Conflict Of Interest And Medicine
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Conflict Of Interest And Medicine
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Author : Boris Hauray
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-05
Conflict Of Interest And Medicine written by Boris Hauray and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-05 with Social Science categories.
In the context of a growing criticism on the influence of the pharmaceutical industry on physicians, scientists, or politicians, Conflict of Interest and Medicine offers a comprehensive analysis of the conflict of interest in medicine anchored in the social sciences, with perspectives from sociology, history, political science, and law. Based on in-depth empirical investigations conducted within different territories (France, the European Union, and the United States) the contributions analyze the development of conflict of interest as a social issue and how it impacts the production of medical knowledge and expertise, physicians’ work and their prescriptions, and also the framing of health crises and controversies. In doing so, they bring a new understanding of the transformations in the political economy of pharmaceutical knowledge, the politicization of public health risks, and the promotion of transparency in science and public life. Complementing the more normative and quantitative understandings of conflict of interest issues that dominate today, this book will be of interest to researchers in a broad range of areas including social studies of sciences and technology, sociology of health and illness, and political sociology and ethics. It will be also a valuable resource for health professionals, medical scientists, or regulators facing the question of corporate influence.
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research Education And Practice
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-09-16
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research Education And Practice written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-16 with Medical categories.
Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research Education And Practice
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-10-16
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research Education And Practice written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-16 with Medical categories.
Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.
Conflicts Of Interest In Clinical Practice And Research
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Author : Roy G. Spece
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Conflicts Of Interest In Clinical Practice And Research written by Roy G. Spece and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Law categories.
Our society has long sanctioned, at least tacitly, a conflict of interest in medical practice and research as an unavoidable consequence of the different interests of the participants in health care: the physician or clinical researcher, the patient or research subject, insurance companies or research sponsors, the government, and society as a whole. This multidisciplinary effort draws from philosophy, medicine, law, economics and public policy to identify and categorize conflicts of interest in medical practice and clinical research, and, where possible, to offer a mechanism for resolving them. Part I reviews the theoretical background, including basic concepts and analytical frameworks. The second part discusses two topics prominent in current health care policy debates--self-referral and financial incentives to limit care. Part III examines conflicts of interest generated by pharmaceutical industry involvement in clinical practice and research. The final section deals with clinical research in several contexts, including institutional review boards, clinical trials, research agreements between the government and private researchers, brokerage of research subjects by contract research organizations, and cost-effectiveness studies.
Conflict Of Interest In The Professions
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Author : Michael Davis
language : en
Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2001
Conflict Of Interest In The Professions written by Michael Davis and has been published by Oxford : Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Conflict of interests categories.
Conflicts of interest pose special problems for the professions. Even the appearance of a conflict of interest can undermine essential trust between professions and the public. This volume is an accessible guide to the ramifications and problems caused by conflicts of interest. It contains 15 new essays by scholars, and covers topics in law, medicine, journalism, engineering, financial services, and others.
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research And Clinical Trials
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Author : Anu Rastogi
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2016-05-04
Conflict Of Interest In Medical Research And Clinical Trials written by Anu Rastogi and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-04 with Medical categories.
Scientific Essay from the year 2015 in the subject Medicine - Other, , language: English, abstract: Conflict of interest in medical research or clinical trial refers to situations where a patient’s health is compromised by either financial or non-financial gains. It is defined as a dispute between a physician’s decision in patient’s best interest, and any potential personal gain. Concerns regarding the influence of biotechnology companies and pharmaceutical industries in research activities and funding of clinical trials have been increasing since the 1970’s. Conflict of interest arising from wide range of financial ties with the private industry leads to undue pressure on professional judgments and put the objectivity of professional education and the patient’s care and confidence in medicine at risk. This bias may affect adverse events reporting, data analysis and interpretation. As such, there is a growing need to safeguard the interest of the human subjects and to protect their welfare while participating in research and clinical trials.
Conflict Of Interest And Medical Innovation
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2014-06-16
Conflict Of Interest And Medical Innovation written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-16 with Medical categories.
Scientific advances such as the sequencing of the human genome have created great promise for improving human health by providing a greater understanding of disease biology and enabling the development of new drugs, diagnostics, and preventive services. However, the translation of research advances into clinical applications has so far been slower than anticipated. This is due in part to the complexity of the underlying biology as well as the cost and time it takes to develop a product. Pharmaceutical companies are adapting their business models to this new reality for product development by placing increasing emphasis on leveraging alliances, joint development efforts, early-phase research partnerships, and public-private partnerships. These collaborative efforts make it possible to identify new drug targets, enhance the understanding of the underlying basis of disease, discover novel indications for the use of already approved products, and develop biomarkers for disease outcomes or directed drug use. While the potential benefits of collaboration are significant, the fact that the relationships among development partners are often financial means that it is vital to ensure trust by identifying, disclosing, and managing any potential sources of conflict that could create bias in the research being performed together. Conflict of Interest and Medical Innovation is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Translating Genomic-Based Research for Health in June 2013 to explore the appropriate balance between identifying and managing conflicts of interest and advancing medical innovation. A wide range of stakeholders, including government officials, pharmaceutical company representatives, academic administrators and researchers, health care providers, medical ethicists, patient advocates, and consumers, were invited to present their perspectives and participate in discussions during the workshop. This report focuses on current conflict of interest policies and their effect on medical innovation in an effort to identify best practices and potential solutions for facilitating innovation while still ensuring scientific integrity and public trust.
Medicine Money And Morals
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Author : Marc A. Rodwin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1995
Medicine Money And Morals written by Marc A. Rodwin and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Medical categories.
Marc A. Rodwin draws on his own experience as a health lawyer--and his research in health ethics, law, and policy--to reveal how financial conflicts of interest can and do negatively affect the quality of patient care. He shows that the problem has become worse over the last century and provides many actual examples of how doctors' decisions are influenced by financial considerations. We learn how two California physicians, for example, resumed referrals to Pasadena General Hospital only after the hospital started paying $70 per patient (their referrals grew from 14 in one month to 82 in the next). As Rodwin writes, incentives such as this can inhibit a doctor from taking action when a hospital fails to provide proper service, and may also lead to the unnecessary hospitalization of patients. We also learn of a Wyeth-Ayerst Labs promotion in which physicians who started patients on INDERAL (a drug for high blood pressure, angina, and migraines) received 1000 mileage points on American Airlines for each patient (studies show that promotions such as this have a direct effect on a doctor's choice of drug). Rodwin reveals why the medical community has failed to regulate conflicts of interest: peer review has little authority, state licensing boards are usually ignorant of abuses, and the AMA code of ethics has historically been recommended rather than required. He examines what can be learned from the way society has coped with the conflicts of interest of other professionals --lawyers, government officials, and businessmen--all of which are held to higher standards of accountability than doctors. And he recommends that efforts be made to prohibit and regulate certain kinds of activity (such as kickbacks and self-referrals), to monitor and regulate conduct, and to provide penalties for improper conduct. Our failure to face physicians' conflicts of interest has distorted the way medicine is practiced, compromised the loyalty of doctors to patients, and harmed society, the integrity of the medical profession, and patients. For those concerned with the quality of health care or medical ethics, Medicine, Money and Morals is a provocative look into the current health care crisis and a powerful prescription for change.
Patient Outcomes Research Teams Ports
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1991-02-01
Patient Outcomes Research Teams Ports written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-02-01 with Medical categories.
The new Agency for Health Care Policy and Research in the U.S. Public Health Service is funding a set of multidisciplinary groups called Patient Outcomes Research Teams (PORTs). Their purpose is to assess alternative treatments for medical conditions using a variety of outcome measures. In guiding insurance coverage, these PORTs are expected to wield considerable influence on medical practice and health policy. This book addresses possible threats to their credibility that might be based on real or apparent conflicts of interest, including both financial and other conflicts. It raises points to consider for the new agency, for PORTs and their institutions, for industry, for the health services research community, and for the U.S. Congress in avoiding and managing conflicts of interest.
Medical Professionals
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Author : Kathleen Montgomery
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-09-05
Medical Professionals written by Kathleen Montgomery and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Medical Professionals: Conflicts and Quandaries in Medical Practice offers a fresh approach to understanding the role-related conflicts and quandaries that pervade contemporary medical practice. While a focus on professional conflicts is not new in the literature, what is missing is a volume that delves into medical professionals’ own experience of the conflicts and quandaries they face, often as a result of inhabiting multiple roles. The volume explores the ways in which these conflicts and quandaries are exacerbated by broader societal forces, including changing scientific and technological paradigms, commercialization, and strengthened consumer movements, which simultaneously expand the scope of roles and responsibilities that medical professionals are expected to fulfill, and make it more difficult to do so. Several empirical chapters analyze data from qualitative interview studies with clinicians and other stakeholders. The studies highlight the burdens on clinicians who are expected to make informed and justified judgments and decisions in the midst of competing pressures; authors describe the methods that clinicians use to address the associated tensions within specific contexts. Two conceptual chapters follow and offer some innovative ways to think about the challenges facing medical professionals as they strive to make sense of the changing landscape within healthcare. The first reflects on the challenges to clinical practice in the midst of shifting and often competing definitions of disease and associated ideologies of care. The second reflects more broadly on the utility of value pluralism as a framework for conceptualizing and working through moral and professional quandaries. The book concludes with a chapter containing suggestions for how members of the medical profession might reframe their thinking about their roles, responsibilities, and decision-making in the midst of inevitable quandaries such as those presented here. This book will be of vital reading for academics, researchers, educators, postgraduate students, and interested health care practitioners and administrators.