Coping With Crisis The Resilience And Vulnerability Of Pre Industrial Settlements
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Coping With Crisis The Resilience And Vulnerability Of Pre Industrial Settlements
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Author : Daniel R. Curtis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-05-13
Coping With Crisis The Resilience And Vulnerability Of Pre Industrial Settlements written by Daniel R. Curtis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-13 with History categories.
Why in the pre-industrial period were some settlements resilient and stable over the long term while other settlements were vulnerable to crisis? Indeed, what made certain human habitations more prone to decline or even total collapse, than others? All pre-industrial societies had to face certain challenges: exogenous environmental hazards such as earthquakes or plagues, economic or political hazards from ’outside’ such as warfare or expropriation of property, or hazards of their own-making such as soil erosion or subsistence crises. How then can we explain why some societies were able to overcome or negate these problems, while other societies proved susceptible to failure, as settlements contracted, stagnated, were abandoned, or even disappeared entirely? This book has been stimulated by the questions and hypotheses put forward by a recent ’disaster studies’ literature - in particular, by placing the intrinsic arrangement of societies at the forefront of the explanatory framework. Essentially it is suggested that the resilience or vulnerability of habitation has less to do with exogenous crises themselves, but on endogenous societal responses which dictate: (a) the extent of destruction caused by crises and the capacity for society to protect itself; and (b) the capacity to create a sufficient recovery. By empirically testing the explanatory framework on a number of societies between the Middle Ages and the nineteenth century in England, the Low Countries, and Italy, it is ultimately argued in this book that rather than the protective functions of the state or the market, or the implementation of technological innovation or capital investment, the most resilient human habitations in the pre-industrial period were those than displayed an equitable distribution of property and a well-balanced distribution of power between social interest groups. Equitable distributions of power and property were the underlying conditions in pre-industrial societies that all
Strategies Dispositions And Resources Of Social Resilience
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Author : Martin Endress
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-04-24
Strategies Dispositions And Resources Of Social Resilience written by Martin Endress and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-24 with Social Science categories.
The concept of resilience, which originally emerged in psychology, has spread to numerous disciplines and was further developed particularly in social ecology. Resilience experiences an ongoing growing reception in the humanities and historical and social sciences as well, including heterogenic approaches on how to conceptually frame resilience. Common to these approaches is, that resilience becomes topical in the context of analysing phenomena and processes of the ‘resistibility’ of certain (socio-historical) units or actors which are perceived as being faced with various constellations of disruptive change. In this context, resilience is not only taken to mean the opposite of vulnerability, but at the same time, resilience and vulnerability are understood as complementary concepts. From this perspective, vulnerability is a necessary condition of resilience and vice versa. Against this background, the present volume provides a preliminary appraisal of socio-scientific and historical resilience research by assembling contributions of authors originating from different disciplines. Thus, it fosters an interdisciplinary discussion on the theoretical and analytical potentials as well as the empirical applicability of the concept of resilience. ContentsStrategies, Dispositions and Resources – Theoretical contributions • Medieval case studies • Reflections and General Comments The EditorsDr. Martin Endreß is Professor for General Sociology at the University of Trier. Dr. Lukas Clemens is Professor for Medieval History at the University of Trier. Dr. Benjamin Rampp is research assistant for General Sociology at the University of Trier.
The European Crisis Of The 1590s
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Author : Peter Clark
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-05-01
The European Crisis Of The 1590s written by Peter Clark and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-01 with History categories.
First published in 1985, The European Crisis of the 1590s (now with a new preface by Peter Clark on the current literature on crisis and catastrophe) investigates in depth for the first time the origin and scale of the critical problems of the 1590s and their impact on European society. Among the contributors are many leading scholars working on European history during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The book is divided into two parts. The first analyses the particular mesh of difficulties in different areas of Europe, covering all the major countries—England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and Italy. The second part discusses more general issues such as the impact of war and the role of the state. From a systematic, comparative examination of one period of acute difficulty and upheaval we gain valuable insights into the general nature of the economic and social crises which recurred in the early modern era. Important and vivid light is also shed on the long-term social, economic, and institutional changes affecting European countries c.1550-c.1650. General findings are emphasised in the editorial introduction and in the wide-ranging conclusion by J.H. Eliott which offers a powerful evaluation of the historical significance of the 1590s. This volume will be essential reading for academics, students and others interested in the economic, social, and political history of Britain and continental Europe during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It will also be valuable for all those working in the new field of crisis and catastrophe.
The Crisis Of The 14th Century
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Author : Martin Bauch
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-12-16
The Crisis Of The 14th Century written by Martin Bauch and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-16 with Literary Criticism categories.
Pre-modern critical interactions of nature and society can best be studied during the so-called "Crisis of the 14th Century". While historiography has long ignored the environmental framing of historcial processes and scientists have over-emphasized nature's impact on the course of human history, this volume tries to describe the at times complex modes of the late-medieval relationship of man and nature. The idea of 'teleconnection', borrowed from the geosciences, describes the influence of atmospheric circulation patterns often over long distances. It seems that there were 'teleconnections' in society, too. So this volumes aims to examine man-environment interactions mainly in the 14th century from all over Europe and beyond. It integrates contributions from different disciplines on impact, perception and reaction of environmental change and natural extreme events on late Medieval societies. For humanists from all historical disciplines it offers an approach how to integrate written and even scientific evidence on environmental change in established and new fields of historical research. For scientists it demonstrates the contributions scholars from the humanities can provide for discussion on past environmental changes.
Change And Resilience
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Author : Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros
language : en
Publisher: Oxbow Books
Release Date : 2019-06-30
Change And Resilience written by Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros and has been published by Oxbow Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-30 with History categories.
Change and Resilience offers a view of the main Mediterranean islands from West to East in Late Antiquity because Mediterranean islands can contribute in fundamental ways to our understanding not only of earlier colonizations but also later periods. The volume explores specifically the time frame from the fall of the Roman empire to the Medieval period. A first group of papers covers islands and island groups in the Central and Western Mediterranean, including the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, and the Adriatic islands. Together, these five papers highlight several common themes across the region: local or indigenous sites were often reoccupied in Late Antiquity, the rural countryside typically played a significant role in the contributions of islands to wider Mediterranean economic networks, and islands – big and small – often played significant roles in shifting political and religious power. The second group focuses on the Eastern Mediterranean. Three papers cover a range of islands, including Crete, the Cyclades, and Cyprus. Together they emphasize the impacts external shifts in political power and economic ties in the Eastern Mediterranean had on island landscapes, as well as the connected relationship between sacred space and territorial occupation across many of these islands. The final group of papers pivots on changing perceptions of island landscapes in Late Antiquity—or “island mindscapes.” Three papers focus on how communities adapted as they underwent Christianization in island contexts, emphasizing the diverse and varied ways that island landscapes became “Christianized,” as well as how other political and economic factors shaped the dynamics of change.
The Lion S Share
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Author : Guido Alfani
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-07
The Lion S Share written by Guido Alfani and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This is the most in-depth analysis of inequality and social polarization ever attempted for a preindustrial society. Using data from the archives of the Venetian Terraferma, and compared with information available for elsewhere in Europe, Guido Alfani and Matteo Di Tullio demonstrate that the rise of the fiscal-military state served to increase economic inequality in the early modern period. Preindustrial fiscal systems tended to be regressive in nature, and increased post-tax inequality compared to pre-tax - in contrast to what we would assume is the case in contemporary societies. This led to greater and greater disparities in wealth, which were made worse still as taxes were collected almost entirely to fund war and defence rather than social welfare. Though focused on Old Regime Europe, Alfani and Di Tullio's findings speak to contemporary debates about the roots of inequality and social stratification.
Proceedings Of The 8th International Conference On Sustainable Urban Development
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Author : Vien Thuc Ha
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-07-05
Proceedings Of The 8th International Conference On Sustainable Urban Development written by Vien Thuc Ha and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-05 with Science categories.
This book includes peer-reviewed articles from the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development (ICSUD 2022), held at the Vietnamese-German University (VGU) in Vietnam. The theme of the conference is “innovative and inclusive growth models for sustainable urban development”. Articles in this book present major issues that cities and regions around the world are facing these days to adapt to new, unexpected, and profound challenges. Over past few years, the world has been observing meaningful reactions to crises. From the pandemic to war, energy, and food shortages, there are always opportunities for innovations. Some firms still thrived in the city lock-down; some groups stayed healthier with less income; and certain municipalities consumed less resources to attain higher outcomes. However, the rise of digital economy, the importance of proximity or near-shore supply chain, or the new contribution of different communities at different levels are generalized asnew growth models for changes.
Plague In The Early Modern World
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Author : Dean Phillip Bell
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-08-12
Plague In The Early Modern World written by Dean Phillip Bell and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-12 with History categories.
Plague in the Early Modern World, now in a second edition, presents a broad range of primary source materials from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, China, India, and North America that explore the nature and impact of plague and disease in the early modern world. During the early modern period, frequent and recurring outbreaks of plague and other epidemics around the world helped to define local identities, and they simultaneously forged and subverted social structures, recalibrated demographic patterns, dictated political agendas, and drew upon and tested religious and scientific worldviews. By gathering texts from diverse and often obscure publications and from areas of the globe not commonly studied, Plague in the Early Modern World provides new information and a unique platform for exploring early modern world history from local and global perspectives and examining how early modern people understood and responded to plague at times of distress and normalcy. This second edition has been updated throughout to include the latest scientific studies and historical research, new extracts, including sections from Mercuriale and Manzoni’s Promessi Sposi, and a fully updated bibliography. Including source materials such as memoirs and autobiographies, letters, histories, and literature, as well as demographic statistics, legislation, medical treatises and popular remedies, religious writings, material culture, and the visual arts, the volume will be of great use to students and general readers interested in early modern history and the history of disease.
The Archaeology Of Medieval Villages Currently Inhabited In Europe
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Author : Jesús Fernández Fernández
language : en
Publisher: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2019-08-29
The Archaeology Of Medieval Villages Currently Inhabited In Europe written by Jesús Fernández Fernández and has been published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-29 with Social Science categories.
Archaeological interventions in European rural settlements have largely focussed on villages abandoned during the last millennium. Most hamlets and villages of medieval origin remain inhabited, however, and excavations have been scarce. This book details excavations of inhabited sites in the UK, the Netherlands, France, Scandinavia and Spain.
Making The Medieval Relevant
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Author : Chris Jones
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-12-02
Making The Medieval Relevant written by Chris Jones and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-02 with Social Science categories.
When scholars discuss the medieval past, the temptation is to become immersed there, to deepen our appreciation of the nuances of the medieval sources through debate about their meaning. But the past informs the present in a myriad of ways and medievalists can, and should, use their research to address the concerns and interests of contemporary society. This volume presents a number of carefully commissioned essays that demonstrate the fertility and originality of recent work in Medieval Studies. Above all, they have been selected for relevance. Most contributors are in the earlier stages of their careers and their approaches clearly reflect how interdisciplinary methodologies applied to Medieval Studies have potential repercussions and value far beyond the boundaries of the Middles Ages. These chapters are powerful demonstrations of the value of medieval research to our own times, both in terms of providing answers to some of the specific questions facing humanity today and in terms of much broader considerations. Taken together, the research presented here also provides readers with confidence in the fact that Medieval Studies cannot be neglected without a great loss to the understanding of what it means to be human.