of The 37th Herstmonceux Conference written by Nial R Tanvir and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-05-03 with categories.
Since the successful refurbishment mission, the Hubble Space Telescope has made dramatic and exciting progress in unravelling the nature of sources at high redshift. The upcoming installation of the next generation of instruments will give further impetus to the field, particularly in the infrared spectral region.The proceedings of this landmark meeting review the results of the first three years of post-repair data, including the deepest astronomical images ever obtained: the Hubble Deep Field. This was the first presentation of these exciting results at a major international conference. The interface between HST and ground-based facilities and planned programmes with forthcoming HST instruments are also extensively discussed.
Clusters Of Galaxies Volume 3 Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series
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Author : John S. Mulchaey
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-09-23
Clusters Of Galaxies Volume 3 Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series written by John S. Mulchaey and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-23 with Science categories.
Clusters of galaxies are the largest and most massive collapsed systems in the Universe, and as such they are valuable probes of cosmological structure and galaxy evolution. The advent of extensive galaxy surveys, large ground-based facilities, space-based missions such as HST, Chandra and XMM-Newton and detailed numerical simulations makes a particularly exciting time to be involved in this field. The review papers in this volume span a comprehensive range of research in this area, including theoretical expectations for the growth of structure, survey techniques to identify clusters, metal production and the intracluster medium, galaxy evolution in the cluster environment and group-cluster connections. With contributions from leading authorities in the field, this volume is appropriate both as an introduction to this topic for physics and astronomy graduate students, and as a reference source for professional research astronomers.
The Century Of Space Science
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Author : J.A. Bleeker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Century Of Space Science written by J.A. Bleeker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
One of the most attractive features of the young discipline of Space Science is that many of the original pioneers and key players involved are still available to describe their field. Hence, at this point in history we are in a unique position to gain first-hand insight into the field and its development. To this end, The Century of Space Science, a scholarly, authoritative, reference book presents a chapter-by-chapter retrospective of space science as studied in the 20th century. The level is academic and focuses on key discoveries, how these were arrived at, their scientific consequences and how these discoveries advanced the thoughts of the key players involved. With over 90 world-class contributors, such as James Van Allen, Cornelis de Jager, Eugene Parker, Reimar Lüst, and Ernst Stuhlinger, and with a Foreword by Lodewijk Woltjer (past ESO Director General), this book will be immensely useful to readers in the fields of space science, astronomy, and the history of science. Both academic institutions and researchers will find that this major reference work makes an invaluable addition to their collection.
Asteroids To Quasars
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Author : Phyllis M. Lugger
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-12-16
Asteroids To Quasars written by Phyllis M. Lugger and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-16 with Science categories.
Twenty-three researchers give insightful snapshots of current progress in a wide variety of topics of astrophysical interest, including the nature of asteroid surfaces, interstellar gas, stars and star formation, hot gas in galaxies, and quasar variability. The reviews are at a level accessible to graduate students working in astronomy and will be useful summaries of many important research areas.
Cooling Flows In Clusters And Galaxies
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Author : A.C. Fabian
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cooling Flows In Clusters And Galaxies written by A.C. Fabian and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
X-ray astronomers discovered the diffuse gas in clusters of galaxies about 20 years ago. It was later realized that the central gas density in some clusters, and in elliptical galaxies, is so high that radiative cooling is a significant energy loss. The cooling time of the gas decreases rapidly towards the centre of the cluster or galaxy and is less than a Hubble time within the innermost few hundred kiloparsecs. This results in a cooling flow in which the gas density rises in order to maintain pressure to support the weight of the overlying gas. The rate at which mass is deposited by the flow is inferred to be several hundreds of solar masses per year in some clusters. The fraction of clusters in which cooling flows are found may exceed 50 per cent. Small flows probably occur in most normal elliptical galaxies that are not in rich clusters. The implications of this simple phenomenon are profound, for we appear to be witnessing the ongoing formation of the central galaxy. In particular, since most of the gas is undetected once it cools below about 3 million K, it appears to form dark matter. There is no reason why it should be detectable with current techniques if each cooling proton only recombines once and the matter condenses into objects of low mass.
Physics And Astrophysics Of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
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Author : M. Lemoine
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-01-11
Physics And Astrophysics Of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays written by M. Lemoine and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-11 with Science categories.
The International School on Physics and Astrophysics of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR2000) was held at the Observatoire de Paris–Meudon on June 26-29, 2000. This was the ?rst international school speci?cally dedicated to ultra high energy cosmic rays. Its aim was to familiarize with and attract students, physicists and astronomers into this quickly developing newresearch ?eld. The mysterious and currently unknown origin of the most energetic par- cles observed in Nature has triggered in recent years theoretical speculations ranging from electromagnetic acceleration to as yet undiscovered physics - yond the Standard Model. It has also lead to the development of several new detection concepts and experimental projects, some of which are currently - der construction. By its nature, the ?eld of ultra high energy cosmic rays is therefore highly interdisciplinary and borrows from astrophysics and cosmology, via particle physics, to experimental physics and observational astronomy. One main aspect of the school was to emphasize and take advantage of this interd- ciplinarity. The lectures were grouped into subtopics and are reproduced in this volume in the following order: After a general introductory lecture on cosmic rays follow two contributions on experimental detection techniques, followed by three lectures on acceleration in astrophysical objects. The next four contri- tions cover all major aspects of propagation and interactions of ultra high energy radiation, including speculative issues such as newinteractions.