Competitive Neutrality Maintaining A Level Playing Field Between Public And Private Business

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Competitive Neutrality Maintaining A Level Playing Field Between Public And Private Business

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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2012-09-03

Competitive Neutrality Maintaining A Level Playing Field Between Public And Private Business written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-03 with categories.

Part I: Introduction Part II: Aspects of competitive neutrality Part III: Options for implementation based on national practices

Competitive Neutrality Toolkit Promoting A Level Playing Field

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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2024-06-11

Competitive Neutrality Toolkit Promoting A Level Playing Field written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-11 with categories.

The Competitive Neutrality Toolkit provides a set of good practices, based on examples from international experience, to support public officials in identifying and reducing distortions to competition due to state intervention. It supports the implementation of the principles set out in the OECD Recommendation on Competitive Neutrality to promote a level playing field, and covers the Recommendation’s main themes: competition law and enforcement, regulatory environment, public procurement, state support, and public service obligations.

Competitive Neutrality Maintaining A Level Playing Field Between Public And Private Business

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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2012-09-11

Competitive Neutrality Maintaining A Level Playing Field Between Public And Private Business written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-11 with categories.

Part I: Introduction Part II: Aspects of competitive neutrality Part III: Options for implementation based on national practices

Competition Law

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Author : Richard|Bailey Whish (David)
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024

Competition Law written by Richard|Bailey Whish (David) and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024 with categories.

International Natural Resources Law Investment And Sustainability

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Author : Shawkat Alam
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-27

International Natural Resources Law Investment And Sustainability written by Shawkat Alam and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-27 with Law categories.

International Natural Resources Law, Investment and Sustainability provides a clear and concise insight into the relationship between the institutions that govern foreign investment, sustainable development and the rules and regulations that administer natural resources. In this book, several leading experts explore different perspectives in how investment and natural resources come together to achieve sustainable development in developing countries with examples from water, oil and gas, renewable energy, mineral, agriculture, and carbon trading. Despite varying perspectives, it is clear that several themes are central in considering the linkages between natural resources, investment and sustainability. Specifically, transparency, good governance and citizen empowerment are vital conditions which encourage positive social, economic and environmental outcomes for developing countries. In addition, this book provides new insights into key concepts which underpin international law, including sovereign rights and state responsibility principles. It is clear from this book that in the attempt to reconcile these concepts and principles from separate legal regimes, complex policy questions emerge whereby it is difficult to attain mutually beneficial or succinct outcomes. This book explores how countries prioritise their policy objectives to achieve their notion of sustainable natural resource use, which is strongly influenced by power imbalances that inform North–South cooperation, as well as South–South cooperation in the international investment regime. This book will be of great interest to students, academics and researchers of international environmental law, international human rights law, international investment law and international economic law. This book may also be of relevance to environmentalists, policy-makers, NGOs, and investors working in the natural resources field.

Markets And People

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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-02-10

Markets And People written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-10 with Business & Economics categories.

Romania’s income per capita has increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 63 percent in 2017, but this economic success rests on the wobbly foundations of unfavorable demographics, weak human capital, and ineffective institutions. Going forward, stronger competition and better human capital are critical to increasing the economy’s growth potential. Romanian manufacturing ï¬?rms are exposed to domestic and international competition, ensuring the flow of resources and market shares to more efï¬?cient players. This has not been the case for services, where anticompetitive regulations and direct state control often limit efï¬?ciency gains. Romanian state-owned enterprises do not compete on an equal footing with private sector ï¬?rms, distorting market outcomes and hampering the efï¬?cient allocation of resources. Removal of these restrictions would have a signiï¬?cant positive impact on GDP growth. Competitively neutral policies are needed to ensure that all enterprises, public or private, domestic or foreign, face the same set of rules. Romania’s human capital accumulation--proxied by the World Bank’s Human Capital Index (HCI)--is the lowest in the European Union and varies widely across counties. Disparities in education outcomes remain relevant across and within regions of Romania. Learning gaps in primary and secondary education persist. These can be seen clearly between urban and rural areas, across regions, and across social groups, requiring changes both at the systems level and at the learning-center level. In the labor market, the automation of production processes has started driving demand for higher levels of cognitive skills, while jobs involving the routine application of procedural knowledge are shrinking in number. A paradigm shift would require reforms in primary and secondary schooling, in addition to more targeted actions, to establish an effective skills development system to bolster human capital.

International Investment Law And Competition Law

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Author : Katia Fach Gómez
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-23

International Investment Law And Competition Law written by Katia Fach Gómez and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-23 with Law categories.

This EYIEL special issue examines the interaction between international investment law and competition law. Although issues related to both international investment law and competition law arise regularly in international legal practice and are examined together, scholarly analysis largely treats them as parallel universes. As a result their actual and potential overlap has yet to be sufficiently explored. In this light, International Investment Law and Competition Law discusses a variety of topics at the intersection of investment and competition, including the interaction between competition-related provisions and investment protection standards in free trade agreements; investors’ anti-competitive behaviour and illegal investments; state aid schemes and foreign investors’ legitimate expectations; EU member States’ compliance with investment awards as (illegal) state aid under EU law; State-owned enterprises and competitive neutrality; and interactions between public procurement, investment and competition law.

Ownership And Governance Of State Owned Enterprises 2024

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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2024-10-28

Ownership And Governance Of State Owned Enterprises 2024 written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-28 with categories.

This report provides trends and evolutions in the ownership and governance of state-owned enterprises across nearly 59 jurisdictions worldwide. It complements the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises and provides comparable information across jurisdictions to support more effective implementation of the Guidelines.

Weaponizing Eu State Aid Law To Impact The Future Of Eu Investment Policy In The Global Context

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Author : Pamela Finckenberg-Broman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-09-28

Weaponizing Eu State Aid Law To Impact The Future Of Eu Investment Policy In The Global Context written by Pamela Finckenberg-Broman and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-28 with Law categories.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of how EU state aid law is shaping the future of EU investment policy in a global context. It examines in detail how EU state aid policy and practice interact with the EU investment regime on the internal market and affect the external trade relations of the Member States and the EU alike. The debate this book engages in concerns competence, i.e., which body delineates the scope of state aid law and policy (now and in the future) when and where it intersects and collides with another distinct legal field: investment protection. Pursuing a doctrinal approach to the topic in the light of EU law and international law, the book analyses the interaction of the EU’s trade, state aid and investment policy. This is done by posing the following research question: How is EU state aid law shaping the future of EU investment policy in a global context? Further, the book puts forward three corresponding arguments. First, this influence can be seen in the EU’s incorporation of clauses promoting fair competition and state aid policy in international trade agreements. Second, EU state aid law and policy contributed to recent internal developments which led the Member States to terminate their bilateral agreements with each other (intra-EU BITs) by the end of 2019. Third, the EU has been working to replace the BITs between its Member States and third countries (extra-EU BITs) with its own trade agreements, which are aligned with EU legislation. This combined analysis of EU law and international law yields a number of interesting conclusions. The book addresses a highly topical and rapidly evolving area of EU law and international investment law. It is also the first book to provide a comprehensive approach to the interplay of state aid rules and EU investment policy internally and externally, i.e., within the EU and on a global scale. As such, it closes an important gap in the extant literature on international and EU law.

Financing State Owned Enterprises An Overview Of National Practices

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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2014-05-05

Financing State Owned Enterprises An Overview Of National Practices written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-05 with categories.

This book sheds light on how financing decisions are made regarding state-owned enterprises and synthesises national policies and practices.