Contingencies Of Reinforcement
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Contingencies Of Reinforcement
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Author : B. F. Skinner
language : en
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
Release Date : 2014-07-01
Contingencies Of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and has been published by B. F. Skinner Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Science categories.
B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.
Encyclopedia Of Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Author : Fred R. Volkmar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-10-06
Encyclopedia Of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Fred R. Volkmar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-06 with Psychology categories.
This major reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource for students, educators, researchers, and professionals. Comprehensive in breath and textbook in depth, the Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders serves as a reference repository of knowledge in the field as well as a regularly updated conduit of new knowledge long before such information trickles down from research to standard textbooks. The Encyclopedia consists of 5 volumes and approximately 1,500 entries divided by the major conceptual areas of ASD and PDDs, including: - Research trends and findings - Behavior/speech - Communication - Treatments - Education Taking advantage of the techniques offered by the electronic medium, the Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders offers an extensive cross-referencing system facilitating search and retrieval of information.
Schedules Of Reinforcement
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Author : B. F. Skinner
language : en
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
Release Date : 2015-05-20
Schedules Of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and has been published by B. F. Skinner Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-20 with Psychology categories.
The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
The Power Of Reinforcement
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Author : Stephen Ray Flora
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 2012-02-01
The Power Of Reinforcement written by Stephen Ray Flora and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-01 with Social Science categories.
2004 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title According to Stephen Ray Flora, reinforcement is a very powerful tool for improving the human condition despite often being dismissed as regarding people as less than human and as "overly simplistic." This book addresses and defends the use of reinforcement principles against a wide variety of attacks. Countering the myths, criticisms, and misrepresentations of reinforcement, including false claims that reinforcement is "rat psychology," the author shows that building reinforcement theory on basic laboratory research is a strength, not a weakness, and allows unlimited applications to human situations as it promotes well-being and productivity. Also examined are reinforcement contingencies, planned or accidental, as they shape behavioral patterns and repertoires in a positive way.
The Science Of Consequences
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Author : Susan M. Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Prometheus Books
Release Date : 2012-12-11
The Science Of Consequences written by Susan M. Schneider and has been published by Prometheus Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-11 with Science categories.
Actions have consequences--and the ability to learn from them revolutionized life on earth. While it's easy enough to see that consequences are important (where would we be without positive reinforcement?), few have heard there's a science of consequences, with principles that affect us every day. Despite their variety, consequences appear to follow a common set of scientific principles and share some similar effects in the brain--such as the "pleasure centers." Nature and nurture always work together, and scientists have demonstrated that learning from consequences predictably activates genes and restructures the brain. Applications are everywhere--at home, at work, and at school, and that's just for starters. Individually and societally, for example, self-control pits short-term against long-term consequences. Ten years in the making, this award-winning book tells a tale ranging from genetics to neurotransmitters, from emotion to language, from parenting to politics, taking an inclusive interdisciplinary approach to show how something so deceptively simple can help make sense of so much.
How And Why People Change
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Author : Ian M. Evans
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-17
How And Why People Change written by Ian M. Evans and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-17 with Medical categories.
In How and Why People Change Dr. Ian M. Evans revisits many of the fundamental principles of behavior change in order to deconstruct what it is we try to achieve in psychological therapies. All of the conditions that impact people when seeking therapy are brought together in one cohesive framework: assumptions of learning, motivation, approach and avoidance, barriers to change, personality dynamics, and the way that individual behavioral repertoires are inter-related.
The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Of Personality
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Author : Philip J. Corr
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-04-10
The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Of Personality written by Philip J. Corr and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-10 with Psychology categories.
One of the major neuropsychological models of personality, developed by world-renowned psychologist Professor Jeffrey Gray, is based upon individual differences in reactions to punishing and rewarding stimuli. This biological theory of personality - now widely known as 'Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory' (RST) - has had a major influence on motivation, emotion and psychopathology research. In 2000, RST was substantially revised by Jeffrey Gray, together with Neil McNaughton, and this revised theory proposed three principal motivation/emotion systems: the 'Fight-Flight-Freeze System' (FFFS), the 'Behavioural Approach System' (BAS) and the 'Behavioural Inhibition System' (BIS). This is the first book to summarise the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of personality and bring together leading researchers in the field. It summarizes all of the pre-2000 RST research findings, explains and elaborates the implications of the 2000 theory for personality psychology and lays out the future research agenda for RST.
Principles Of Behavior
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Author : Richard W. Malott
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-03-31
Principles Of Behavior written by Richard W. Malott and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-31 with Psychology categories.
Known for both its narrative style and scientific rigor, Principles of Behavior is the premier introduction to behavior analysis. Through an exploration of experimental, applied, and theoretical concepts, the authors summarize the key conversations in the field. They bring the content to life using humorous and engaging language and show students how the principles of behavior relate to their everyday lives. The text’s tried-and-true pedagogy make the content as clear as possible without oversimplifying the concepts. Each chapter includes study objectives, key terms, and review questions that encourage students to check their understanding before moving on, and incorporated throughout the text are real-world examples and case studies to illustrate key concepts and principles. This edition features some significant organizational changes: the respondent conditioning chapter is now Chapter 1, a general introduction to operant conditioning is now covered in Chapters 2 and 3, and the introduction to research methods is now covered in Chapter 4. These changes were made to help instructors prepare students for starting a research project at the beginning of the course. Two new chapters include Chapter 5 on the philosophy supporting behavior analysis, and Chapter 24 on verbal behavior that introduces B.F. Skinner’s approach and terminology. This edition also features a new full-color design and over 400 color figures, tables, and graphs. Principles of Behavior is an essential resource for both introductory and intermediate courses in behavior analysis. It is carefully tailored to the length of a standard academic semester and how behavior analysis courses are taught, with each section corresponding to a week’s worth of coursework. The text can also function as the first step in a student’s journey into becoming a professional behavior analyst at the BA, MA, or PhD/EdD level. Each chapter of the text is integrated with the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) task list, serving as an excellent primer to many of the BACB tasks. The text is supported by a set of PowerPoint slides with figures, tables, and graphs for every chapter and a robust test bank with multiple choice, fill in the blank, matching, and short answer questions for every chapter for a total of over 1,500 questions.
Science And Human Behavior
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Author : B.F Skinner
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2012-12-18
Science And Human Behavior written by B.F Skinner and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-18 with Psychology categories.
The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics