Cognitive Gadgets
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Cognitive Gadgets
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Author : Cecilia Heyes
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2018-04-16
Cognitive Gadgets written by Cecilia Heyes and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-16 with Psychology categories.
Adult humans have impressive pieces of cognitive equipment, but in Cecilia Heyes’s view these cognitive gadgets are not programmed in the genes. They are constructed over the course of childhood through social interaction. From birth, our malleable minds learn from our culture-soaked human environment not only what to think but how to think it.
Know Thyself
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Author : Stephen M Fleming
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2021-04-27
Know Thyself written by Stephen M Fleming and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-27 with Psychology categories.
Unlock the secrets to understanding yourself and others with the surprising science of the human mind's greatest power: introspection. “Are you sure?” Whether in a court room, a doctor’s office, a gameshow’s hot seat, or a student’s desk, we are always trying to answer that question. Should we accept eyewitness testimony or a physician’s diagnosis? Do we really want to risk it all on a final question? And what should we be studying in order to do as well as possible on a test? In short, how do we know what we and others know—or as importantly, don’t know? As cognitive neuroscientist Stephen Fleming shows in Know Thyself, we do this with metacognition. Metacognition, or thinking about thinking, is the most important tool we have for understanding our own mind. Metacognition is an awesome power: It is what enables self-awareness as well as what lets us think about the minds of others. It is the ultimate human trait, and in its most rarefied forms is a power that neither other animals, nor our current artificial intelligences, have. Metacognition teaches us the limits of our own knowledge. Once we understand what it is and how it works, we can improve our performance and make better decisions. For example, on the SAT, it helps us gauge when we should skip a question rather than lose points getting an answer wrong. Know Thyself, like the metacognition itself, is equal parts scientific, philosophical, and practical. And that means, like Thinking, Fast and Slow and Predictably Irrational, it’s that rarest of books: one that can both expand our minds and change our lives.
The Dialogical Roots Of Deduction
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Author : Catarina Dutilh Novaes
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-12-17
The Dialogical Roots Of Deduction written by Catarina Dutilh Novaes and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-17 with Computers categories.
The first comprehensive account of the concept and practices of deduction covering philosophy, history, cognition and mathematical practice.
Oxford Handbook Of Cognitive Archaeology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-03-12
Oxford Handbook Of Cognitive Archaeology written by and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-12 with Psychology categories.
Cognitive Archaeology is a relatively young though fast growing discipline. The intellectual heart of cognitive archaeology is archaeology, the discipline that investigates the only direct evidence of the actions and decisions of prehistoric people. Its theories and methods are an eclectic mix of psychological, neuroscientific, paleoneurological, philosophical, anthropological, ethnographic, comparative, aesthetic, and experimental theories, methods, and models, united only by their focus on cognition. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Archaeology is a landmark publication, showcasing the theories, methods, and accomplishments of archaeologists who investigate the human mind, including its evolutionary development, its ideation (thoughts and beliefs), and its very nature-through material forms. The volume encompasses the wide spectrum of the discipline, showcasing contributions from more than 50 established and emerging scholars from Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. Prominent among these are contributions that discuss the epistemological frameworks of both the evolutionary and ideational approaches and the leading theories that ground interpretations. Significantly, the majority of chapters deliver substantive contributions that analyze specific examples of material culture, from the oldest known stone tools to ceramic and rock art traditions of the recent millennium. These examples include the gamut of methods and techniques, including typology, replication studies, cha?nes operatoires, neuroarchaeology, ethnographic comparison, and the direct historical approach. In addition, the book begins with retrospective essays by several of the pioneers of cognitive archaeology, presenting a broad range of state-of-the-art investigations into cognitive abilities, tackling thorny issues like the cognitive status of Neandertals, and concluding with speculative essays about the future of an archaeology of mind, and of the mind itself.
The Ape That Understood The Universe
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Author : Steve Stewart-Williams
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-09-13
The Ape That Understood The Universe written by Steve Stewart-Williams and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-13 with Psychology categories.
Uses evolutionary psychology and cultural evolutionary theory to explain the mysteries of the human mind to an alien scientist.
Teaching Machines
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Author : Audrey Watters
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2021-08-03
Teaching Machines written by Audrey Watters and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-03 with Education categories.
How ed tech was born: Twentieth-century teaching machines--from Sidney Pressey's mechanized test-giver to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Contrary to popular belief, ed tech did not begin with videos on the internet. The idea of technology that would allow students to "go at their own pace" did not originate in Silicon Valley. In Teaching Machines, education writer Audrey Watters offers a lively history of predigital educational technology, from Sidney Pressey's mechanized positive-reinforcement provider to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Watters shows that these machines and the pedagogy that accompanied them sprang from ideas--bite-sized content, individualized instruction--that had legs and were later picked up by textbook publishers and early advocates for computerized learning. Watters pays particular attention to the role of the media--newspapers, magazines, television, and film--in shaping people's perceptions of teaching machines as well as the psychological theories underpinning them. She considers these machines in the context of education reform, the political reverberations of Sputnik, and the rise of the testing and textbook industries. She chronicles Skinner's attempts to bring his teaching machines to market, culminating in the famous behaviorist's efforts to launch Didak 101, the "pre-verbal" machine that taught spelling. (Alternate names proposed by Skinner include "Autodidak," "Instructomat," and "Autostructor.") Telling these somewhat cautionary tales, Watters challenges what she calls "the teleology of ed tech"--the idea that not only is computerized education inevitable, but technological progress is the sole driver of events.
A Better Ape
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Author : Victor Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022
A Better Ape written by Victor Kumar and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Philosophy categories.
Preface: Origins -- Introduction: Morality -- Altruism -- Emotions -- Norms -- Pluralism -- Reasoning -- Tribes -- Institutions -- Progress -- Inclusivity -- Equality -- Conclusion: Survival.
The Cognitive Basis Of Social Interaction Across The Lifespan
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Author : Heather J. Ferguson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
The Cognitive Basis Of Social Interaction Across The Lifespan written by Heather J. Ferguson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A vital part of successful social interaction is the ability to understand events in terms of other people's mental states, such as their intentions, beliefs, desires (Theory of Mind, ToM). This book explores how human social interactive abilities change across the lifespan, from infancy to old age, and in healthy and atypical development.
Models Of Cognitive Development
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Author : Ken Richardson
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2019-07-12
Models Of Cognitive Development written by Ken Richardson and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-12 with Psychology categories.
In spite of its obvious importance and popularity, the field of cognitive development remains highly fragmented due to the vast diversity of models of what knowledge and reasoning are, and how they develop. This new Classic Edition of Models of Cognitive Development aims to overcome this barrier through its careful introduction, illustrated examples, and approach to helping students think more critically about the subject. In this significant work, Richardson provides students, researchers, and comparative theoreticians with a cohesive understanding of the area by organizing diverse schools, frameworks, and approaches according to a much smaller set of underlying assumptions or preconceptions, which themselves can be historically interrelated. By understanding these, it’s possible to find pathways around the area more confidently as a whole, to see the “wood” as well as the theoretical trees, and be able to react to individual models more critically and constructively. The Classic Edition of this core text will be essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students of cognitive development.
Cultural Evolution
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Author : Kevin McCaffree
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-03-14
Cultural Evolution written by Kevin McCaffree and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-14 with Social Science categories.
Since the dawn of social science, theorists have debated how and why societies appear to change, develop and evolve. Today, this question is pursued by scholars across many different disciplines and our understanding of these dynamics has grown markedly. Yet, there remain important areas of disagreement and debate: what is the difference between societal change, development and evolution? What specific aspects of cultures change, develop or evolve and why? Do societies change, develop or evolve in particular ways, perhaps according to cycles, or stages or in response to survival necessities? How do different disciplines—from sociology to anthropology to psychology and economics—approach these questions? This book provides complex and nuanced answers to these, and many other, questions. First, the book invites readers to consider the broad landscape of societal dynamics across human history, beginning with humanity’s origins in small nomadic bands of hunter gatherers through to the emergence of post-industrial democracies. Then, the book provides a tour of several prominent existing theories of cultural change, development and evolution. Approaches to explaining cultural dynamics will be discussed across disciplines and schools of thought, from "meme" theories to established cumulative cultural evolutionary theories to newly emerging theories on cultural tightness-looseness. The book concludes with a call for theoretical integration and a frank discussion of some of the most unexamined structures that drive cultural dynamics across schools of thought.