Colonic Motility
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Colonic Motility
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Author : Sushil K. Sarna
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2010
Colonic Motility written by Sushil K. Sarna and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Medical categories.
Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood. Table of Contents: Introduction / Regulatory Mechanisms / Colonic Motility in Health / Colonic Motility Dysfunction / References
Pharmacological Treatments Affecting Gastro Intestinal Motility In Man
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Author : Emidio Scarpellini
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-02-22
Pharmacological Treatments Affecting Gastro Intestinal Motility In Man written by Emidio Scarpellini and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-22 with Science categories.
Dr. Tack receives financial support from Shire, Sofar and Tsumura. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic theme.
Pathogenesis Of Functional Bowel Disease
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Author : William J. Snape Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Pathogenesis Of Functional Bowel Disease written by William J. Snape Jr. and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Medical categories.
In their second year in medical school, students begin to learn about the differences between "disease" and "illness." In their studies of pathology they learn to understand disease as pertubations of molecular biological events. And we clinicians can show disease to them by our scans, lay it out even on our genetic scrolls, and sometimes even point out the errant nucleotide. Disease satisfies them and us; at Yale, lectures on the gastrointestinal tract run from achalasia to proctitis. There is, alas, little mention of functional bowel disease or of the irritable or spastic colon, for that is not easy to show on hard copy. Functional bowel disease represents "illness," the response of the person to distress, to food, to the environment, and to the existential problems of living. In real life such matters are most important. Richard Cabot first found out at the Massachusetts General Hospital almost a century ago that 50% of the patients attending the outpatient clinic had "functional" complaints. The figure had grown to over 80% when the very same question was reexamined 60 years later.
Functional And Gi Motility Disorders
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Author : E.M.M. Quigleyy
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2014-03-25
Functional And Gi Motility Disorders written by E.M.M. Quigleyy and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-25 with Medical categories.
The clinical problems and dilemmas which the busy clinician encounters on a daily basis are the main focus of this publication. Emphasizing a clinical rather than a pathophysiological approach to problems, it facilitates access and helps the practicing clinician to develop an effective and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, clinically important aspects of pathophysiology are also dealt with in detail when called for. A variety of scenarios that are especially relevant to modern medical practice, such as the intensive care unit, are taken into account. A group of internationally renowned experts guides the reader through the broad variety of diagnostic options available to assist in the assessment of symptoms originating anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the anus, and, in each instance, every effort is made to critically appraise the technology discussed. Moreover, general overviews of broadly relevant therapeutic approaches are also provided.
Colonic Diseases
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Author : Timothy R. Koch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-04-30
Colonic Diseases written by Timothy R. Koch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-30 with Medical categories.
The Scientification of Gastroenterology During the 20th Century * Science contributes to medicine in three ways: It provides a body of relatively secure knowl edge. Some of that knowledge has been applied to develop technologies which have had a major impact upon the practice and effectiveness of medicine. Last, science offers to medicine a way of thinking. - 1. McCormick [(1993) The Contribution of Science to Medicine. Perspect. Bioi. Med. 16,315.] Awareness of the digestive system began with the dawn of civilization, when man, observing the feeding habits of animals in the surrounding environment, experimented with foods, edible and inedible. Identity came with discoveries of the digestive organs during the 16th and 17th centuries. Function was revealed by physiologic studies of digestion, absorp tion and secretion, metabolism, and motility during the 18th and 19th centuries. Diagnostic access improved with the technological advances of the 20th century. Understanding of gas trointestinal (GI) disease followed the growth of the basic sciences and gastroenterology's involvement in scientific research during the latter half of the 20th century. Early in the 20th century, gastroenterology was yet an undefined activity without clinical or scientific guidelines. Diagnostic approach to the digestive tract was minimal. Valid con cepts of disease were lacking. Visceroptosis, sitophobia, and "colonic autointoxication" were common "diagnoses." Therapeutic resources were scarce.
Functional And Motility Disorders Of The Gastrointestinal Tract
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Author : Brian E. Lacy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-29
Functional And Motility Disorders Of The Gastrointestinal Tract written by Brian E. Lacy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-29 with Medical categories.
This volume covers the myriad of functional and motility gastrointestinal disorders in a comprehensive manner. The book is divided into seven major sections, with each section beginning with a brief case presentation highlighting the specific disorder to be reviewed. Appropriate criteria is highlighted, followed by a brief review on the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of each specific disorder. 2-3 key teaching “pearls”, test questions and key references are also provided for each chapter. The book is organized so that each chapter can stand on its own and be used as a quick reference source in the clinic. Alternatively, it can be read cover to cover as an authoritative textbook on gastrointestinal functional and motility disorders. Written by international experts in the field of motility disorders, Functional and Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Case Study Approach is an invaluable resource for experienced physicians, students, residents, fellows, nurse practitioners and physician assistants.
Gastrointestinal Motility
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Author : C. Roman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Gastrointestinal Motility written by C. Roman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This volume reviews the most recent knowledge in the field of gastrointestinal motility in health and disease. The topics addressed include basic as well as clinical data concerning the motor functions of the entire gut: the lower oesophageal sphincter and the gastro-oesophageal reflux; the gastric emptying and the role of the pylorus; the motility of the biliary tract and its disorders; the cyclic motor activity of the gut and intestinal transit; the colonic and ano-rectal motility. There are also impOltant contributions in physiology and pharmacology relating to the neurohumoral regulation of the gut, and the function of digestive smooth muscle. Several papers explore the nature of the linkage between brain and gut. a link which has long been deduced by clinicians but not, until recently, systematically explored by scientists. The individual papers, selected from a large number of submissions, have been subject to 'peer-review' by an inter national committee which includes both cliniCians and basic scientists. Therefore this book should serve as an up to date source of information for researchers concerned with basic sciences as well as for clinicians in gastroenterology, medicine and surgery. C. Roman v This volume is dedicated to the memory of two friends and colleagues: Professor Dr J. HELLEMANS Professor Dr H. MONGES Acknowledgments This was the 9th of this series of symposia held alternatively in Europe and North America, and the first to be held in France.
Gastrointestinal Motility
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Author : N. W. Read
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 1989
Gastrointestinal Motility written by N. W. Read and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Gastrointestinal system categories.
Disorders of gastrointestinal motor function have been the subject of research for almost a century, but it is only in the last 20 years that real advances have been made in the understanding of this important area. Gastrointestinal motility, today, is a science which provides invaluable insights into the mechanisms, diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal disease.
Stress And Digestive Motility
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Author : Lionel Bueno
language : en
Publisher: John Libbey Eurotext
Release Date : 1989
Stress And Digestive Motility written by Lionel Bueno and has been published by John Libbey Eurotext this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medical categories.
Brings together the papers of a meeting held in Mont Gabriel, Canada in March 1989. Researchers considered the mechanisms of stress and its neuroendocrinological alterations, discussed the relevance and predictivity of models in man and animals, and the importance of the type of stressor.
Schuster Atlas Of Gastrointestinal Motility In Health And Disease
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Author : Marvin Meier Schuster
language : en
Publisher: PMPH-USA
Release Date : 2002
Schuster Atlas Of Gastrointestinal Motility In Health And Disease written by Marvin Meier Schuster and has been published by PMPH-USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Gastrointestinal system categories.
The accompanying disc contains the complete text and illustrations of the book in fully searchable PDF files.