Comprehensive Blast Loading Failure Analysis Of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Building Columns
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Comprehensive Blast Loading Failure Analysis Of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Building Columns
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Author : Brent M. Meins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Comprehensive Blast Loading Failure Analysis Of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Building Columns written by Brent M. Meins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Blast effect categories.
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns
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Author : Sarah De Carufel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns written by Sarah De Carufel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Previous events have demonstrated the vulnerability of reinforced concrete infrastructure to blast loading. In buildings, ground-story columns are key structural components, and their failure can lead to extensive damages which can cause progressive collapse. To prevent such disasters, the steel reinforcement in such columns must be properly detailed to ensure sufficient strength and ductility. The use of modern concrete materials such ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is one potential solution to improve the blast performance of columns. UHPC shows high compressive strength, high tensile resistance and superior toughness, properties which make it ideal for use in the blast-resistant design of columns. The combined use of UHPC and high-performance steels can potentially be used to further enhance the blast resistance of columns. This thesis presents an experimental and analytical study which investigated the use of high-performance materials to increase the blast capacity and ductility of reinforced concrete columns. As part of the experimental study, a total of seventeen columns were tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa Shock-Tube. Parameters investigated included the effect of concrete type (NSC and UHPC), steel reinforcement type (normal-strength, high-strength or highly ductile), longitudinal reinforcement ratio, seismic detailing and fiber properties. The test program included two control specimens built with normal-strength concrete, five specimens built with UHPC in combination with high-strength steel, and ten columns built with highly ductile stainless steel reinforcement. Each column was subjected to a series of increasing blast pressures until failure. The performance of the columns is investigated by comparing the displacements, impulse capacity and secondary fragmentation resistance of the columns. The results show that using high-performance steels increases the blast performance of UHPC columns. The use of sufficient amounts of high-strength steel in combination with UHPC led to important increases in column blast capacity. The use of ductile stainless steel reinforcement allowed for important enhancements in column ductility, with an ability to prevent rupture of tension steel reinforcement. The study also shows that increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio is an effective means of increasing the blast resistance of UHPC columns The thesis also presents an extensive analytical study which aimed at predicting the response of the test columns using dynamic inelastic, single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to examine the effect of various modelling parameters on the analytical predictions. Overall, it was shown that SDOF analysis could be used to predict the blast response of UHPC columns with reasonable accuracy. To further corroborate the results from the experimental study, the thesis also presents an analytical parametric study examining the blast performance of larger-scale columns. The results further demonstrate the benefits of using UHPC and high-performance steel reinforcement in columns subjected to blast loading.
Blast Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns
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Author : Alan Eric Walker Lloyd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Blast Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns written by Alan Eric Walker Lloyd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Concrete Structures Subjected To Impact And Blast Loadings And Their Combinations
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Author : Chunwei Zhang
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-05-08
Concrete Structures Subjected To Impact And Blast Loadings And Their Combinations written by Chunwei Zhang and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Although much research focuses on investigating the responses of reinforced concrete (RC) structures under sole impact or blast loads, the responses of RC structures under a combination of impact and blast loads currently represent a gap in our knowledge. The combined actions of impact and blast loadings may be applied to RC structures during accidental or intentional collision of vessels, vehicles, etc., carrying explosive materials. A comprehensive study on the vulnerability of various structural members is carried out using finite element (FE) simulations under combination of impact and blast loads with the variations of various loading- and structural-related parameters and key parameters. This book introduces various structural analysis approaches for concrete structures when subjected to extreme loads such as impact and blast loadings. The theory of the combinations of impact and blast loads is proposed that can provide primary insights to the specific readers to develop new ideas in impact and blast engineering, including combined actions of extreme loads arising from real-world intentional or accidental events. This book will be of value to students (undergraduate or postgraduate), engineers, and researchers in structural and civil engineering, and specifically, those who are studying and investigating the performances of concrete structures under extreme loads.
Vulnerability Of Reinforced Concrete Columns To External Blast Loading
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Author : Abdullah Al-Bayti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Vulnerability Of Reinforced Concrete Columns To External Blast Loading written by Abdullah Al-Bayti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Reinforced concrete columns are essential elements that are responsible for overall strength and stability of structures. Loss of a column within a frame can cause progressive collapse. While some research has been conducted on blast performance of reinforced columns, primarily under far-field explosions, very limited work exists on the effects of close-in explosions. Dynamic response of concrete columns, in multi storey building, was investigated under close-in blast loads numerically, using FEM software LS-DYNA. A six-storey reinforced concrete building was selected for this purpose. Different standoff distance/charge mass combinations were used to investigate the failure modes of external building columns. Three different charge masses were used; i) backpack bomb having 22.67 kg (50 lbs) of TNT, ii) compact sedan car bomb with 227 kg (500 lbs) of TNT and iii) sedan car bomb with 454 kg (1000 lbs) of TNT. The explosives were placed at different distances relatively close to the structure, triggering different failure modes. Effects of transverse reinforcement and column location (edge versus corner column) were studied under different combinations of charge weight and standoff distance. Column response under dynamic blast load was identified as either local or global. The results show that the failure mode with backpack bombs located at small standoff distance is either local breaching or concrete scabbing. Direct shear failure occurred at column supports when higher charge masses were detonated at close distances. As the standoff distance increased the response changed from breaching or direct shear to diagonal tension and flexure. The column transverse reinforcement played a major role in controlling diagonal shear cracks and promoting flexural response. Hence, the amount and spacing of transverse reinforcement were observed to be important design parameters.
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading
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Author : Frederic Dagenais
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading written by Frederic Dagenais and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Strength Of High Strength Concrete Columns Under Eccentric Compression
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Author : R. H. Basappa Setty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Strength Of High Strength Concrete Columns Under Eccentric Compression written by R. H. Basappa Setty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Columns, Concrete categories.
The research work involved a study of behaviour and strength of eccentrically loaded High Strength Concrete columns. The research comprised experimental and analytical components. With regard to experimental work, twelve columns were manufactured and tested to failure. All columns were rectangular in cross-section with 300 mm x 100 mm as dimensions. The test specimens were loaded about the minor axis. The ratio of longitudinal reinforcement was either 1.47% (4 - 12 mm diameter bars) or 2.2% (6 - 12 mm diameter bars). The lateral reinforcement was in the form of rectangular closed ties made of 6 mm wires (W6). The spacing of ties was generally 50 mm, but, was decreased to 30 mm, at either ends to avoid premature failure.
Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Protected By Frp Laminates
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Author : Bessam Kadhom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Protected By Frp Laminates written by Bessam Kadhom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading
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Author : Amer Hammoud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading written by Amer Hammoud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Accounting for blast hazards has become one of the major concerns for civil engineers when analysing and designing structures. Recent terrorist attacks and accidental explosions have demonstrated the importance of mitigating blast effects on buildings to ensure safety, preserve life and ensure structural integrity. Innovative materials such as high-strength concrete, steel fibers, and high-strength steel offer a potential solution to increase resistance against extreme dynamic loading and improve the blast resilience of buildings. This thesis presents the results of an experimental and analytical study examining the effect of high-strength concrete, high-strength reinforcement and steel fibers on the blast behaviour of reinforced concrete columns. As part of the study, a total of seventeen reinforced concrete columns with different design combinations of concrete, steel fibers, and steel reinforcement were designed, constructed, and tested under gradually increasing blast loads using the University of Ottawa shock-tube facility. Criteria used to assess the blast performance of the columns and the effect of the test variables included overall blast capacity, mid-span displacements, cracking patterns, secondary fragmentation, and failure modes. The effect of concrete strength was found to only have a moderate effect on the blast performance of the columns. However, the results showed that benefits are associated with the combined use of high-strength concrete with steel fibers and high-strength reinforcement in columns tested under blast loads. In addition to the experimental program, a dynamic inelastic single-degree-of-freedom analysis was performed to predict the displacement response of the test columns. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to examine the effect of various modelling parameters such as materials models, DIFs, and accumulated damage on the analytical predictions.
Analysis And Response Mechanisms Of Blast Loaded Reinforced Concrete Columns
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Author : George Daniel Williams (II.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Analysis And Response Mechanisms Of Blast Loaded Reinforced Concrete Columns written by George Daniel Williams (II.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Terrorism has been an international threat to high occupancy civilian structures, government buildings, and military installations for many years. Statistical data from past terrorist attacks show that transportation infrastructure has been widely targeted, and a bombing of an ordinary highway bridge is a realistic scenario. Recent threats to bridges in the U.S. confirm this concern and have caught the attention of the bridge engineering community. Given that many ordinary highway bridges in the United States support critical emergency evacuation routes, military transportation plans, and vital economic corridors, the loss of a key bridge could result in severe national security, economic, and socioeconomic consequences. Therefore, in this research, a simplified procedure is developed to predict blast loads on bridge columns, and an understanding of the mechanisms that cause damage and ultimately failure of blast-loaded reinforced concrete bridge columns is advanced. To that end, computational fluid dynamics models are constructed and validated using experimental data. These numerical models are used to characterize the structural loads experienced by square and circular bridge columns subjected to blast loads, which is followed by the formulation of a simplified load prediction procedure. Additionally, nonlinear, three-dimensional, dynamic finite element models of blast-loaded reinforced concrete bridge columns are developed and validated using qualitative and quantitative data from recent experimental tests. The results of these analyses illustrate the fact that circular columns cannot be assumed to experience less base shear demand than a square column simply because they experience less net resultant impulse. Furthermore, the column response models developed in this research are used to identify and explain the mechanisms that lead to the spalling of side cover concrete off blast-loaded reinforced concrete members observed in recent experimental tests. Therefore, the results of this research advance the understanding of the structural loads on and the resulting response of reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to blast loads, and as such these contributions to the structural engineering community enhance the security of the U.S. transportation infrastructure.