Cowbirds And Other Brood Parasites
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Cowbirds And Other Brood Parasites
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Author : Catherine P. Ortega
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date : 2023-01-17
Cowbirds And Other Brood Parasites written by Catherine P. Ortega and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-17 with Science categories.
The Brown-headed Cowbird is known to use the nests of more than 200 other bird species, and cowbirds in general are believed to play a role in the decline of some migratory songbird populations. These brood parasites—birds that lay their eggs in the nests of others—have long flourished in North America. In this timely book, Catherine Ortega summarizes and synthesizes a wealth of information on cowbirds from around the world that has appeared since the publication of Herbert Friedmann's classic 1929 monograph on these birds. Most of this information has appeared in the last quarter-century and reflects advances in our understanding of how brood parasitism influences, and is influenced by, host species. Ortega shows that in order to manage cowbirds without further damaging delicate balances in host-parasite relationships, it is necessary to understand such factors as behavior, reproduction, population dynamics, and response to landscape patterns. She examines and explains the origin, evolution, and costs of brood parasitism, and she discusses the philosophical and ecological considerations regarding the management of cowbirds—a controversial issue because of their perceived influence on threatened and endangered birds. Because brood parasitism has evolved independently in various bird families, information on this adaptive strategy is of great ecological interest and considerable value to wildlife management. Cowbirds and Other Brood Parasites is an important reference on these creatures that enhances our understanding of both their behavior and their part in the natural world.
Cuckoos Cowbirds And Other Cheats
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Author : Nicholas B. Davies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Cuckoos Cowbirds And Other Cheats written by Nicholas B. Davies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Cowbirds categories.
"In this fascinating new book, Nick Davies describes the natural histories of these brood parasites and examines many of the exciting questions they raise about the evolution of cheating and the arms race between parasites and their prey. Brood parasites fill their armory with adaptations including exquisite egg mimicry, rapid laying, ejection of host eggs, murder of host young, chick mimicry and manipulative begging behavior: ploys shown by recent research to have evolved in response to host defense behavior or through competition among the parasites themselves. While many host species appear defenseless, accepting parasite eggs quite unlike their own, many are more discriminating against odd-looking eggs and some have evolved the ability to discriminate against odd-looking chicks as well. How is this arms race conducted? Will defenseless hosts develop defenses in time, or are there constraints which limit the evolution and perfection of host defenses? And why are so few species obliged only to lay eggs in host nests? Have host defenses limited the success of brood parasitism, or is it in fact much more common than we suspect, but occurring mainly when birds parasitize the nest of their own kind? All of these puzzles are examined in descriptions of the natural history of each of the groups of parasites in turn. Here is a book with wide appeal, both to amateur naturalists fascinated by this most singular and macabre of behaviors and by ornithologists and ecologists interested in the evolution of ecology and behavior. The story takes us from the classic field work earlier this century by pioneer ornithologists such as Edgar Chance, Stuart Baker, Herbert Friedmann and others, through to the recent experimental field work and molecular techniques of today's leading scientists. We visit brood parasites in Europe, Asia, Japan, Africa, Australasia, and North and South America, to look at some of the worlds most interesting birds and some of biology's most interesting questions, many of which still beg answers from ornithologists in the future. Brilliant illustrations by David Quinn illuminate the species discussed, showing many behaviors never before illustrated and conveying the thrill of watching these astonishing birds in the wild."--Bloomsbury Publishing.
Cuckoos Cowbirds And Other Cheats
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Author : Nick Davies
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2010-09-30
Cuckoos Cowbirds And Other Cheats written by Nick Davies and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-30 with Science categories.
This fascinating study describes the natural histories of these brood parasites and examines many of the exciting questions they raise about the evolution of cheating and the arms race between parasites and their prey. Brood parasites fill their armoury with adaptations including exquisite egg mimicry, rapid laying, ejection of host eggs, murder of host young, chick mimicry and manipulative begging behaviour: ploys shown by recent research to have evolved in response to host defence behaviour or through competition among the parasites themselves. While many host species appear defenceless, accepting parasite eggs quite unlike their own, many are more discriminating against odd-looking eggs and some have evolved the ability to discriminate against odd-looking chicks as well. How is this arms race conducted? Will defenceless hosts develop defences in time, or are there constraints which limit the evolution and perfection of host defences? And why are so few species obliged only to lay eggs in host nests? Have host defences limited the success of brood parasitism, or is it in fact much more common than we suspect, but occurring mainly when birds parasitize the nest of their own kind? All of these puzzles are examined in descriptions of the natural history of each of the groups of parasites in turn. Here is a book with wide appeal, both to amateur naturalists fascinated by this most singular and macabre of behaviours and by ornithologists and ecologists interested in the evolution of ecology and behaviour. The story takes us from the classic field work by pioneer ornithologists such as Edgar Chance, Stuart Baker, Herbert Friedmann and others, through to the experimental field work and molecular techniques of today's leading scientists. We visit brood parasites in Europe, Asia, Japan, Africa, Australasia, and North and South America, to look at some of the world's most interesting birds and some of biology's most interesting questions, many of which still beg answers from ornithologists in the future. Brilliant illustrations by David Quinn illuminate the species discussed, showing many behaviours never before illustrated and conveying the thrill of watching these astonishing birds in the wild.
The Avian Brood Parasites
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Author : Paul A. Johnsgard
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1997-11-06
The Avian Brood Parasites written by Paul A. Johnsgard and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-11-06 with Science categories.
The evolutionary, ecological and behavioral questions posed by obligate brood parasites are among the most intriguing of all contemporary ornithological topics. Avian brood parasites lay their eggs in the nests of other birds and may be a major contributing factor driving several species of songbirds to near extinction. As one of the first books to present a comprehensive overview of this fascinating phenomenon, this work discusses the comparative biology and co-evolutionary adaptations exhibited by the five families of birds that engage in such behavior. Several chapters dealing with the comparative biology of both intraspecific and interspecific brood parasites, are followed by individual accounts of all known species--nearly 100 altogether, primarily cowbirds and cuckoos. Some of the more remarkable behavioral and structural adaptations of these birds include egg mimicry, juvenile mimicry, elimination by starvation or actual attack of other nestlings or host eggs, and even the learning and partial mimicry of host song traits. An extended glossary, a list of Latin names, 400 literature citations and range maps of all parasitic species discussed are also included. Detailed line drawings by the author enhance this synthesis of biological and ecological information.
Avian Brood Parasitism
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Author : Manuel Soler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-02
Avian Brood Parasitism written by Manuel Soler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-02 with Science categories.
Brood parasitism has become one of the most flourishing areas of research in evolutionary ecology and one of the best model systems for investigating coevolution. This subject has undergone remarkable advances during the last two decades, but has not been covered by any book in the 21st century. This book offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the fascinating field of avian brood parasitism. The topics covered include conspecific brood parasitism; evolution and phylogenetic history of avian brood parasites; parasitic behaviour used by brood parasites; adaptations and counter-adaptations of brood parasites and their hosts at every stage of the breeding cycle (before laying, egg, chick and fledgling stages); factors affecting the evolution of host defences and parasitic attacks; the role of phenotypic plasticity in host defences; mechanisms driving egg recognition and rejection; evolution of nest sharing or nest killing by brood parasite chicks; begging behaviour in parasitized nests and food delivery by host adults; and recognition of conspecifics by juvenile brood parasites. This volume provides a comprehensive reference resource for readers and researchers with an interest in birds, behaviour and evolution, as well as a source of hypotheses and predictions for future investigations into this dynamic subject.
Host Relations Of The Parasitic Cowbirds
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Author : Herbert Friedmann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
Host Relations Of The Parasitic Cowbirds written by Herbert Friedmann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Birds categories.
Cowbirds are an ideal group in which to study the biology of brood parasitism; within the six included species there are displayed all stages of the development of this mode of reproduction ranging from that of the non-parasitic bay-wing through those of the completely parasitic screaming, shiny, brown-headed, bronzed, and giant cowbirds. The present report deals only with their host relationships, as this is the aspect of their biology in which our knowledge has shown the greatest increase since the author's discussion was published in 1929.
Parasitic Birds And Their Hosts
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Author : Stephen I. Rothstein
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Release Date : 1998
Parasitic Birds And Their Hosts written by Stephen I. Rothstein and has been published by Oxford University Press on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Nature categories.
This book is the first to present a comprehensive overview of parasitic birds and their hosts. Although the phenomenon has attracted the interest of naturalists and evolutionists since Darwin, only recently have researchers applied modern evolutionary theory and experimental methods to study the various adaptations related to brood parasitism. The work in this field is accelerating rapidly, and this volume collects work from the individuals and research groups around the world who have been responsible for nearly every major study in the last ten years. The papers present valuable summaries along with substantial new research, and the volume concludes with a review of important unsolved questions. The book is an invaluable resource on this fascinating topic, covering the remarkable sequences of adaptations and counter-adaptations, along with the perhaps even more remarkable cases where adaptations seem to be lacking.
Host Relations Of The Parasitic Cowbirds Classic Reprint
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Author : Herbert Friedmann
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-11-26
Host Relations Of The Parasitic Cowbirds Classic Reprint written by Herbert Friedmann and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-26 with Science categories.
Excerpt from Host Relations of the Parasitic Cowbirds Inasmuch as the completeness of our knowledge varies with the different species of cowbirds, the detailed discussion of such biolog ical matters as host selection, the relative frequency with which different species of these hosts are utilized, the success rate with which these birds serve as fosterers, and the various reactions they give to the parasite and to the incidence of parasitism are all given in the account of each species of cowbird. As might be expected from the interest discussed above, the data are incomparably more extensive, and thus more amenable to analysis and interpretation, for the North American brown-headed cowbird than for any of the others. Because of this, the chief biological discussion and synthesis are given under that species, even though parts of the thoughts and conclusions are applicable to the others as well. The present study of the host-parasite relations of the cowbirds has been a long time in progress. Not only has a great mass of data been accumulating slowly over several decades, but newer insights and better methods of evaluating and interpreting the facts have been brought to bear as the material permitted. Much of the present data is due in large measure to the kind cooperation of many observ ers, collectors, and custodians of collections, all of whom have generously sent me numerous interesting records that otherwise would not have been available. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Ecology And Management Of Cowbirds And Their Hosts
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Author : James N. M. Smith
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2014-09-05
Ecology And Management Of Cowbirds And Their Hosts written by James N. M. Smith and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-05 with Nature categories.
In the past two centuries, cowbirds have increased in numbers and extended their range across North America, while many of the native songbird species whose nests they parasitize to raise their young have declined. This timely book collects forty essays by most of the principal authorities on the biology and management of cowbirds. The book's goals are to explore the biology of cowbirds, the threats they pose to host species and populations, and the management programs that are being undertaken to minimize these threats. The book is organized into five sections, each with an extended editors' introduction that places the contributions in a broad, up-to-date setting. The sections cover: The changing abundance of cowbirds and the ways in which their numbers can be estimated. Host choice by cowbirds, the negative effects of cowbirds on particular host species, and the daily patterns of cowbird behavior. Behavioral interactions between cowbirds and specific host species. Patterns of cowbird abundance and host use across varying landscapes. Management programs designed to control cowbirds and protect threatened songbirds.
Anti Brood Parasite Defenses And Nest Site Selection By Forest Edge Songbirds In Central Missouri
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Author : Dirk E. Burhans
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Anti Brood Parasite Defenses And Nest Site Selection By Forest Edge Songbirds In Central Missouri written by Dirk E. Burhans and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Brood parasites categories.
Brood parasites such as cowbirds exert strong selective forces upon hosts to coevolve defenses to counter the costs imposed by raising parasitic young. These defenses may occur on the behavioral level or may be related to the way in which hosts select their nest sites. I examined the way in which nest-site selection and host defenses are related to brood parasitism by the Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) and nest predation in central Missouri for Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) and Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea). By comparing the similarities and differences in nest-site selection and parasitism dynamics between Field Sparrows and Indigo Buntings I hope to shed light on the patterns and processes involved in nest-site selection and anti-brood parasite defenses. Indigo Buntings and Field Sparrows were parasitized at very different frequencies despite their similarities in nesting biology. Parasitism frequency in both species was best explained by average side nest concealment except for Indigo Buntings nesting under forest canopy. Buntings nesting under forest canopy were more heavily parasitized, indicating that habitat-scale considerations may override microhabitat features in explaining parasitism. Nest predation and daily nest survival in Field Sparrows and Indigo Buntings showed opposing patterns seasonally and by nesting stage. Microhabitat variables explained predation frequencies in Field Sparrows, but not Indigo Buntings. Aggressive defense at the nest did not explain differences in parasitism frequency between Indigo Buntings and Field Sparrows based on experiments with models. Field Sparrows frequently deserted cowbird-parasitized nests, and morning nest arrival observations suggested that they often encounter cowbirds parasitizing their nests. Experiments indicated that Field Sparrows may not recognize cowbirds as brood parasites, but as predators; however, nest desertion may be a response that is appropriate for both parasitism and nest predation, because predators may return to take the entire nest contents.