Complexity Of Internet Interconnections

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Complexity Of Internet Interconnections

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Author : Peyman Faratin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016

Complexity Of Internet Interconnections written by Peyman Faratin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.

End-to-End (E2E) packet delivery in the Internet is achieved through a system of interconnections between heterogeneous entities called Autonomous Systems (ASes). As of March 2007, there were over 26,000 in use. Most ASes are ISPs, but they also include enterprises, governmental or educational institutions, and increasingly large content providers with mostly outbound traffic such as Google, Yahoo, and YouTube as well as overlay content distribution networks such as Akamai and Limelight. Each AS controls or administers its own domain of addresses but ASes must physically interconnect to provide end-to-end connectivity across the Internet. Interconnection is not only important from a reachability perspective but also quality and performance perspective, because how ASes interconnect, both physically and contractually, determines how packets are routed and impacts the quality and choice of services that may be supported. The initial pattern of AS interconnection in the Internet was relatively simple, involving mainly ISPs with a balanced mixture of inbound and outbound traffic. One goal of this paper is to demonstrate how changing market conditions and industrial organization of Internet have jointly forced interconnections and associated contracts to become significantly more diverse and complex than is commonly understood. The diversity of interconnection contracts is significant because efficient allocation of costs and revenues across the Internet value chain impacts the profitability of the industry. However, current models of interconnection fail to reflect such emerging diversity of possible interconnections. We currently lack good data and models on these developments. In particular, most models of AS interconnection describe two sorts of arrangements: transit (a “vertical” relationship where small networks pay larger network for access to the rest of the Internet) and peering (a “horizontal” relationship where similar sized networks engage in revenue-neutral interconnection). We will highlight the now obvious distinction between networks that specialize in content distribution and broadband residential networks that specialize in consumer access to the Internet. The introduction of such ASes increases the heterogeneity of players in the interconnection market. Furthermore, their highly asymmetric pattern of traffic flow (from content to “eyeballs”) has resulted in increased complexity of the incentives to interconnect, and the diversity of the resulting negotiation. Not surprisingly, the challenges of recovering the fixed and usage-sensitive costs of network transport have given rise to more complex settlements mechanisms than the simple bifurcated (transit and peering) model. In the following, we provide an insight to recent operational developments, explaining why interconnection in the Internet has become more complex, the nature of interconnection bargaining process, the implications for cost/revenue allocation and hence interconnections incentives, and what this means for public policy.

Network Economics For Next Generation Networks

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Author : Peter Reichl
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-05-07

Network Economics For Next Generation Networks written by Peter Reichl and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-07 with Computers categories.

Starting with the imminent roll-out of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and fourth-Generation networking technology, Next Generation Networks (NGN) are gradually becoming reality, with charging and Quality-of-Service (QoS) issues as two of the key drivers for the evolution toward the convergent all-IP network of the future. Therefore, the 6th International Workshop on Internet Charging and QoS Technology (ICQT 2009) was devoted to discussing the most recent approaches, models, and mechanisms in this highly interesting and important research area. The present volume of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series includes those papers presented at ICQT 2009—collocated this year with the IFIP Networking 2009 conference—taking place on May 15, 2009, in Aachen, Germany and hosted by the Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH Aachen). For the commercial success of future QoS-enabled communication services, the emergence of viable business models, pricing schemes, and charging and accounting mechanisms is of paramount importance. Problems in this domain can only be addressed through a broad interdisciplinary approach linking together a variety of technical and economic perspectives, which are constantly driving a plethora of relevant research t- ics for application developers, business architects, network providers, service providers, and customers. Within the current trend toward a convergent NGN architecture, compe- tion modeling, pricing mechanisms, and the economics of inter-domain traffic are of specific importance and urgency. Thus, they determined—in the form of three technical sessions—the core of the ICQT 2009 program.

Interconnection And The Internet

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Author : Gregory L. Rosston
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-26

Interconnection And The Internet written by Gregory L. Rosston and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the Federal Communications Commission's Local Competition Order are just two examples of the continuing monumental and far-reaching changes occurring throughout the telecommunications industry. At the 1996 Telecommunications Policy Research Conference (TPRC) -- an annual forum for dialogue among scholars and the policymaking community on a wide range of telecommunications issues -- leading industry and academic researchers presented results of their research and insights in key areas of activity, including: *interconnection and competition; *Internet growth and commerce; *Internet regulation and control; and *the political economy of telecommunications regulation. The best of the 1996 TPRC papers are included here, representing the forefront of research in the telecommunications industry. The third in an annual LEA series of volumes based on this important conference, this collection reflects the rapid economic, technological, and social development of telecommunications. It also reflects the current state of research thinking on this issue and provides a foundation for further telecommunications policy analysis.

Dynamics Of Complex Interconnected Systems Networks And Bioprocesses

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Author : Arne T. Skjeltorp
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-12-22

Dynamics Of Complex Interconnected Systems Networks And Bioprocesses written by Arne T. Skjeltorp and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-12-22 with Science categories.

This book reviews the synergism between various fields of research that are confronted with networks, such as genetic and metabolic networks, social networks, the Internet and ecological systems. In many cases, the interacting networks manifest so-called emergent properties that are not possessed by any of the individual components. Knowledge gained from the study of complex non-biological systems can be applied to the intricate braided relationships that govern cellular functions.

Handbook On The Economics Of The Internet

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Author : Johannes M. Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-05-27

Handbook On The Economics Of The Internet written by Johannes M. Bauer and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-27 with Business & Economics categories.

The Internet is connecting an increasing number of individuals, organizations, and devices into global networks of information flows. It is accelerating the dynamics of innovation in the digital economy, affecting the nature and intensity of competition, and enabling private companies, governments, and the non-profit sector to develop new business models. In this new ecosystem many of the theoretical assumptions and historical observations upon which economics rests are altered and need critical reassessment.

Economics Of Information Security And Privacy Iii

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Author : Bruce Schneier
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-25

Economics Of Information Security And Privacy Iii written by Bruce Schneier and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-25 with Computers categories.

The Workshop on the Economics of Information Security (WEIS) is the leading forum for interdisciplinary scholarship on information security, combining expertise from the fields of economics, social science, business, law, policy and computer science. Prior workshops have explored the role of incentives between attackers and defenders, identified market failures dogging Internet security, and assessed investments in cyber-defense. Current contributions build on past efforts using empirical and analytic tools to not only understand threats, but also strengthen security through novel evaluations of available solutions. Economics of Information Security and Privacy III addresses the following questions: how should information risk be modeled given the constraints of rare incidence and high interdependence; how do individuals' and organizations' perceptions of privacy and security color their decision making; how can we move towards a more secure information infrastructure and code base while accounting for the incentives of stakeholders?

Management In The Age Of Digital Business Complexity

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Author : Bill McKelvey
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-07

Management In The Age Of Digital Business Complexity written by Bill McKelvey and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-07 with Business & Economics categories.

Management in the Age of Digital Business Complexity focuses on how the digital age is changing management and vastly speeding up complexity dynamics. The recent coevolution of technologies has dramatically changed in just a few years how people and firms learn, communicate, and behave. Consequently, the process of how firms coevolve and the speed at which they coevolve has been dramatically changed in the digital age, and managerial methods are lagging way behind. Combining his own expertise with that of a number of specialist and international co-authors, McKelvey conveys how companies that fall behind digitally can quickly be driven out of business. The book has been created for academics seeking to upgrade management thinking into the modern digital age and vastly improve the change capabilities of firms facing digital-oriented competition.

Fundamentals Of Complex Networks

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Author : Guanrong Chen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-12-22

Fundamentals Of Complex Networks written by Guanrong Chen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-22 with Computers categories.

Complex networks such as the Internet, WWW, transportation networks, power grids, biological neural networks, and scientific cooperation networks of all kinds provide challenges for future technological development. • The first systematic presentation of dynamical evolving networks, with many up-to-date applications and homework projects to enhance study • The authors are all very active and well-known in the rapidly evolving field of complex networks • Complex networks are becoming an increasingly important area of research • Presented in a logical, constructive style, from basic through to complex, examining algorithms, through to construct networks and research challenges of the future

Statistical Mechanics Of Complex Networks

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Author : Romualdo Pastor-Satorras
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-08-08

Statistical Mechanics Of Complex Networks written by Romualdo Pastor-Satorras and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-08 with Science categories.

Networks can provide a useful model and graphic image useful for the description of a wide variety of web-like structures in the physical and man-made realms, e.g. protein networks, food webs and the Internet. The contributions gathered in the present volume provide both an introduction to, and an overview of, the multifaceted phenomenology of complex networks. Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks also provides a state-of-the-art picture of current theoretical methods and approaches.

The Internet Peering Playbook

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Author : William B. Norton
language : en
Publisher: DrPeering Press
Release Date : 2011

The Internet Peering Playbook written by William B. Norton and has been published by DrPeering Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.