Commercial Space Launch Insurance
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Insurance And The U S Commercial Space Launch Industry
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Insurance And The U S Commercial Space Launch Industry written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Satellite insurance categories.
Commercial Space Launch Insurance
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Author : United States Government Accountability Office
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-12-16
Commercial Space Launch Insurance written by United States Government Accountability Office and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-16 with categories.
Commercial Space Launch Insurance: Views Differ on Need for Change to Insurance Approach but Clarification Is Needed
Commercial Space Launch Insurance
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Author : United States Government Accountability Office
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-05-10
Commercial Space Launch Insurance written by United States Government Accountability Office and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-10 with categories.
COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH INSURANCE: Weakness in FAA's Insurance Calculation May Expose the Federal Government to Excess Risk
Insurance And The Commercialization Of Space
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Insurance And The Commercialization Of Space written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Business insurance categories.
U S Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Parts 1 And 2
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
U S Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Parts 1 And 2 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Artificial satellites categories.
Satellite Insurance And Space Commercialization
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Satellite Insurance And Space Commercialization written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Artificial satellites, American categories.
Commercial Space Launch Industry Indemnification Extension
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Commercial Space Launch Industry Indemnification Extension written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Aerospace industries categories.
Commercial Space Launch Act
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Author : United States Government Accountability Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-01-22
Commercial Space Launch Act written by United States Government Accountability Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-22 with Reference categories.
GAO's work to date work indicates the United States provides less indemnification for third party losses than China, France, and Russia, according to studies. These countries put no limit on the amount of government indemnification coverage currently available through the Commercial Space Launch Act Amendments of 1988 (CSLA) which is about $2.7 billion per launch. These commitments to pay have never been tested because there has never been a third party claim that exceeded the launch company's insurance and thus reached the level of government indemnification. The potential cost to the federal government of indemnification for third party losses is currently unclear. This is because it depends in part on the method used by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to calculate the amount of insurance that launch companies must purchase, which may not be sound. FAA has used the same method since 1988 and has not updated crucial components, such as the cost of a casualty. Estimating probable losses from a rare catastrophic event is difficult, and insurance industry officials and risk modeling experts said that FAA's method is outdated. FAA, however, has not had outside experts or risk modelers review its appropriateness. An inaccurate calculation that understates the amount of insurance a launch provider must obtain would increase the likelihood of costs to the federal government, whereas a calculation that overstates the amount of insurance would decrease the likelihood of federal costs. FAA officials said that their method was reasonable and conservative, but they agreed that a review could be beneficial and that involvement of outside experts might be helpful for improving their methodology. Overall, they said use of more sophisticated methodologies would have to be balanced with the additional costs to both FAA and the launch companies that would result from requiring and analyzing additional data. The insurance market is generally willing and able to provide up to $500 million per launch as coverage for third party liability, according to industry representatives GAO contacted. Because the amount of insurance FAA requires launch providers to obtain averages about $99 million per launch, and coverage available through CSLA is about $2.7 billion above that, insurers could provide some of the coverage currently available through CSLA. However, the amount and price of insurance that could be provided could change quickly if a large loss were to occur, according to insurance industry representatives. The actual effects on competition of eliminating CSLA indemnification are currently unknown. However, launch companies and customers GAO contacted believe that ending federal indemnification could lead to higher launch prices for U.S. launch companies, making them less competitive than foreign launch companies. Although the cost of third party liability insurance coverage for launch companies has been about 1 percent the dollar amount of coverage they purchased, how much this cost might increase in the absence of federal coverage is not clear. Launch customers said that price and vehicle reliability were key factors in their choice of a launch company. Launch companies reported that additional costs would be passed along to customers, but whether this increase alone would be sufficient reason for a launch customer to choose a foreign launch company over a U.S. company is also not clear.
Space Insurance International Legal Aspects
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Author : Katarzyna Malinowska
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2017-03-15
Space Insurance International Legal Aspects written by Katarzyna Malinowska and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-15 with Law categories.
Insurance related to outer space activities has been around since the 1960s, but has become vastly more significant with the increased commercial use of satellites. This book focuses on the legal aspects of space insurance in the contractual context, analysing space risk as well as the insurance terms used on the market. It offers the first in-depth coverage, both practical and theoretical, of space insurance from an international law perspective. Attending throughout to the important and problematic distinction between the space segment (upstream) and ground segment (downstream) in space law, this book deals comprehensively with such issues and topics as the following: - the main hazards relating to space activities; - the impact of new space technologies on the level of risk and insurance; - the differing types of risks attributable to various entities in the context of insurable interest; - aspects of the space risk allocation regimes and risk assessment; - the impact of the five ‘space treaties’ – the Outer Space Treaty, the Liability Convention, the Rescue Agreement, the Registration Convention and the Moon Agreement – on the subject and scope of insurance coverage; - the advent of suborbital flight, commercial human space flight and space tourism in the context of emerging insurance risks; - the problem of space debris; - contractual aspects of space activities affecting the space insurance risks; - basic notions such as ‘outer space’, ‘space object’ in the context of space activities and related insurance coverage; - basic insurance principles and their operation in the space insurance; and - the adjustment of losses and the settlement of disputes in space insurance. The author emphasises the need to understand the various insurance risks facing particular types of commercial space activities, including pre-launch, launch, transportation, spaceflight, satellite communications, satellite navigation, satellite remote sensing and space station operation. Satellites are increasingly a vital part of many daily activities of contemporary society and the Earth’s orbit is becoming ever more crowded, heightening the risks of collision, damage and claims. This thoroughly researched book will therefore be extremely useful to lawyers, policymakers and academics tasked with defining the scope of insurance coverage that accurately mirrors technological, contractual and legal reality. Its practical aspect will be of extraordinary value to insurance lawyers, underwriters and brokers.
Commercial Expendable Launch Vehicle Liability
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Commercial Expendable Launch Vehicle Liability written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Insurance, Satellite categories.