Constitution Of Atomic Nuclei And Radioactivity
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Constitution Of Atomic Nuclei And Radioactivity
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Author : George Gamow
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1931
Constitution Of Atomic Nuclei And Radioactivity written by George Gamow and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1931 with Atoms categories.
Constitution Of Atomic Nuclei Radioactivity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1950
Constitution Of Atomic Nuclei Radioactivity written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1950 with categories.
Otto Hahn And The Rise Of Nuclear Physics
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Author : W.R. Shea
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Otto Hahn And The Rise Of Nuclear Physics written by W.R. Shea and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with History categories.
and less as the emanation unden\'ent radioactive decay, and it became motion less after about 30 seconds. Since this process was occurring very rapidly, Hahn and Sackur marked the position of the pointer on a scale with pencil marks. As a timing device they used a metronome that beat out intervals of approximately 1. 3 seconds. This simple method enabled them to determine that the half-life of the emanations of actinium and emanium were the same. Although Giesel's measurements had been more precise than Debierne's, the name of actinium was retained since Debierne had made the discovery first. Hahn now returned to his sample of barium chloride. He soon conjectured that the radium-enriched preparations must harbor another radioactive sub stance. The liquids resulting from fractional crystallization, which were sup posed to contain radium only, produced two kinds of emanation. One was the long-lived emanation of radium, the other had a short life similar to the emanation produced by thorium. Hahn tried to separate this substance by adding some iron to the solutions that should have been free of radium, but to no avail. Later the reason for his failure became apparent. The element that emitted the thorium emanation was constantly replenished by the ele ment believed to be radium. Hahn succeeded in enriching a preparation until it was more than 100,000 times as intensive in its radiation as the same quantity of thorium.
A Final Story
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Author : Nasser Zakariya
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2017-11-14
A Final Story written by Nasser Zakariya and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-14 with History categories.
Towards a Final Story is the first history of the modern scientific epic. These epic stories pull together our knowledge of the universe, uniting material and biological origins, from beginning to end. The authors of these epics--among them Carl Sagan, E.O. Wilson, and Steven Weinberg--saw their task as providing an integrated schema that would not only bring together but also go beyond the particular scientific results and disciplines available as they wrote their histories. Nasser Zakariya traces how such epic stories could achieve what they claimed, how they inhabit culture and politics, and how they arrived at the present moment from a period in the previous century when inquiries into ultimate origins were regarded by many as unscientific and unanswerable. These prominent, popular historical narratives of science are important forms of knowledge in their own right. They expose what science means in the wider culture and at the same time focus attention on the near paradoxical nature of a universal history narrated by humanity for humanity.
The Synthesis Of The Elements
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Author : Giora Shaviv
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-04-13
The Synthesis Of The Elements written by Giora Shaviv and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-13 with Science categories.
This book describes the origins and evolution of the chemical elements we and the cosmos are made of. The story starts with the discovery of the common elements on Earth and their subsequent discovery in space. How do we learn the composition of the distant stars? How did progress in quantum theory, nuclear physics, spectroscopy, stellar structure and evolution, together with observations of stars, converge to provide an incredibly detailed picture of the universe? How does research in the micro-world explain the macro-world? How does progress in one affect the other, or lack of knowledge in one inhibit progress in the other? In short, Shaviv describes how we discovered the various pieces of the jigsaw that form our present picture of the universe; and how we sometimes put these in the wrong place before finding in the right one. En route we meet some fascinating personalities and learn about heated controversies. Shaviv shows how science lurched from one dogma to the next, time and again shattering much of what had been considered solid knowledge, until eventually a stable understanding arose. Beginning with generally accepted science, the book ends in today’s terra incognita of nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology. A monumental work that will fascinate scientists, philosophers, historians and lay readers alike.
Pursuing The Unity Of Science
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Author : Harmke Kamminga
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-05-20
Pursuing The Unity Of Science written by Harmke Kamminga and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-20 with History categories.
From 1918 to the late 1940s, a host of influential scientists and intellectuals in Europe and North America were engaged in a number of far-reaching unity of science projects. In this period of deep social and political divisions, scientists collaborated to unify sciences across disciplinary boundaries and to set up the international scientific community as a model for global political co-operation. They strove to align scientific and social objectives through rational planning and to promote unified science as the driving force of human civilization and progress. This volume explores the unity of science movement, providing a synthetic view of its pursuits and placing it in its historical context as a scientific and political force. Through a coherent set of original case studies looking at the significance of various projects and strategies of unification, the book highlights the great variety of manifestations of this endeavour. These range from unifying nuclear physics to the evolutionary synthesis, and from the democratization of scientific planning to the utopianism of H.G. Wells's world state. At the same time, the collection brings out the substantive links between these different pursuits, especially in the form of interconnected networks of unification and the alignment of objectives among them. Notably, it shows that opposition to fascism, using the instrument of unified science, became the most urgent common goal in the 1930s and 1940s. In addressing these issues, the book makes visible important historical developments, showing how scientists participated in, and actively helped to create, an interwar ideology of unification, and bringing to light the cultural and political significance of this enterprise.
I Never Call It Big Bang George Gamow The Extraordinary Story Of A Genius Of Physics
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Author : Alessandro Bottino
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2022-03-07
I Never Call It Big Bang George Gamow The Extraordinary Story Of A Genius Of Physics written by Alessandro Bottino and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-07 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
This book tells the incredible story of George Gamow, one of the most brilliant and extravagant physicists of the past century. Gamow was born in Russia in 1904 and died in the USA in 1968. He lived his life in a time between the twenties and the sixties, characterized by rapid developments in physics and became a key figure of that time. Gamow's true merits were seldom fully recognized. Yet his ideas are behind a number of Nobel Prizes for Physics during the past century. His remarkable achievements in Nuclear Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology were the result of a combination of expertise and creativity, intuition and, importantly, of a good sense of humor. Together they craft the image of a true revolutionary scientist. Gamow also had a natural talent for popularization and was throughout his life a successful science communicator.The figure of Gamow is interesting also from a cultural perspective. His life stretches across a critical period in our history and moves geographically from Russia to the USA, via Europe. His story provides insights into the complex dialogue between historical events and scientific developments during the twentieth century.Our book builds on the extensive interview that science historian Charles Weiner did with Gamow shortly before his death. Here Gamow offers a complete survey of his scientific achievements. Tapping onto their dialogue, we have enriched the picture of Gamow's figure with materials gathered also from other sources. First of all, we discuss his autobiography, in which Gamow mainly focuses on the education he received in Russia and on his experience as a young scientist in Europe. We contrast this with relevant writings about his, at times, controversial role in the scientific environment of his epoch. Altogether, these form a critical and complex representation of the life and character of this extraordinary scientist and human being.Related Link(s)
The Conceptual Completion And The Extensions Of Quantum Mechanics 1932 1941 Epilogue Aspects Of The Further Development Of Quantum Theory 1942 1999
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Author : Jagdish Mehra
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-06-29
The Conceptual Completion And The Extensions Of Quantum Mechanics 1932 1941 Epilogue Aspects Of The Further Development Of Quantum Theory 1942 1999 written by Jagdish Mehra and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-06-29 with Computers categories.
Quantum Theory, together with the principles of special and general relativity, constitute a scientific revolution that has profoundly influenced the way in which we think about the universe and the fundamental forces that govern it. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory is a definitive historical study of that scientific work and the human struggles that accompanied it from the beginning. Drawing upon such materials as the resources of the Archives for the History of Quantum Physics, the Niels Bohr Archives, and the archives and scientific correspondence of the principal quantum physicists, as well as Jagdish Mehra's personal discussions over many years with most of the architects of quantum theory, the authors have written a rigorous scientific history of quantum theory in a deeply human context. This multivolume work presents a rich account of an intellectual triumph: a unique analysis of the creative scientific process. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory is science, history, and biography, all wrapped in the story of a great human enterprise. Its lessons will be an aid to those working in the sciences and humanities alike.||Comments by distinguished physicists on "The Historical Development of Quantum Theory":||"¿the most definitive work undertaken by anyone on this vast and most important development in the history of physics. Jagdish Mehra, trained in theoretical physics under Pauli, Heisenberg, and Dirac, pursued the vision of his youth to write about the historical and conceptual development of quantum theory in the 20th century¿This series of books on the HDQT has thus become the most authentic and permanent source of our knowledge of how quantum theory, its extensions and applications developed. My heartfelt congratulations."|-Hans A. Bethe, Nobel Laureate||"A thrilling and magnificent achievement!"|-Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, FRS, Nobel Laureate||"¿capture(s) precisely, accurately, and thoroughly the very essence and all the fundamental details of the theory, and that is a remarkable achievement¿I have greatly enjoyed reading these books and learned so many new things from them. This series of books will remain a permanent source of knowledge about the creation and development of quantum theory. Congratulations!"|-Paul A. Dirac, FRS, Nobel Laureate||"The wealth and accuracy of detail in 'The Historical Development of Quantum Theory' are breathtaking."|-Richard P. Feynman, Nobel Laureate
The Lost Notebook Of Enrico Fermi
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Author : Francesco Guerra
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-27
The Lost Notebook Of Enrico Fermi written by Francesco Guerra and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-27 with Science categories.
This book tells the curious story of an unexpected finding that sheds light on a crucial moment in the development of physics: the discovery of artificial radioactivity induced by neutrons. The finding in question is a notebook, clearly written in Fermi's handwriting, which records the frenzied days and nights that Fermi spent experimenting alone, driven by his theoretical ideas on beta decay. The notebook was found by the authors while browsing through documents left by Oscar D'Agostino, the chemist among Fermi's group. From Fermi's notes, they reconstruct with skill and expertise the detailed timeline of the critical days leading up to his vital discovery. While much is already known about the road that led Fermi to his important result, this is the first time that it has been possible to reconstruct precisely when and how the initial evidence of neutron-induced decay was obtained. In relating this fascinating story, the book will be of great interest not only to those with a passion for the history of science but also to a wider audience.
The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Modern Cosmology
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Author : Helge Kragh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-03-06
The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Modern Cosmology written by Helge Kragh and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-06 with Science categories.
Scientific and popular literature on modern cosmology is very extensive; however, scholarly works on the historical development of cosmology are few and scattered. The Oxford Handbook of the History of Modern Cosmology offers a comprehensive and authoritative account of the history of cosmology from the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. It provides historical background to what we know about the universe today, including not only the successes but also the many false starts. Big Bang theory features prominently, but so does the defunct steady state theory. The book starts with a chapter on the pre-Einstein period (1860-1910) and ends with chapters on modern developments such as inflation, dark energy and multiverse hypotheses. The chapters are organized chronologically, with some focusing on theory and others more on observations and technological advances. A few of the chapters discuss more general ideas, relating to larger contexts such as politics, economy, philosophy and world views.