Comparing Apples To Apples
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Comparing Apples With Apples
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Comparing Apples With Apples written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Apple industry categories.
Compare Apples To Apples
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Author : Shikhari Books
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2019-01-05
Compare Apples To Apples written by Shikhari Books and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-05 with categories.
Compare apples to apples. When you are comparing yourself to someone else you are comparing apples to orangutans. When you compare yourself to who you were yesterday, you are comparing yourself to the right person. Do that from now onwards.
Comparing Apples To Apples
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Author : Rich Pirog
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Comparing Apples To Apples written by Rich Pirog and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Apples categories.
Comparing Apples With Apples
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Author : Mary Hallward-Driemeier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Comparing Apples With Apples written by Mary Hallward-Driemeier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The use of expert or qualitative surveys to rank countries business investment conditions is widespread. However, within the economic literature there are concerns about measurement error and endogeneity based on characteristics of the respondents, raising questions about how well the data reflect the underlying reality they are trying to measure. This paper examines these concerns using data from 79,000 firms in 105 countries. The findings show that first, qualitative rankings correlate well with quantitative measures of the business environment, using both quantitative measures from within the survey and from external sources. Second, there are systematic variations in perceptions based on firm characteristics - focusing in particular on size and growth performance. However, it is not that an optimistic view of the business environment is simply the expression of a firm s own performance. Rather, firm size and performance affect the relative importance of certain constraints, particularly in areas such as finance, time with officials/inspectors, corruption, and access to reliable electricity. The results also show that much of the variation in subjective responses by firm types is largely due to differences in the objective conditions across firm types. There is little evidence that size and performance have non-linear effects in how constraining a given objective condition is reported to be. Overall, concerns about endogeneity remain in using business environment indicators to explain firm performance, but this stems primarily from the fact that who you are and how well you are doing can affect the conditions you face rather than whether the indicator used is qualitative or quantitative.
Rethinking Productivity In Software Engineering
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Author : Caitlin Sadowski
language : en
Publisher: Apress
Release Date : 2019-05-07
Rethinking Productivity In Software Engineering written by Caitlin Sadowski and has been published by Apress this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-07 with Computers categories.
Get the most out of this foundational reference and improve the productivity of your software teams. This open access book collects the wisdom of the 2017 "Dagstuhl" seminar on productivity in software engineering, a meeting of community leaders, who came together with the goal of rethinking traditional definitions and measures of productivity. The results of their work, Rethinking Productivity in Software Engineering, includes chapters covering definitions and core concepts related to productivity, guidelines for measuring productivity in specific contexts, best practices and pitfalls, and theories and open questions on productivity. You'll benefit from the many short chapters, each offering a focused discussion on one aspect of productivity in software engineering. Readers in many fields and industries will benefit from their collected work. Developers wanting to improve their personal productivity, will learn effective strategies for overcoming common issues that interfere with progress. Organizations thinking about building internal programs for measuring productivity of programmers and teams will learn best practices from industry and researchers in measuring productivity. And researchers can leverage the conceptual frameworks and rich body of literature in the book to effectively pursue new research directions. What You'll LearnReview the definitions and dimensions of software productivity See how time management is having the opposite of the intended effect Develop valuable dashboards Understand the impact of sensors on productivity Avoid software development waste Work with human-centered methods to measure productivity Look at the intersection of neuroscience and productivity Manage interruptions and context-switching Who Book Is For Industry developers and those responsible for seminar-style courses that include a segment on software developer productivity. Chapters are written for a generalist audience, without excessive use of technical terminology.
Comparing Apples With Apples
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Author : Mary Hallward-Driemeier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Comparing Apples With Apples written by Mary Hallward-Driemeier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Comparing Apples To Apples
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Author : Nin-Pratt, Alejandro
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2016-09-23
Comparing Apples To Apples written by Nin-Pratt, Alejandro and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-23 with Political Science categories.
It has been apparent for more than a century that future economic progress in agriculture will be driven by the invention and application of new technologies resulting from expenditure in research and development (R&D) by governments and private firms. Nevertheless, it is conventional wisdom in the economic development literature that there is a significant underinvestment in agricultural R&D in developing countries. Evidence supporting this belief is provided, first by a vast literature showing returns on R&D expenditure to be so high as to justify levels of investment in multiples of those actually found, and second, from available data showing low research effort in developing countries as measured by the intensity ratio (IR), that is, the percentage of agricultural gross domestic product invested in agricultural R&D (excluding the for-profit private sector). This paper argues that the IR is an inadequate indicator to measure and compare the research efforts of a diverse group of countries and proposes an alternative index that allows meaningful comparisons between countries. The proposed index can be used to identify potential under-investors, determine intensity gaps, and quantify the R&D investment needed to close these gaps by comparing countries with similar characteristics. Results obtained using the new R&D intensity indicator with a sample of 88 countries show that the investment effort in developing countries is much higher than the one observed using the conventional IR measure. The new measure finds that countries like China, India, Brazil, and Kenya have similar levels of R&D intensity to those in the United States. To close the R&D intensity gap measured by the new index, developing countries will need to invest US$7.1 billion on top of the $21.4 billion invested on average during 2008–2011, an increase of 33 percent of total actual investment.
Apples And Oranges
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Author : Bruce Lincoln
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2018-08-23
Apples And Oranges written by Bruce Lincoln and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Religion categories.
Comparison is an indispensable intellectual operation that plays a crucial role in the formation of knowledge. Yet comparison often leads us to forego attention to nuance, detail, and context, perhaps leaving us bereft of an ethical obligation to take things correspondingly as they are. Examining the practice of comparison across the study of history, language, religion, and culture, distinguished scholar of religion Bruce Lincoln argues in Apples and Oranges for a comparatism of a more modest sort. Lincoln presents critiques of recent attempts at grand comparison, and enlists numerous theoretical examples of how a more modest, cautious, and discriminating form of comparison might work and what it can accomplish. He does this through studies of shamans, werewolves, human sacrifices, apocalyptic prophecies, sacred kings, and surveys of materials as diverse and wide-ranging as Beowulf, Herodotus’s account of the Scythians, the Native American Ghost Dance, and the Spanish Civil War. Ultimately, Lincoln argues that concentrating one's focus on a relatively small number of items that the researcher can compare closely, offering equal attention to relations of similarity and difference, not only grants dignity to all parties considered, it yields more reliable and more interesting—if less grandiose—results. Giving equal attention to the social, historical, and political contexts and subtexts of religious and literary texts also allows scholars not just to assess their content, but also to understand the forces, problems, and circumstances that motivated and shaped them.
Comparing Apples To Apples
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Author : Peter Egger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Comparing Apples To Apples written by Peter Egger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Globalization categories.
Comparing Apples With Apples
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Author : Mary Hallward-Driemeier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Comparing Apples With Apples written by Mary Hallward-Driemeier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.