Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading
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Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading
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Author : Amer Hammoud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading written by Amer Hammoud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Accounting for blast hazards has become one of the major concerns for civil engineers when analysing and designing structures. Recent terrorist attacks and accidental explosions have demonstrated the importance of mitigating blast effects on buildings to ensure safety, preserve life and ensure structural integrity. Innovative materials such as high-strength concrete, steel fibers, and high-strength steel offer a potential solution to increase resistance against extreme dynamic loading and improve the blast resilience of buildings. This thesis presents the results of an experimental and analytical study examining the effect of high-strength concrete, high-strength reinforcement and steel fibers on the blast behaviour of reinforced concrete columns. As part of the study, a total of seventeen reinforced concrete columns with different design combinations of concrete, steel fibers, and steel reinforcement were designed, constructed, and tested under gradually increasing blast loads using the University of Ottawa shock-tube facility. Criteria used to assess the blast performance of the columns and the effect of the test variables included overall blast capacity, mid-span displacements, cracking patterns, secondary fragmentation, and failure modes. The effect of concrete strength was found to only have a moderate effect on the blast performance of the columns. However, the results showed that benefits are associated with the combined use of high-strength concrete with steel fibers and high-strength reinforcement in columns tested under blast loads. In addition to the experimental program, a dynamic inelastic single-degree-of-freedom analysis was performed to predict the displacement response of the test columns. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to examine the effect of various modelling parameters such as materials models, DIFs, and accumulated damage on the analytical predictions.
Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Shock Wave Loading
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Author : Alan Lloyd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Shock Wave Loading written by Alan Lloyd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Blast effect categories.
Performance Of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Shock Wave Loading
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Author : Russell P. Burrell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Performance Of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Shock Tube Induced Shock Wave Loading written by Russell P. Burrell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Blast effect categories.
It is important to ensure that vulnerable structures (federal and provincial offices, military structures, embassies, etc) are blast resistant to safeguard life and critical infrastructure. In the wake of recent malicious attacks and accidental explosions, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure that columns in structures are properly detailed to provide the ductility and continuity necessary to prevent progressive collapse. Research has shown that steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) can enhance many of the properties of concrete, including improved post-cracking tensile capacity, enhanced shear resistance, and increased ductility. The enhanced properties of SFRC make it an ideal candidate for use in the blast resistant design of structures. There is limited research on the behaviour of SFRC under high strain rates, including impact and blast loading, and some of this data is conflicting, with some researchers showing that the additional ductility normally evident in SFRC is absent or reduced at high strain loading. On the other hand, other data indicates that SFRC can improve toughness and energy-absorption capacity under extreme loading conditions. This thesis presents the results of experimental research involving tests of scaled reinforced concrete columns exposed to shock wave induced impulsive loads using the University of Ottawa Shock Tube. A total of 13 half-scale steel fibre reinforced concrete columns, 8 with normal strength steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) and 5 with an ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC), were constructed and tested under simulated blast pressures. The columns were designed according to CSA A23.3 standards for both seismic and non-seismic regions, using various fibre amounts and types. Each column was exposed to similar shock wave loads in order to provide direct comparisons between seismic and non-seismically detailed columns, amount of steel fibres, type of steel fibres, and type of concrete. The dynamic response of the columns tested in the experimental program is predicted by generating dynamic load-deformation resistance functions for SFRC and UHPFRC columns and using single degree of freedom dynamic analysis software, RCBlast. The analytical results are compared to experimental data, and shown to accurately predict the maximum mid-span displacements of the fibre reinforced concrete columns under shock wave loading.
Blast Performance Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Beams Tested Under Shock Tube Induced Loads
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Author : Corey Guertin-Normoyle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Blast Performance Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Beams Tested Under Shock Tube Induced Loads written by Corey Guertin-Normoyle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Modern day structures are reaching higher, spanning longer and undergoing new design methods. In addition to regular loads, it is becoming increasingly important to consider the potential risks of intentional and accidental explosions on structures. In the case of reinforced concrete buildings, critical elements such as beams and columns must de designed with sufficient strength and ductility to mitigate against the effects of blast loads to safekeep the public and prevent progressive structural collapse. Recent advancements in structural materials have led to the development of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with high compressive strength, tensile resistance, toughness and energy absorption capacity, properties which are ideal for blast protection of structures. Combining UHPC with high-performance steels, such as and high strength reinforcement is another potential solution to enhance the blast resilience of structures. This experimental and analytical research program investigates the advantages of combining high performance materials to increase the blast capacity of reinforced concrete beams. The experimental program includes tests on 21 beam specimens, fourteen of which are subjected to extreme blast loading using the University of Ottawa shock-tube, with seven companion specimens tested statically. Parameters investigated include: effect of concrete type (NSC vs. UHPC), effect of steel reinforcement type (NSR vs. HSR), effect of longitudinal reinforcement ratio, effect of fiber type/content and effect of transverse reinforcement on structural performance under static and dynamic loads. The experimental study includes three series having specified material combinations as follows: series 1 (NSC & NSR), series 2 (UHPC & NSR) and series 3 (UHPC & HSR). Each dynamically tested beam specimen is subjected to gradually increasing blast shockwaves until reaching failure. Performance assessment criteria included; maximum and residual displacements, overall blast resistance and resistance to secondary fragmentation. Results show that the specimens detailed with UHPC can resist greater blast loads with reduced mid-span displacement and debris generation when compared to beams built with conventional concrete. The combination of UHPC and high strength reinforcement further enhances blast performance and delays failure as both high strength materials balance themselves for optimum efficiency. Similarly, for specimens subjected to static loading, the use of UHPC increased the maximum load resisted by the beams, although failure mode alters from concrete crushing to rebar rupture. The combination of UHPC and high strength reinforcement further heightens beam resistance, at the expense of reduced specimen ductility. The analytical component of this thesis presents an analysis program called UO Resistance which is capable of predicting structural element resistance curves and conducting a dynamic inelastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) analysis of members subjected to blast loads. Resistance curves generated using UO Resistance were compared to data obtained through static testing and were found to effectively predict specimen response. Similarly, dynamic analysis methods implemented in UO Resistance prove to be effective at predicting specimen response under blast load. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of various modeling parameters on the static and SDOF dynamic predictions of specimen response.
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading
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Author : Frederic Dagenais
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading written by Frederic Dagenais and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Blast Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns
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Author : Alan Eric Walker Lloyd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Blast Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Columns written by Alan Eric Walker Lloyd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns
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Author : Sarah De Carufel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns written by Sarah De Carufel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Previous events have demonstrated the vulnerability of reinforced concrete infrastructure to blast loading. In buildings, ground-story columns are key structural components, and their failure can lead to extensive damages which can cause progressive collapse. To prevent such disasters, the steel reinforcement in such columns must be properly detailed to ensure sufficient strength and ductility. The use of modern concrete materials such ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is one potential solution to improve the blast performance of columns. UHPC shows high compressive strength, high tensile resistance and superior toughness, properties which make it ideal for use in the blast-resistant design of columns. The combined use of UHPC and high-performance steels can potentially be used to further enhance the blast resistance of columns. This thesis presents an experimental and analytical study which investigated the use of high-performance materials to increase the blast capacity and ductility of reinforced concrete columns. As part of the experimental study, a total of seventeen columns were tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa Shock-Tube. Parameters investigated included the effect of concrete type (NSC and UHPC), steel reinforcement type (normal-strength, high-strength or highly ductile), longitudinal reinforcement ratio, seismic detailing and fiber properties. The test program included two control specimens built with normal-strength concrete, five specimens built with UHPC in combination with high-strength steel, and ten columns built with highly ductile stainless steel reinforcement. Each column was subjected to a series of increasing blast pressures until failure. The performance of the columns is investigated by comparing the displacements, impulse capacity and secondary fragmentation resistance of the columns. The results show that using high-performance steels increases the blast performance of UHPC columns. The use of sufficient amounts of high-strength steel in combination with UHPC led to important increases in column blast capacity. The use of ductile stainless steel reinforcement allowed for important enhancements in column ductility, with an ability to prevent rupture of tension steel reinforcement. The study also shows that increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio is an effective means of increasing the blast resistance of UHPC columns The thesis also presents an extensive analytical study which aimed at predicting the response of the test columns using dynamic inelastic, single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to examine the effect of various modelling parameters on the analytical predictions. Overall, it was shown that SDOF analysis could be used to predict the blast response of UHPC columns with reasonable accuracy. To further corroborate the results from the experimental study, the thesis also presents an analytical parametric study examining the blast performance of larger-scale columns. The results further demonstrate the benefits of using UHPC and high-performance steel reinforcement in columns subjected to blast loading.
Effect Of High Performance Concrete And Steel Materials On The Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete One Way Slabs
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Author : Christian Melançon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of High Performance Concrete And Steel Materials On The Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete One Way Slabs written by Christian Melançon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading
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Author : Steve Castonguay
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading written by Steve Castonguay and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This thesis focuses on the dynamic and static behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SRFC) beams. As part of this study a total of eighteen (18) beams are tested, including fourteen (14) SFRC beams, and a companion set of four (4) beams built without fibers. Seven (7) of the beams are tested under quasi-static (slowly applied) loading with the remaining eleven (11) beams tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa shock-tube. The variables considered in this study include: concrete type (SFRC vs. conventional concrete), fiber content, fiber type, as well as the effect of transverse reinforcement. The criteria used to evaluate the blast performance of the beams includes: overall blast capacity, maximum and residual mid-span displacement, secondary fragmentation and damage control. Static results confirm the beneficial effect of fibers on improving the shear and flexural capacity of beams. Dynamic results show that use of steel fibers at a sufficient content can increase shear capacity and effectively replace transverse reinforcement in beams tested under blast loads. The results also show that increasing fiber content can improve the blast response of the beams by reducing maximum and residual mid-span displacement, improving damage tolerance and minimizing secondary blast fragments. However, at high fiber contents, problems with workability of the concrete mix can occur, resulting in a reduction of improvements when compared to SFRC specimens with lower fiber content. The analytical research program aimed at predicting the response of the test beams using dynamic inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis. Overall the analytical results demonstrate that SDOF analysis can be used to predict the blast response of beams built with SFRC.
Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Protected By Frp Laminates
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Author : Bessam Kadhom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns Protected By Frp Laminates written by Bessam Kadhom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.