Cognitive Errors And Diagnostic Mistakes
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Cognitive Errors And Diagnostic Mistakes
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Author : Jonathan Howard
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-28
Cognitive Errors And Diagnostic Mistakes written by Jonathan Howard and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-28 with Medical categories.
This case-based book illustrates and explores common cognitive biases and their consequences in the practice of medicine. The book begins with an introduction that explains the concept of cognitive errors and their importance in clinical medicine and current controversies within healthcare. The core of the book features chapters dedicated to particular cognitive biases; cases are presented and followed by a discussion of the clinician's rationale and an overview of the particular cognitive bias. Engaging and easy to read, this text provides strategies on minimizing cognitive errors in various medical and professional settings.
Improving Diagnosis In Health Care
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-12-29
Improving Diagnosis In Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-29 with Medical categories.
Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Advances In Patient Safety
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Author : Kerm Henriksen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Advances In Patient Safety written by Kerm Henriksen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Medical categories.
v. 1. Research findings -- v. 2. Concepts and methodology -- v. 3. Implementation issues -- v. 4. Programs, tools and products.
The Cognitive Autopsy
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Author : Pat Croskerry
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-22
The Cognitive Autopsy written by Pat Croskerry and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-22 with Medical categories.
Behind heart disease and cancer, medical error is now listed as one of the leading causes of death. Of the many medical errors that may lead to injury and death, diagnostic failure is regarded as the most significant. Generally, the majority of diagnostic failures are attributed to the clinicians directly involved with the patient, and to a lesser extent, the system in which they work. In turn, the majority of errors made by clinicians are due to decision making failures manifested by various departures from rationality. Of all the medical environments in which patients are seen and diagnosed, the emergency department is the most challenging. It has been described as a "wicked" environment where illness and disease may range from minor ailments and complaints to severe, life-threatening disorders. The Cognitive Autopsy is a novel strategy towards understanding medical error and diagnostic failure in 42 clinical cases with which the author was directly involved or became aware of at the time. Essentially, it describes a cognitive approach towards root cause analysis of medical adverse events or near misses. Whereas root cause analysis typically focuses on the observable and measurable aspects of adverse events, the cognitive autopsy attempts to identify covert cognitive processes that may have contributed to outcomes. In this clinical setting, no cognitive process is directly observable but must be inferred from the behavior of the individual clinician. The book illustrates unequivocally that chief among these cognitive processes are cognitive biases and other flaws in decision making, rather than knowledge deficits.
Diagnostic Error In Medicine Conference
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Author : Travis Crossman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-04-05
Diagnostic Error In Medicine Conference written by Travis Crossman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-05 with categories.
The book offers practical medical advice to minimize the chance of you being diagnosed with health problems. For your personal safety, the author recommends how to control your own health and medical care. From the outset, the author favors creating and maintaining your primary medical record. By periodically reviewing your doctor's record, copying pertinent data, and asking to explain anything you don't understand, you can be sure that the information in your primary record is complete and exact. In addition to this first step, the author provides a survival guide for the reader: a step-by-step method for getting the best medical care in a faulty system.
Abc Of Clinical Reasoning
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Author : Nicola Cooper
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-06-07
Abc Of Clinical Reasoning written by Nicola Cooper and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-07 with Medical categories.
Being a good clinician is not just about knowledge – how doctors and other healthcare professionals think, reason and make decisions is arguably their most critical skill. While medical schools and postgraduate training programmes teach and assess the knowledge and skills required to practice as a doctor, few offer comprehensive training in clinical reasoning or decision making. This is important because studies suggest that diagnostic error is common and results in significant harm to patients – and errors in reasoning account for the majority of diagnostic errors. The ABC of Clinical Reasoning covers core elements of the thinking and decision making associated with clinical practice – from what clinical reasoning is, what it involves and how to teach it. Informed by the latest advances in cognitive psychology, education and studies of expertise, the ABC covers: Evidence-based history and examination Use and interpretation of diagnostic tests How doctors think – models of clinical reasoning Cognitive and affective biases Metacognition and cognitive de-biasing strategies Patient-centred evidence based medicine Teaching clinical reasoning From an international team of authors, the ABC of Clinical Reasoning is essential reading for all students, medical professionals and other clinicians involved in diagnosis, in order to improve their decision-making skills and provide better patient care.
Diagnosis
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Author : Pat Croskerry
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-19
Diagnosis written by Pat Croskerry and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Despite diagnosis being the key feature of a physician's clinical performance, this is the first book that deals specifically with the topic. In recent years, however, considerable interest has been shown in this area and significant developments have occurred in two main areas: a) an awareness and increasing understanding of the critical role of clinical decision making in the process of diagnosis, and of the multiple factors that impact it, and b) a similar appreciation of the role of the healthcare system in supporting clinicians in their efforts to make accurate diagnoses. Although medicine has seen major gains in knowledge and technology over the last few decades, there is a consensus that the diagnostic failure rate remains in the order of 10-15%. This book provides an overview of the major issues in this area, in particular focusing on where the diagnostic process fails, and where improvements might be made.
Diagnostic Error
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Author : Pat Croskerry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-04-28
Diagnostic Error written by Pat Croskerry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-28 with categories.
Despite diagnosis being the key feature of a physician's clinical performance, this is the first book that deals specifically with the topic. In recent years, however, considerable interest has been shown in this area and significant developments have occurred in two main areas: a) an awareness and increasing understanding of the critical role of clinical decision making in the process of diagnosis, and of the multiple factors that impact it, and b) a similar appreciation of the role of the healthcare system in supporting clinicians in their efforts to make accurate diagnoses. Although medicine has seen major gains in knowledge and technology over the last few decades, there is a consensus that the diagnostic failure rate remains in the order of 10-15%. This book provides an overview of the major issues in this area, in particular focusing on where the diagnostic process fails, and where improvements might be made.
Toward An Integration Of Item Response Theory And Cognitive Error Diagnosis
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Author : Kikumi K. Tatsuoka
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Toward An Integration Of Item Response Theory And Cognitive Error Diagnosis written by Kikumi K. Tatsuoka and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with categories.
In this study, a new methodology that is capable of diagnosing cognitive errors and analyzing different methods for solving problems will be introduced, illustrated with fraction subtraction problems. The new approach called Rule space integrates Item Response Theory (IRT) and the algebraic theory of databases (Lee, 1983). The rule space model is general enough to apply to any domain of interest, where classifications and selections of students, diagnoses of misconceptions are done by Bayes' decision rules for minimum errors (Fukunagawa, 1972) or any other equivalent decision rules with respect to a set of systematic errors determined prior to analyses. The first section discusses important objectives which the construction of cognitive diagnostic tests must follow. Then the introduction of the rule space model starts with its brief concept, connection to a distribution theory, construction of a bug library and the rule space, and finally introduction of the operational classification scheme.
Risk And Reason In Clinical Diagnosis
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Author : Cym Anthony Ryle
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-13
Risk And Reason In Clinical Diagnosis written by Cym Anthony Ryle and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-13 with Medical categories.
Accurate diagnosis is the foundation of medical practice, but at the start of the diagnostic process, uncertainty is inevitable. The clinician's skills and cognitive attributes determine the quality of the initial differential diagnosis and thus the crucial first phases of investigation and treatment; mistakes are often self-propagating. Diagnostic error is a major cause of avoidable morbidity and mortality, and is the commonest reason for successful litigation. Risk and Reasoning in Clinical Diagnosis is an accessible and readable look at the diagnostic process. Dr. Cym Ryle presents the insights and concepts developed in cognitive psychology which have led to the consensus that in all domains human reasoning is primarily driven by unconscious, intuitive mechanisms; the contribution of structured, analytical thinking is variable and inconsistent. He notes that the risk of error is inseparable from these mechanisms. Dr. Ryle then develops a description of the diagnostic process which encompasses its form, strengths and fallibility, and illustrates this description with examples from his work as a general practitioner. He argues that improving diagnostic accuracy should be a priority, and that there is sufficient evidence to guide changes in medical training, in clinical practice, and in the culture and organisation of our institutions. He identifies specific, practical steps that can be taken by individual clinicians and by clinical teams, suggests priorities for action in our institutions, and considers the obstacles to progress.