Conscription In The United States Historical Background
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Conscription Family And The Modern State
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Author : Dorit Geva
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-08-12
Conscription Family And The Modern State written by Dorit Geva and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-12 with Political Science categories.
The development of modern military conscription systems is usually seen as a response to countries' security needs, and as reflection of national political ideologies like civic republicanism or democratic egalitarianism. This study of conscription politics in France and the United States in the first half of the twentieth century challenges such common sense interpretations. Instead, it shows how despite institutional and ideological differences, both countries implemented conscription systems shaped by political and military leaders' concerns about how taking ordinary family men for military service would affect men's presumed positions as heads of families, especially as breadwinners and figures of paternal authority. The first of its kind, this carefully researched book combines an ambitious range of scholarly traditions and offers an original comparison of how protection of men's household authority affected one of the paradigmatic institutions of modern states.
The U S Army In World War I
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Author : United States Army
language : en
Publisher: e-artnow
Release Date : 2018-02-09
The U S Army In World War I written by United States Army and has been published by e-artnow this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-09 with History categories.
A century ago, the great powers of Europe became engulfed in what was then called the Great War. The modern U.S. Army, capable of conducting industrialized warfare on a global scale, can trace its roots to the World War. Although the war's outbreak in August 1914 shocked most Americans, they preferred to keep the conflict at arm's length. In April 1917, the president, out of diplomatic options, asked Congress to declare war on Germany. The president ordered nearly 400,000 National Guardsmen into federal service, and more than twenty-four million men eventually registered for the Selective Service, America's first conscription since the Civil War. By the end of 1918, the Army had grown to four million men and had trained 200,000 new officers to lead them. The United States will never forget the American soldiers who fought and died in the World War. To this day, memorials to their sacrifice can be found across America, and the date of the armistice has become a national holiday honoring all those who serve in defense of the nation. Contents: The U.S. Army in the World War I Era The Prewar Army, 1899–1917 At War After the Armistice The American Army and the Great War Joining the Great War April 1917– April 1918 Strategic Setting The U.S. Army Before the War American Military and Civilian Leadership The Amalgamation Debate Mobilization of Manpower Building the AEF, 1917 American Soldiers Begin Arriving Training the AEF Men and Materiel in the AEF The War Department: Challenges and Reform Strategic Crisis on the Western Front The AEF Joins the Fight Joining the World War I Strategic Setting The U.S. Army Before the War American Military and Civilian Leadership The Amalgamation Debate American Soldiers Begin Arriving Men and Materiel in the AEF The War Department: Challenges and Reform Strategic Crisis on the Western Front The AEF Joins the Fight Official Documents of the U.S. Government from the World War I
Rough Draft
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Author : Amy J. Rutenberg
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2019-09-15
Rough Draft written by Amy J. Rutenberg and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-15 with History categories.
Rough Draft draws the curtain on the race and class inequities of the Selective Service during the Vietnam War. Amy J. Rutenberg argues that policy makers' idealized conceptions of Cold War middle-class masculinity directly affected whom they targeted for conscription and also for deferment. Federal officials believed that college educated men could protect the nation from the threat of communism more effectively as civilians than as soldiers. The availability of deferments for this group mushroomed between 1945 and 1965, making it less and less likely that middle-class white men would serve in the Cold War army. Meanwhile, officials used the War on Poverty to target poorer and racialized men for conscription in the hopes that military service would offer them skills they could use in civilian life. As Rutenberg shows, manpower policies between World War II and the Vietnam War had unintended consequences. While some men resisted military service in Vietnam for reasons of political conscience, most did so because manpower polices made it possible. By shielding middle-class breadwinners in the name of national security, policymakers militarized certain civilian roles—a move that, ironically, separated military service from the obligations of masculine citizenship and, ultimately, helped kill the draft in the United States.
Manhood And The Making Of The Military
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Author : Dr Anders Ahlbäck
language : en
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Release Date : 2014-10-28
Manhood And The Making Of The Military written by Dr Anders Ahlbäck and has been published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-28 with History categories.
The creation of Finland’s national conscription army in the wake of its independence from Russia in 1917 aroused intense but conflicting emotions. This book examines the struggles of a new army to find popular acceptance and support, and explores the ways that images of manhood were used in the controversies. Ahlbäck places the situation of interwar Finland within a broad European context to reveal the conflicts surrounding compulsory military service and the impact of the Great War on masculinities and constructions of gender.
Conscription Conscientious Objection And Draft Resistance In American History
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Author : Jerry Elmer
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-09-25
Conscription Conscientious Objection And Draft Resistance In American History written by Jerry Elmer and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-25 with Political Science categories.
Conscription, Conscientious Objection, and Draft Resistance in American History is the definitive history of conscription in America. It is the first book ever to consider the entire temporal sweep of conscription from pre-Revolutionary War colonial militia drafts through the end of the Vietnam era. Each chapter contains an examination of that era’s draft law, the actual workings of the conscription machinery, and relevant court decisions that shaped the draft in practice. In addition, the book describes the popular opposition to conscription: organized and unorganized, violent and nonviolent, public and clandestine, legal and illegal. Using sources never before utilized by historians, including government documents obtained in Freedom of Information Act requests, the book demonstrates how anti-conscription sentiment has been far deeper than is popularly appreciated.
Confederate Conscription And The Struggle For Southern Soldiers
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Author : John M. Sacher
language : en
Publisher: LSU Press
Release Date : 2021-11-17
Confederate Conscription And The Struggle For Southern Soldiers written by John M. Sacher and has been published by LSU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-17 with History categories.
Winner of the Jules and Frances Landry Award Finalist for the 2022 Gilder Lehrman Lincoln Prize In April 1862, the Confederacy faced a dire military situation. Its forces were badly outnumbered, the Union army was threatening on all sides, and the twelve-month enlistment period for original volunteers would soon expire. In response to these circumstances, the Confederate Congress passed the first national conscription law in United States history. This initiative touched off a struggle for healthy white male bodies—both for the army and on the home front, where they oversaw enslaved laborers and helped produce food and supplies for the front lines—that lasted till the end of the war. John M. Sacher’s history of Confederate conscription serves as the first comprehensive examination of the topic in nearly one hundred years, providing fresh insights into and drawing new conclusions about the southern draft program. Often summarily dismissed as a detested policy that violated states’ rights and forced nonslaveholders to fight for planters, the conscription law elicited strong responses from southerners wanting to devise the best way to guarantee what they perceived as shared sacrifice. Most who bristled at the compulsory draft did so believing it did not align with their vision of the Confederacy. As Sacher reveals, white southerners’ desire to protect their families, support their communities, and ensure the continuation of slavery shaped their reaction to conscription. For three years, Confederates tried to achieve victory on the battlefield while simultaneously promoting their vision of individual liberty for whites and states’ rights. While they failed in that quest, Sacher demonstrates that southerners’ response to the 1862 conscription law did not determine their commitment to the Confederate cause. Instead, the implementation of the draft spurred a debate about sacrifice—both physical and ideological—as the Confederacy’s insatiable demand for soldiers only grew in the face of a grueling war.
Doughboys The Great War And The Remaking Of America
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Author : Jennifer D. Keene
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2001
Doughboys The Great War And The Remaking Of America written by Jennifer D. Keene and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.
How does a democratic government conscript citizens, turn them into soldiers who can fight effectively against a highly trained enemy, and then somehow reward these troops for their service? In Doughboys, the Great War, and the Remaking of America, Jennifer D. Keene argues that the doughboy experience in 1917–18 forged the U.S. Army of the twentieth century and ultimately led to the most sweeping piece of social-welfare legislation in the nation's history—the G.I. Bill. Keene shows how citizen-soldiers established standards of discipline that the army in a sense had to adopt. Even after these troops had returned to civilian life, lessons learned by the army during its first experience with a mass conscripted force continued to influence the military as an institution. The experience of going into uniform and fighting abroad politicized citizen-soldiers, Keene finally argues, in ways she asks us to ponder. She finds that the country and the conscripts—in their view—entered into a certain social compact, one that assured veterans that the federal government owed conscripted soldiers of the twentieth century debts far in excess of the pensions the Grand Army of the Republic had claimed in the late nineteenth century.
The U S Army S Transition To The All Volunteer Force 1968 1974
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Author : Robert K. Griffith
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1999-05
The U S Army S Transition To The All Volunteer Force 1968 1974 written by Robert K. Griffith and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05 with categories.
The all-volunteer force, the historic norm in peacetime America, was reestablished in the U.S. on 30 June 1973, when induction authority expired. But never before had the U.S. attempted to field a standing Army in peacetime -- based on voluntary enlistments -- with the worldwide responsibilities that faced this force. Since the mid-1980s the ability of the armed forces to recruit and retain quality volunteers has not been seriously questioned. This book takes us through those years of transition, examining both the context in which the end of the draft occurred and the perspective which the Army's leaders brought to bear on the challenge they faced.
Conscription In The Napoleonic Era
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Author : Donald Stoker
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2008-10-09
Conscription In The Napoleonic Era written by Donald Stoker and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-09 with History categories.
This edited volume explores conscription in the Napoleonic era, tracing the roots of European conscription and exploring the many methods that states used to obtain the manpower they needed to prosecute their wars. The levée-en-masse of the French Revolution has often been cited as a ‘Revolution in Military Affairs’, but was it truly a ‘revolutionary’ break with past European practices of raising armies, or an intensification of the scope and scale of practices already inherent in the European military system? This international collection of scholars demonstrate that European conscription has far deeper roots than has been previously acknowledged, and that its intensification during the Napoleonic era was more an ‘evolutionary’ than ‘revolutionary’ change. This book will be of much interest to students of Military History, Strategic Studies, Strategic History and European History.
Military Manpower Policy
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Author : Army Library (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965
Military Manpower Policy written by Army Library (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Conscription categories.