Comparing Fairness
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Comparing Fairness
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Author : McCain, Roger A.
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2021-08-27
Comparing Fairness written by McCain, Roger A. and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Economic theory and philosophy have discussed concepts of fairness, but the criteria of fairness are in each case absolute: a situation is either fair or it is not. This book draws on these literatures to propose two criteria of relative fairness, and a hierarchical rule for the priority of application of these criteria, with a view to comparison of practicable alternatives in public policy.
Comparing Police Organizations
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Author : Jenny Fleming
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-02-15
Comparing Police Organizations written by Jenny Fleming and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-15 with Social Science categories.
Police citizen encounters do not occur in a vacuum. Police systems globally have similarities and/or differences which remain largely understudied and therefore underexplained. Comparative policing is a new frontier for policing research as it aims at integrating the institutional and/or macro determinants of police strategy and provides important insights into the context in which such strategies emerge. This volume shows how lessons and insights emerge from a comparative approach to policing research in various regions of the world. It demonstrates the explanatory power of cross-national studies, with a particular focus on politics, policies, and for what concerns the nature of police work and the legitimacy of policing. The book presents comparative studies from different geographical locations such as Latin and Central America, Africa, India, and Europe, and offers insights on: Police worker politics in India and Brazil Police, non-state security actors, and political legitimacy in central America Trust in the police and the militarization of law enforcement in Latin America The origins of police legitimacy in Europe How organizational contexts matter by analyzing police-adolescent encounters in France and Germany Legitimacy and cooperation with the police in two African states. Cross-state and cross-society research is desirable to increase our understanding of variations of the macro context in which police forces operate, what policing means for citizens and for police officers as professional workers. This insightful volume is a key resource for scholars and researchers of policing, criminology, sociology, and law. This book was originally published as the inaugural volume of Comparative Policing Review / Policing and Society.
Fairness In Educational Assessment And Measurement
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Author : Neil J. Dorans
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-09-19
Fairness In Educational Assessment And Measurement written by Neil J. Dorans and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-19 with Education categories.
The importance of fairness, validity, and accessibility in assessment is greater than ever as testing expands to include more diverse populations, more complex purposes, and more sophisticated technologies. This book offers a detailed account of fairness in assessment, and illustrates the interplay between assessment and broader changes in education. In 16 chapters written by leading experts, this volume explores the philosophical, technical, and practical questions surrounding fair measurement. Fairness in Educational Assessment and Measurement addresses issues pertaining to the construction, administration, and scoring of tests, the comparison of performance across test takers, grade levels and tests, and the uses of educational test scores. Perfect for researchers and professionals in test development, design, and administration, Fairness in Educational Assessment and Measurement presents a diverse array of perspectives on this topic of enduring interest. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
A Philosophy Of Comparisons
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Author : Hartmut von Sass
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-09-09
A Philosophy Of Comparisons written by Hartmut von Sass and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-09 with Philosophy categories.
Comparing is one of the most essential practices, in our everyday life as well as in science and humanities. In this in-depth philosophical analysis of the structure, practice and ethics of comparative procedures, Hartmut von Sass expands on the significance of comparison. Elucidating the ramified structure of comparing, von Sass suggests a typology of comparisons before introducing the notion of comparative injustice and the limits of comparisons. He elaborates on comparing as practice by relating comparing to three relative practices – orienting, describing, and expressing oneself – to unfold some of the most important chapters of what might be called comparativism. This approach allows von Sass to clarify the idea of the incomparable, distinguish between different versions of incomparability and shed light on important ethical aspects of comparisons today. Confronting the claim that we are living in an age of comparisons, his book is an important contribution to ideas surrounding all-encompassing measurements and scalability and their critique.
Responsible Data Science
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Author : Grant Fleming
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-04-21
Responsible Data Science written by Grant Fleming and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-21 with Computers categories.
Explore the most serious prevalent ethical issues in data science with this insightful new resource The increasing popularity of data science has resulted in numerous well-publicized cases of bias, injustice, and discrimination. The widespread deployment of “Black box” algorithms that are difficult or impossible to understand and explain, even for their developers, is a primary source of these unanticipated harms, making modern techniques and methods for manipulating large data sets seem sinister, even dangerous. When put in the hands of authoritarian governments, these algorithms have enabled suppression of political dissent and persecution of minorities. To prevent these harms, data scientists everywhere must come to understand how the algorithms that they build and deploy may harm certain groups or be unfair. Responsible Data Science delivers a comprehensive, practical treatment of how to implement data science solutions in an even-handed and ethical manner that minimizes the risk of undue harm to vulnerable members of society. Both data science practitioners and managers of analytics teams will learn how to: Improve model transparency, even for black box models Diagnose bias and unfairness within models using multiple metrics Audit projects to ensure fairness and minimize the possibility of unintended harm Perfect for data science practitioners, Responsible Data Science will also earn a spot on the bookshelves of technically inclined managers, software developers, and statisticians.
Handbook Of Social Comparison
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Author : Jerry Suls
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Handbook Of Social Comparison written by Jerry Suls and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Psychology categories.
Comparison of objects, events, and situations is integral to judgment; comparisons of the self with other people comprise one of the building blocks of human conduct and experience. After four decades of research, the topic of social comparison is more popular than ever. In this timely handbook a distinguished roster of researchers and theoreticians describe where the field has been since its development in the early 1950s and where it is likely to go next.
Criminal Courts
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Author : Jonathan D. Casper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Criminal Courts written by Jonathan D. Casper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Crime categories.
"Felonies in three cities--Phoenix, Baltimore, and Detroit."--Abstract.
Employment Equity And Affirmative Action An International Comparison
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Author : Harish C. Jain
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-03-27
Employment Equity And Affirmative Action An International Comparison written by Harish C. Jain and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-27 with Business & Economics categories.
The authors of this comparative study of affirmative action compare the employment practices of six countries: the U.S., Canada, Great Britain/Northern Ireland, India, Malaysia, and South Africa. They look at mandatory quota policies; legislated versus voluntary policies; goals and timetables; restrictions and other policies; as well as recruitment, selection, compensation, performance appraisal, promotion, training, and career development. Their findings will prove useful for training managers of companies with global operations.
Justice In The Workplace
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Author : Russell Cropanzano
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2001
Justice In The Workplace written by Russell Cropanzano and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
This work aims to act as a central reference point for the application of organizational justice, helping human resource managers relate the importance of organizational justice within the workplace.
A Comparison Of Three Models For Determining Test Fairness
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Author : Mary A. Lewis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
A Comparison Of Three Models For Determining Test Fairness written by Mary A. Lewis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.
There are three prominent models of test fairness in the dichotomous situation: (a) Thorndike's Constant Ratio model (the ratio of the proportion successful to the proportion selected should be equal for the majority and the minority group); (b) Darlington's Conditional Probability model (the probability of selection, given that an individual is successful, should be equal for both groups); and (c) Einhorn and Bass' Equal Probability model (the probability of success, given that an individual is selected, should be equal for both groups). The present study explored, using a Monte Carlo technique, the robustness of these models to divergent sample size. This technique allows the generation of normally distributed variables of known means, standard deviations, and intercorrelations. Results indicated that all three models were equally able to identify test fairness under the conditions specified in the present study. The choice of model to use when evaluating test fairness must remain a subjective one based on the fairness goals of the testing agency and further definition of the test fairness by Federal guidelines.