Collection Of Fines And Other Financial Penalties In The Criminal Justice System
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Collection Of Fines And Other Financial Penalties In The Criminal Justice System
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Author : Great Britain. National Audit Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Collection Of Fines And Other Financial Penalties In The Criminal Justice System written by Great Britain. National Audit Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Fines (Penalties) categories.
Magistrates' courts are responsible for collecting financial penalties imposed by the criminal justice system. In 2000-1 they collect just 63% of total impositions of £385 million. This report suggests that there is urgent need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of collection as the process is over complex and time consuming and collection is hampered by unreliable management information. The areas identified for improvement involve: strengthening arrangements to verify offender' means before sentencing; examining incentives to encourage prompt payment; further delegation to administrative staff; improving management information; expanding the range of specialist training; examining the current range of sentencing options; exploring the possibility of creating centres of excellence to take responsibility for enforcement.
Money And The Governance Of Punishment
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Author : Patricia Faraldo Cabana
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-06-26
Money And The Governance Of Punishment written by Patricia Faraldo Cabana and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-26 with Social Science categories.
Money is the most frequently means used in the legal system to punish and regulate. Monetary penalties outnumber all other sanctions delivered by criminal justice in many jurisdictions, imprisonment included. More people pay fines than go to prison and in some jurisdictions many of those in prison are there because of failure to pay their fines. Therefore, it is surprising how little has been written in the Anglophone academic world about the nature of money sanctions and their specific characteristics as legal sanctions. In many ways, legal innovations related to money sanctions have been poorly understood. This book argues that they are a direct consequence of the changing meaning of money. Considering the ‘meaninglessness’ of modern money, the book aims to examine the history of changing conceptions in how fines have been conceived and used. Using a set of interpretative techniques sensitive to how money and freedom are perceived, the genealogy of the penal fine is presented as a story of constant reformulation in response to shifting political pressures and changes in intellectual developments that influenced ideological commitments of legislators and practitioners. This book is multi-disciplinary and will appeal to those engaged with criminology, sociology and philosophy of punishment, socio-legal studies, and criminal law.
Fines Collection
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Author : Great Britain: National Audit Office
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2006-05-25
Fines Collection written by Great Britain: National Audit Office and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-25 with Law categories.
Fines are the most common sentence imposed by Magistrates' courts in England and Wales, covering a range of crimes including motoring offences, drug offences, criminal damage and TV licence evasion. In the year 2004-05, penalties totalling £352 million were imposed, with £75 million cancelled and £222 million collected. Following on from an earlier report (HCP 672, session 2001-02, ISBN 0102914508) published in 2002, the NAO has examined whether the changes made in practices and procedures have resulted in improvements to the enforcement and collections of fines. It is estimated that a 25 per cent reduction in the number of legally cancelled fines would result in potential savings of £6.9 million per year and prompter payment of fines would yield further annual savings of almost one million pounds. Although a series of measures have been introduced by the Department for Constitutional Affairs to improve the system, over two thirds of the cases examined required enforcement action before the offender made any payments. A number of recommendations for further improvements are made, including in relation to developing performance indicators; prompter collection of fines, including making payment facilities (including cash) available at each court; focusing staff resource allocation on the early stages of enforcement; and addressing IT problems caused by the delay of the Libra system
Bringing Criminal Debt Into Balance
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Author : United States. Administrative Office of the United States Courts
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Bringing Criminal Debt Into Balance written by United States. Administrative Office of the United States Courts and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Fines (Penalties) categories.
Day Fines In Europe
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Author : Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-07
Day Fines In Europe written by Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07 with Law categories.
"With the cooperation of Marianne Breijer, Erasmus University Rotterdam."
A Pound Of Flesh
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Author : Alexes Harris
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2016-06-08
A Pound Of Flesh written by Alexes Harris and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-08 with Social Science categories.
Over seven million Americans are either incarcerated, on probation, or on parole, with their criminal records often following them for life and affecting access to higher education, jobs, and housing. Court-ordered monetary sanctions that compel criminal defendants to pay fines, fees, surcharges, and restitution further inhibit their ability to reenter society. In A Pound of Flesh, sociologist Alexes Harris analyzes the rise of monetary sanctions in the criminal justice system and shows how they permanently penalize and marginalize the poor. She exposes the damaging effects of a little-understood component of criminal sentencing and shows how it further perpetuates racial and economic inequality. Harris draws from extensive sentencing data, legal documents, observations of court hearings, and interviews with defendants, judges, prosecutors, and other court officials. She documents how low-income defendants are affected by monetary sanctions, which include fees for public defenders and a variety of processing charges. Until these debts are paid in full, individuals remain under judicial supervision, subject to court summons, warrants, and jail stays. As a result of interest and surcharges that accumulate on unpaid financial penalties, these monetary sanctions often become insurmountable legal debts which many offenders carry for the remainder of their lives. Harris finds that such fiscal sentences, which are imposed disproportionately on low-income minorities, help create a permanent economic underclass and deepen social stratification. A Pound of Flesh delves into the court practices of five counties in Washington State to illustrate the ways in which subjective sentencing shapes the practice of monetary sanctions. Judges and court clerks hold a considerable degree of discretion in the sentencing and monitoring of monetary sanctions and rely on individual values—such as personal responsibility, meritocracy, and paternalism—to determine how much and when offenders should pay. Harris shows that monetary sanctions are imposed at different rates across jurisdictions, with little or no state government oversight. Local officials’ reliance on their own values and beliefs can also push offenders further into debt—for example, when judges charge defendants who lack the means to pay their fines with contempt of court and penalize them with additional fines or jail time. A Pound of Flesh provides a timely examination of how monetary sanctions permanently bind poor offenders to the judicial system. Harris concludes that in letting monetary sanctions go unchecked, we have created a two-tiered legal system that imposes additional burdens on already-marginalized groups.
Dictionary Of Probation And Offender Management
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Author : Rob Canton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-06-17
Dictionary Of Probation And Offender Management written by Rob Canton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-17 with Law categories.
Covers new ideas and concepts as well as the established probation lexicon, including institutional, legal, political and theoretical terms used in the discipline and importing concepts from the disciplines of sociology, criminology and psychology.
Between Prison And Probation
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Author : Norval Morris
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1991-09-12
Between Prison And Probation written by Norval Morris and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-09-12 with Social Science categories.
Across the country prisons are jammed to capacity and, in extreme cases, barges and mobile homes are used to stem the overflow. Probation officers in some cities have caseloads of 200 and more--hardly a manageable number of offenders to track and supervise. And with about one million people in prison and jail, and two and a half million on probation, it is clear we are experiencing a crisis in our penal system. In Between Prison and Probation, Norval Morris and Michael Tonry, two of the nation's leading criminologists, offer an important and timely strategy for alleviating these problems. They argue that our overwhelmed corrections system cannot cope with the flow of convicted offenders because the two extremes of punishment--imprisonment and probation--are both used excessively, with a near-vacuum of useful punishments in between. Morris and Tonry propose instead a comprehensive program that relies on a range of punishment including fines and other financial sanctions, community service, house arrest, intensive probation, closely supervised treatment programs for drugs, alcohol and mental illness, and electronic monitoring of movement. Used in rational combinations, these "intermediate" punishments would better serve the community than our present polarized choice. Serious consideration of these punishments has been hindered by the widespread perception that they are therapeutic rather than punitive. The reality, however, Morris and Tonry argue, "is that the American criminal justice system is both too severe and too lenient--almost randomly." Systematically implemented and rigorously enforced, intermediate punishments can "better and more economically serve the community, the victim, and the criminal than the prison terms and probation orders they supplant." Between Prison and Probation goes beyond mere advocacy of an increasing use of intermediate punishments; the book also addresses the difficult task of fitting these punishments into a comprehensive, fair and community-protective sentencing system.
Fines Collection
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Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2007-01-31
Fines Collection written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-31 with Law categories.
This report examines the Department of Constitutional Affairs and Her Majesty's Courts Services on the payment of fines, how the speed of payment might be increased and how appropriate penalties might be set. It finds that the performance measure used by the DCA on the payment of fines is flawed because it creates an incentive to cancel fines and takes no account of the time taken to pay them. In 2005-5 almost a fifth of fines were cancelled. Also the offender has no incentive to pay promptly as enforcement charges are not passed on nor is interest charged on outstanding fines. Although the Department has taken steps to improve the information available to courts when setting penalties, the new measures have not been implemented consistently.
Doing Research On Crime And Justice
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Author : Roy King
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008
Doing Research On Crime And Justice written by Roy King and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Focusing on the problems that novice researchers encounter when translating neat and tidy textbook methodologies into real life situations, this guide explains how to undertake research in the fields of criminology and criminal justice.